Project description:Analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow and the Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord after manupulating miR-146a-5p expression. miR-146a-5p is involved in controlling the proliferation and migration of MSCs. Results provide miR-146a-5p-regulating genes in MSCs. In this study, BM-MSCs transduced with miR-146a-5p expression vector or pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-copGFP vector only, as well as two WJ-MSCs transfected with short interfering RNAs targeting miR-146a or a GFP control.
Project description:Analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow and the Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord after manupulating miR-146a-5p expression. miR-146a-5p is involved in controlling the proliferation and migration of MSCs. Results provide miR-146a-5p-regulating genes in MSCs.
Project description:Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Despite the good initial response, castration resistance and metastatic progression will inevitably occur. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may be implicated in promoting metastasis of PCa after ADT. Our aim is to investigate the role and mechanism of CAF-derived exosomes involving in metastasis of PCa after ADT. Methods: PCa cells were co-cultured with exosomes derived from DHT-treated or ETOH-treated CAFs, and their migration and invasion differences under castration condition were examined both in vitro and in vivo. The miRNA profiles of exosomes derived from DHT-treated CAFs and matched ETOH-treated CAFs were analysed via next generation sequencing. The transfer of exosomal miR-146a-5p from CAFs to PCa cells was identified by fluorescent microscopy. The function and direct target gene of exosomal miR-146a-5p in PCa cells were confirmed through Transwell assays, luciferase reporter, and western blot. Findings: Compared with DHT-treated CAFs, exosomes derived from ETOH-treated CAFs dramatically increase migration and invasion of PCa cells under castration condition. MiR-146a-5p level in exosomes from ETOH-treated CAFs was significantly reduced. The loss of miR-146a-5p may strengthen the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to accelerate cancer cells metastasis by modulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERK pathway. Interpretation: CAFs-derived exosomal miR-146a-5p confers metastasis in PCa cells under ADT through the EGFR/ERK pathway and it may present a new treatment for PCa.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as modulators of gene expression. We previously showed that miR-146a-5p is upregulated in pancreatic islets treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and in pancreatic sections from organ donors with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Other studies have associated overexpression of miR-146a-5p with β cell apoptosis and impaired insulin secretion; however, the molecular mechanisms mediating these effects remain elusive. To investigate the role of miR-146a-5p in β cell function, we developed stable MIN6 cell lines transduced with lentiviral vectors to either overexpress or inhibit the expression of miR-146a-5p. Monoclonal cell populations were treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, IFNg, and TNFα) to model T1D in vitro. We found that overexpression of miR-146a-5p increased the cell death of MIN6 cells under inflammatory stress, whereas inhibition of miR-146a-5p reversed these effects. Additionally, inhibition of miR-146a-5p increased mitochondrial DNA copy number, respiration rate, and ATP production, suggesting that miR-146a-5p inhibition improves mitochondrial function. In support of this finding, we also observed that miR-146a-5p is enriched in the mitochondria of MIN6 cells treated with cytokines. Consistently, bioinformatic analysis of RNA sequencing data using MIN6 stable cells showed enrichment of pathways related to insulin secretion, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function when the expression levels of miR-146a-5p were altered. Overall, the findings from our study show for the first time that miR-146a-5p upregulation during inflammatory stress may promote β cell dysfunction and death by suppressing mitochondrial function.
Project description:We established stable miR-146a-5p overexpression T24 cells, then performed transcriptome profiling of miR-146a-5p overexpressing cells compared to control T24 cells to detect the molecular mechanisms of the miR-146a-5p’s effect on bladder cancer cells.
Project description:Inflammatory b-cell failure contributes to type 1 and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. Proinflammatory cytokines cause b-cell dysfunction and apoptosis, and lysine deacetylase inhibitors (KDACi) prevent b-cell failure in vitro and in vivo, in part by reducing NFkB transcriptional activity. Here we investigated the hypothesis that the protective effect of KDACi involves transcriptional regulation of microRNAs (miRs), potential new targets in diabetes treatment. Insulin-producing INS1 cells were cultured with or without the broad-spectrum KDACi Givinostat prior to exposure to the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1-b and IFN-g for 6h or 24h, and miR expression was profiled with miR array. A shortlist of ten miRs (miR-7a-2-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-96-5p, miR-101a-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-340-5p, miR-384-5p, and miR-455-5p) regulated by both cytokines and Givinostat was verified by qRT-PCR. MiR-146a-5p was strongly regulated by cytokines and KDACi and analyzed further. MiR-146a-5p expression was induced by cytokines in rat and human islets. Cytokine-induced miR-146a-5p expression was specific for INS1 and β-TC3 cells, whereas α-TC1 cells exhibited a higher basal expression. Transfection of INS1 cells with miR-146a-5p reduced the activity of NFκB and iNOS promoters, decreased NO production, and decreased protein levels of iNOS and its own direct target TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6). MiR-146a-5p was elevated in diabetes-prone BB-DP rat pancreas at diabetes onset, suggesting that miR-146a-5p could play a role in type 1 diabetes development. The miR array of cytokine-exposed INS1 cells rescued by KDACi revealed several other miRs potentially involved in cytokine-induced b-cell apoptosis, demonstrating the strength of this approach.
Project description:To identify pathways and processes driving the observed hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging-like phenotypes in miR-146a-/- vs. WT, we performed RNA-seq gene expression profiling of Lin- Sca-1+ c-Kit+ (LSK) cells isolated from miR-146a-/- or WT mouse bone marrow (BM). Differential expression analysis and EnrichmentMap network analysis identified cytokine signalling and immune pathways as potential drivers of aging-like alterations in miR-146a-/- HSC proliferation and differentiation.
Project description:Breast cancer (BC) is a commonly identified life-threatening type of cancer and a major cause of death among women worldwide. Several microRNAs (miRs), including miR-143-5p, have been reported to be vital for regulating hallmarks of cancer; however, the effect of miR-143-5p on BC requires further exploration. The present study performed bioinformatics analysis on GSE42072 and GSE41922 datasets from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify miR-143-5p expression patterns. Furthermore, miR-143-5p expression was detected in BC cell lines and tissues via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Post-transfection with miR-143-5p mimics, Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation and Transwell assays were performed to explore the effects of miR-143-5p on BC cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. The association of miR-143-5p with the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-associated glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) pathway was explored via western blotting, immunofluorescence and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The present study detected high expression of miR-143-5p in BC tissue of the GSE42072 and serum of the GSE41922 datasets by GEO chip analysis. Additionally, the expression levels of miR-143-5p were decreased in BC tissues compared with those in adjacent healthy tissues, and low miR-143-5p expression was associated with a poorer prognosis and shorter survival time in patients with BC. In vitro, miR-143-5p expression levels were decreased in BC cells, and transfection with miR-143-5p mimics suppressed BC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration. Furthermore, miR-143-5p targeted the HIF-1α-related GLUT1 pathway, and inhibited HIF-1α and GLUT1 expression. Additionally, HIF-1α agonists reversed the miR-143-5p-induced inhibition during tumorigenesis. In conclusion, miR-143-5p exhibited low expression in BC tissues, and suppressed BC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration. Moreover, the antitumor effects of miR-143-5p targeted the HIF-1α-related GLUT1 pathway.