Project description:The availability of complete genome sequences of H. pylori 26695 has provided a wealth of information enabling us to carry out in silico studies to identify new molecular targets for pharmaceutical treatment. In order to construe the structural and functional information of complete proteome, use of computational methods are more relevant since these methods are reliable and provide a solution to the time consuming and expensive experimental methods. Out of 1590 predicted protein coding genes in H. pylori, experimentally determined structures are available for only 145 proteins in the PDB. In the absence of experimental structures, computational studies on the three dimensional (3D) structural organization would help in deciphering the protein fold, structure and active site. Functional annotation of each protein was carried out based on structural fold and binding site based ligand association. Most of these proteins are uncharacterized in this proteome and through our annotation pipeline we were able to annotate most of them. We could assign structural folds to 464 uncharacterized proteins from an initial list of 557 sequences. Of the 1195 known structural folds present in the SCOP database, 411 (34% of all known folds) are observed in the whole H. pylori 26695 proteome, with greater inclination for domains belonging to ?/? class (36.63%). Top folds include P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases (22.6%), TIM barrel (16.7%), transmembrane helix hairpin (16.05%), alpha-alpha superhelix (11.1%) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases (10.7%).
Project description:Methyltransferases (MTases) of procaryotes affect general cellular processes such as mismatch repair, regulation of transcription, replication, and transposition, and in some cases may be essential for viability. As components of restriction-modification systems, they contribute to bacterial genetic diversity. The genome of Helicobacter pylori strain 26695 contains 25 open reading frames encoding putative DNA MTases. To assess which MTase genes are active, strain 26695 genomic DNA was tested for cleavage by 147 restriction endonucleases; 24 were found that did not cleave this DNA. The specificities of 11 expressed MTases and the genes encoding them were identified from this restriction data, combined with the known sensitivities of restriction endonucleases to specific DNA modification, homology searches, gene cloning and genomic mapping of the methylated bases m(4)C, m(5)C, and m(6)A.
Project description:Dear Sir or Madam, we report an in-depth proteogenomics study of Helicobacter pylori strain 26695 and provide the supporting MS data via ProteomExchange. The study includes 2 biological replicates with 6 different datasets: G1: in-gel digestion with trypsin, replicate 1 G2: in-gel digestion with trypsin, replicate 2 T1: SEC fractionation of low molecular weight (LMW) proteins and subsequent trypsin digestion, replicate 1 T2: SEC fractionation of LMW proteins and subsequent trypsin digestion, replicate 2 A1: SEC fractionation of LMW proteins and subsequent AspN digestion, replicate 1 A2: SEC fractionation of LMW proteins and subsequent AspN digestion, replicate 2 L1: SEC fractionation of LMW proteins and subsequent LysC digestion, replicate 1 L2: SEC fractionation of LMW proteins and subsequent LysC digestion, replicate 2 In our proteogenomics approach, we could identify four previously missing protein annotations and were able to correct sequences of six protein coding regions. Furthermore we identified signal peptidase cleavage sites for 72 different proteins. MGFs were generated by Maxquant 1.1 [1] using recalibration of peptide parent masses. For PRIDE (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride) submission, we made an additional database search with Mascot and X!Tandem using the SearchGUI [2]. Therefore we searched against a NCBI database of H. pylori strain 26695 complemented with the sequence corrections, signal peptide cleavage sites and missing annotations with the same configurations as described in materials and methods. For pride xml export we used the software PeptideShaker (http://code.google.com/p/peptide-shaker/). The complemented database has entries which will be submitted to the UniProtKB via SPIN. The entries have the according SPIN number as accession number. The NCBI accession numbers for the shortened sequences due to signal peptide cleavage are extended with “_1”. The fasta database is added to the submission. For additional information, please contact me: stephan.mueller@ufz.de Yours sincerely, Stephan Mueller References: [1] Cox J, Neuhauser N, Michalski A, Scheltema RA, Olsen JV, Mann M. Andromeda: a peptide search engine integrated into the MaxQuant environment. Journal of proteome research. 2011;10:1794-805. [2] Vaudel M, Barsnes H, Berven FS, Sickmann A, Martens L. SearchGUI: An open-source graphical user interface for simultaneous OMSSA and X!Tandem searches. Proteomics. 2011;11:996-9.
Project description:O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (AAR) is a small metabolic molecule that is generated during NAD-dependent deacetylation by Sir2. Sir2 regulates gene expression, DNA repair, and genome stability. chromatin affinity-precipitation (ChAP) method was used to detect the chromatin fragments at which small molecules interact with binding partners. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of Sir3 and of Sir2, respectively, applied with tilling array chip (ChIP on chip of Sir3 and of Sir2, respectively) and Chromatin affinity-precipitation of AAR applied with tilling array chip (ChAP on chip of AAR ) analysis demonstrated that an extended spreading of Sir3 and of AAR, but not Sir2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ysa1 deleted cells compared with those in wild type cells
Project description:With the rise of bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics, re-purposing of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs currently used to treat non-bacteria related diseases as new leads for antibacterial drug discovery has become an attractive alternative. Ethoxzolamide (EZA), an FDA-approved diuretic acting as a human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is known to kill the gastric pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori in vitro via an, as yet, unknown mechanism. To date, EZA activity and resistance have been investigated for only one H. pylori strain, P12. We have now performed a susceptibility and resistance study with H. pylori strains SS1 and 26695. Mutants resistant to EZA were isolated, characterized and their genomes sequenced. Resistance-conferring mutations were confirmed by backcrossing the mutations into the parent strain. As with P12, resistance to EZA in strains SS1 and 26695 does not develop easily, since the rate of spontaneous resistance acquisition was less than 10-8. Acquisition of resistance was associated with mutations in 3 genes in strain SS1, and in 6 different genes in strain 26695, indicating that EZA targets multiple systems. All resistant isolates had mutations affecting cell wall synthesis and control of gene expression. EZA's potential for treating duodenal ulcers has already been demonstrated. Our findings suggest that EZA may be developed into a novel anti-H. pylori drug.
Project description:HP0593 DNA-(N(6)-adenine)-methyltransferase (HP0593 MTase) is a member of a Type III restriction-modification system in Helicobacter pylori strain 26695. HP0593 MTase has been cloned, overexpressed and purified heterologously in Escherichia coli. The recognition sequence of the purified MTase was determined as 5'-GCAG-3'and the site of methylation was found to be adenine. The activity of HP0593 MTase was found to be optimal at pH 5.5. This is a unique property in context of natural adaptation of H. pylori in its acidic niche. Dot-blot assay using antibodies that react specifically with DNA containing m6A modification confirmed that HP0593 MTase is an adenine-specific MTase. HP0593 MTase occurred as both monomer and dimer in solution as determined by gel-filtration chromatography and chemical-crosslinking studies. The nonlinear dependence of methylation activity on enzyme concentration indicated that more than one molecule of enzyme was required for its activity. Analysis of initial velocity with AdoMet as a substrate showed that two molecules of AdoMet bind to HP0593 MTase, which is the first example in case of Type III MTases. Interestingly, metal ion cofactors such as Co(2+), Mn(2+), and also Mg(2+) stimulated the HP0593 MTase activity. Preincubation and isotope partitioning analyses clearly indicated that HP0593 MTase-DNA complex is catalytically competent, and suggested that DNA binds to the MTase first followed by AdoMet. HP0593 MTase shows a distributive mechanism of methylation on DNA having more than one recognition site. Considering the occurrence of GCAG sequence in the potential promoter regions of physiologically important genes in H. pylori, our results provide impetus for exploring the role of this DNA MTase in the cellular processes of H. pylori.