A new axis linking diabetes to cancer: Glucose regulates tumor suppressor TET2 and 5hmC through AMPK
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA341572 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR4119690.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR4119691.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR4119692.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR4119693.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR4119694.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Estrogen receptor-alpha (ER) drives tumour development and metastasis in ER positive (ER+) breast cancer. GATA3 is a transcription factor that has been closely linked to ER function, but the role of GATA3 in ER-transcriptional activity is not clear. We sought to identify the contribution of GATA3 to the ER complex, by conducting quantitative multiplexed rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of endogenous proteins (qPLEX-RIME), to assess changes to the ER complex in response to GATA3 depletion. Unexpectedly, very few proteins were dissociated from the ER complex in the absence of GATA3, with the only major change being loss of TET2 in the ER complex. In breast cancer cells and Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) tissue, TET2 binding events were shown to constitute a near-total subset of ER binding events, and loss of TET2 was functionally associated with reduced activation of proliferative pathways. To investigate the TET2-ER relationship, the role of TET2 in regulating DNA modifications in ER+ breast cancer cells was examined. TET2 knockdown did not appear to result in changes to global DNA methylation, however, oxidation of methylated DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was significantly reduced after TET2 depletion and these events occurred at ER enhancers. These findings implicate TET2 in the production and maintenance of 5hmC at ER sites, providing a potential mechanism for TET2-mediated regulation of ER target genes.
2021-02-10 | PXD019438 | Pride
Project description:Ovarian cancer is one of the most common female cancers. In the quest of effective anti-cancer agents, this study explores the effects of wogonin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, on the viability and migration of A2780 and Kuramochi ovarian cancer cell lines. Our findings demonstrate that wogonin not only impedes cancer cell growth and mobility in both in vitro and in vivo but also significantly enhances the cytotoxic efficacy of cisplatin. Mechanistic investigations reveal that wogonin suppresses genes associated with proliferation and EMT and upregulates metabolic pathways, particularly the AMPK signaling, which is crucial for increasing 5hmC levels, highlighting wogonin's role in promoting DNA demethylation through the stabilization of TET2. Our findings not only highlights the therapeutic potential of wogonin but also its preventative capability against ovarian cancer in individuals with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, who are at increased risk for ovarian cancer. This study highlights wogonin's dual functionality in ovarian cancer treatment and prevention, emphasizing its promising prospects for future oncological applications.
2024-06-16 | GSE261543 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2018-07-15 | GSE86376 | GEO
Project description:Ten-eleven translocation-2 (TET2) is a member of the methylcytosine dioxygenase family of enzymes implicated in cancer and in aging due to its role as a global epigenetic modifier. TET2 has a large N-terminal domain followed by a catalytic C-terminal. Previous reports have demonstrated that the catalytic domain remains active independent of the N-terminal domain. As such, the function of the N-terminus of this large protein remains poorly characterized. Here, we identify that several isoforms of the 14-3-3 family of proteins bind TET2. 14-3-3s bind TET2 when phosphorylated at serine 99 (S99). AMPK-mediated phosphorylation at S99 promotes TET2 stability and increases global DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. 14-3-3s’ interaction with TET2 serves to protect S99 phosphorylation. Disruption of this interaction leads to both reduced TET2 phosphorylation and decreased protein stability. Furthermore, we identify that the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) can interact with TET2 and dephosphorylates S99. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into the role of the N-terminal domain in TET2 regulation. Moreover, they demonstrate the dynamic nature of TET2 protein regulation that could have therapeutic implications for disease states resulting from reduced TET2 levels and/or activity.
2020-01-13 | PXD016160 | Pride
Project description:TET-mediated oxidation of 5-mC participates in both passive and active DNA demethylation, which exerts a significant influence on diverse biological processes. Mass spectrometry has identified multiple phosphorylation sites of TET2. However, the functions of these phosphosites and their corresponding kinases are mostly unknown. Here we showed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylates murine TET2 at the serine residue 97 (S97), enhances TET2 stability through promoting its binding to 14-3-3β. AMPK ablation resulted in decreased global 5-hmC levels at the myotube stages, severe differentiation defects of C2C12 cells and, significantly, total loss of expression of Pax7. Genome-wide analyses revealed increased DNA methylation at genic and enhancer regions of AMPK-null myoblasts and myotubes. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we showed that a novel enhancer, which is hypermethylated in AMPK-null cells, regulates Pax7 expression. The phospho-mimicking mutant, TET2-S97E, could partly rescue the differentiation defect in AMPK ablated C2C12 cells. Together, our data demonstrated that AMPK is a critical regulator of myogenesis, partly through phosphorylating TET2.
2019-06-06 | GSE126370 | GEO
Project description:TET-mediated oxidation of 5-mC participates in both passive and active DNA demethylation, which exerts a significant influence on diverse biological processes. Mass spectrometry has identified multiple phosphorylation sites of TET2. However, the functions of these phosphosites and their corresponding kinases are mostly unknown. Here we showed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylates murine TET2 at the serine residue 97 (S97), enhances TET2 stability through promoting its binding to 14-3-3β. AMPK ablation resulted in decreased global 5-hmC levels at the myotube stages, severe differentiation defects of C2C12 cells and, significantly, total loss of expression of Pax7. Genome-wide analyses revealed increased DNA methylation at genic and enhancer regions of AMPK-null myoblasts and myotubes. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we showed that a novel enhancer, which is hypermethylated in AMPK-null cells, regulates Pax7 expression. The phospho-mimicking mutant, TET2-S97E, could partly rescue the differentiation defect in AMPK ablated C2C12 cells. Together, our data demonstrated that AMPK is a critical regulator of myogenesis, partly through phosphorylating TET2.
2019-06-06 | GSE126369 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the influence of TET2 knock-down in lung cancer cell line, We performed 5hmC landscape analysis using data obtained from 5hmC-seq of HCC827 cell line and HCC827-TET2-KO cell line.
2024-03-13 | GSE222827 | GEO
Project description:Cytosine DNA bases can be methylated by DNA methyltransferases and subsequently oxidized by TET proteins. The resulting 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) are considered demethylation intermediates as well as stable epigenetic marks. To dissect the contribution of these cytosine modifying enzymes, we generated combinations of Tet knockout (KO) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and systematically measured protein and DNA modification levels at the transition from naive to primed pluripotency. Whereas the increase of genomic 5-methylcytosine (5mC) levels during exit from pluripotency correlated with an upregulation of the de novo DNA methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B, the subsequent oxidation steps turned out to be far more complex. The strong increase of oxidized cytosine bases (5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC) was accompanied by a drop in TET2 levels, yet the analysis of KO cells suggested that TET2 is responsible for most 5fC formation. The comparison of modified cytosine and enzyme levels in Tet KO cells revealed distinct and differentiation-dependent contributions of TET1 and TET2 to 5hmC and 5fC formation arguing against a processive mechanism of 5mC oxidation. The apparent independent steps of 5hmC and 5fC formation suggest yet to be identified mechanisms regulating TET activity and may constitute another layer of epigenetic regulation.
2020-07-24 | PXD019514 | Pride
Project description:The TET proteins TET1, TET2 and TET3 constitute a new family of dioxygenases that utilize molecular oxygen and the cofactors Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate to convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxy-methylcytosine (5hmC) and further oxidation products in DNA1-5. Here we show that Tet1 and Tet2 have distinct roles in regulating 5hmC deposition and gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC). Tet1 depletion in mESC primarily diminishes 5hmC levels at transcription start sites (TSS), whereas Tet2 depletion is mostly associated with decreased 5hmC in gene bodies relative to TSS. 5hmC is enriched at exon start and end sites, especially in exons that are highly expressed, and is significantly decreased upon Tet2 knockdown at the boundaries of high-expressed exons that are selectively regulated by Tet2. In differentiating murine B cells, Tet2 deficiency is associated with selective exon exclusion in the gene encoding the transmembrane phosphatase CD45. Tet2 depletion is associated with increased 5hmC and decreased 5mC at promoters/ TSS regions, possibly because of the redundant activity of Tet1. Together, these data indicate a complex interplay between Tet1 and Tet2 in mESC, and show that loss-of-function of a single TET protein does not necessarily lead to loss of 5hmC and a corresponding gain of 5mC, as generally assumed. The relation between Tet2 loss-of-function and selective changes in exon expression could potentially explain the frequent occurrence of both TET2 loss-of-function mutations and mutations in proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing in myeloid malignancies in humans. Gene and exon expression analysis in mESC, Tet1 knockdown mESC, and Tet2 knockdown mESC by RNA-sequencing. Mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mESC, Tet1 knockdown mESC, and Tet2 knockdown mESC by anti-CMS-seq. Mapping of methylcytosine in mESC, and Tet2 kd mESC by MeDIP-seq.
2014-01-16 | E-GEOD-50200 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The TET proteins TET1, TET2 and TET3 constitute a new family of dioxygenases that utilize molecular oxygen and the cofactors Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate to convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxy-methylcytosine (5hmC) and further oxidation products in DNA1-5. Here we show that Tet1 and Tet2 have distinct roles in regulating 5hmC deposition and gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC). Tet1 depletion in mESC primarily diminishes 5hmC levels at transcription start sites (TSS), whereas Tet2 depletion is mostly associated with decreased 5hmC in gene bodies relative to TSS. 5hmC is enriched at exon start and end sites, especially in exons that are highly expressed, and is significantly decreased upon Tet2 knockdown at the boundaries of high-expressed exons that are selectively regulated by Tet2. In differentiating murine B cells, Tet2 deficiency is associated with selective exon exclusion in the gene encoding the transmembrane phosphatase CD45. Tet2 depletion is associated with increased 5hmC and decreased 5mC at promoters/ TSS regions, possibly because of the redundant activity of Tet1. Together, these data indicate a complex interplay between Tet1 and Tet2 in mESC, and show that loss-of-function of a single TET protein does not necessarily lead to loss of 5hmC and a corresponding gain of 5mC, as generally assumed. The relation between Tet2 loss-of-function and selective changes in exon expression could potentially explain the frequent occurrence of both TET2 loss-of-function mutations and mutations in proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing in myeloid malignancies in humans. Gene and exon expression analysis in mESC, Tet1 knockdown mESC, and Tet2 knockdown mESC by RNA-sequencing. Mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mESC, Tet1 knockdown mESC, and Tet2 knockdown mESC by anti-CMS-seq. Mapping of methylcytosine in mESC, and Tet2 kd mESC by MeDIP-seq.
2014-01-16 | E-GEOD-50198 | biostudies-arrayexpress