ABSTRACT: High-throughput transcriptome analysis of liver and pituitary gland of Hereford, Polish Holstein-Frisian, Polish Red cattle breeds. transcriptome
Project description:High-throughput transcriptome analysis of liver and pituitary gland of Hereford, Polish Holstein-Frisian, Polish Red cattle breeds. transcriptome
Project description:The aim of the study was to identify genes which are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood nuclear cells of two breeds of cattle (Holstein-Friesian and Polish Red) and cervine in different points in their physiological states (dry-off period, peak of lactation) RNA from peripheral blood nuclear cells taken from cattle and cervine in peak lactation and dry period were hybridized to Agilent two color microarrays with a common reference. There were four Holstein-Friesian cattle, four Polish Red cattle and four deer investigated. The whole blood was drawn in two time point from each animal – during dry period and peak lactation. This means that there were six research groups (Holstein-Friesian cattle in dry period and Holstein-Friesian cattle in peak lactation; Polish Red cattle in dry period and Polish Red cattle in peak lactation; Deer in dry period and Deer in peak lactation). Using Gene Spring Software (one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD Post-hoc test) three lists of differentially expressed transcripts were obtained: a list of 576 transcripts which differ deer in dry period and in peak lactation, a list of 437 transcripts which differ Holstein-Friesian cattle in dry period and in peak lactation and a list of 158 transcripts which differ Polish Red cattle in dry period and in peak lactation.
Project description:The aim of the study was to identify genes which are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood nuclear cells of two breeds of cattle (Holstein-Friesian and Polish Red) and cervine in different points in their physiological states (dry-off period, peak of lactation)
Project description:Tropical theileriosis in a cattle disease of global economic importance, caused by the tick-borne protozoan parasite Theileria annulata. Conventional control strategies are failing to contain the disease and an attractive alternative is the use of pre-existing genetic resistance or tolerance. However, tropical theileriosis tolerant cattle are less productive than some susceptible breeds. To combine resistance and production traits requires an understanding of the mechanisms involved in resistance. Therefore, we have compared the response of monocytes derived from tolerant (Sahiwals, Bos indicus) and susceptible (Holstein-Friesians, B. taurus) cattle to in vitro infection with T. annulata. Over 150 genes exhibited breed-specific differential expression during the course of infection and nearly one third were differentially expressed in resting cells, implying that there are inherent differences between monocytes from the breeds. Fifty sequences currently only match ESTs or are unique to the library used to generate the microarray. The differential expression of a selection of genes was validated by quantitative RT-PCR, e.g. CD9, prion protein and signal-regulatory protein alpha. A large proportion of the differentially expressed genes encode proteins expressed on the plasma membrane or in the extracellular space and cell adhesion was one of the major Gene Ontology biological processes identified. We therefore hypothesise that the breed-specific tolerance of Sahiwal cattle compared to Holstein-Friesians is due to the interaction of infected cells with other immune cells, which influences the immune response generated against T. annulata infection. The BoMP microarray is available from the ARK-Genomics facility (www.ark-genomics.org).
Project description:This experiment was undertaken to document changes in gene expression in the skin of tick-resistant Brahman (Bos indicus) and tick-susceptible Holstein-Friesian (Bos taurus) cattle prior to, and following, infestation with the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Experiment Overall Design: RNA was extracted from skin samples of tick-naïve cattle (animals with no previous R.microplus exposure) and tick-infested cattle after a period of successive, heavy infestations with R. microplus. Skin samples taken from tick-infested animals were taken at sites where tick larvae (approximately 24 h old) were attached to the skin sample. Skin samples were of 8 mm diameter and full skin thickness (approximately 10 mm). RNA samples from 12 animals (3 tick-naive Holstein-Friesian, 3 tick-naive Brahman, 3 tick-infested Holstein-Friesian and 3 tick-infested Brahman) were processed and hybridised to individual slides.
Project description:This trial was undertaken to examine the perhipheral cellular and antibody response of cattle following infestation with the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus. The information from the Affymetrix gene expression data is used to complement other measurements of immune function such as cellular subset composition and antibody response in cattle of high (Brahman) and low (Holstein-Friesian) resistance to the cattle tick. Experiment Overall Design: RNA was extracted from white blood cells during a period of successive, heavy infestations with R. microplus. RNA samples from 3 Holstein-Friesian and 3 Brahman animals were analysed on individual slides.
Project description:The Gayal (Bos frontalis) is a rare semi-domesticated cattle in China. Gayal has typical beef body shape and good meat production performance. Compared with other cattle species, it has the characteristics of tender meat and extremely low fat content. To explore the underlying mechanism responsible for the differences of meat quality between different breeds, the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) from Gayal and Banna cattle (Bos taurus) were investigated using transcriptome analysis. The gene expression profiling identified 638 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LM muscles from Gayal and Banna cattle. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment of biological functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the gene products were mainly involved in the PPAR signaling pathway, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathway. Protein-protein interaction（PPI） network analysis showed APOB, CYP7A1, THBS2, ITGAV, IGFBP1 and IGF2R may have great impact on meat quality characteristics of Gayal. Moreover, three transcription factors, FOXA2, NEUROG2, and RUNX1, which may affect meat quality by regulating the expression of genes related to muscle growth and development have also been found. In summary, our research reveals the molecular mechanisms that cause Gayal meat quality characteristics. It will contribute to improving meat quality of cattle through molecular breeding.
