Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA368814 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR5204530.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5204531.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5204532.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5204533.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5204534.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:SMYD5 regulates H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin to safeguard ES cell self-renewal and prevent spurious differentiation
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Project description:Epigenetic regulation of chromatin states is thought to control the self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, the roles of repressive histone modifications such as trimethylated histone lysine 20 (H4K20me3) in pluripotency and development are largely unknown. Here, we show that the histone lysine methyltransferase SMYD5 mediates H4K20me3 at heterochromatin regions. Depletion of SMYD5 leads to compromised self-renewal, including dysregulated expression of OCT4 targets, and perturbed differentiation. SMYD5 bound regions are enriched with repetitive DNA elements. Knockdown of SMYD5 results in a global decrease of H4K20me3 levels, a redistribution of heterochromatin constituents including H3K9me3/2, G9a, and HP1α, and de-repression of endogenous retroelements. A loss of SMYD5-dependent silencing of heterochromatin nearby genic regions leads to upregulated expression of lineage-specific genes, thus contributing to the decreased self-renewal and accelerated differentiation of SMYD5-depeleted ES cells. Altogether, these findings implicate a role for SMYD5 in regulating ES cell self-renewal and H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin.
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Project description:Epigenetic regulation of chromatin states is thought to control gene expression programs during lineage specification. However, the roles of repressive histone modifications such as trimethylated histone lysine 20 (H4K20me3) in development and genome stability are largely unknown. Here, we show that depletion of SMYD5, a H4K20me3 methyltransferase, leads to decreased H4K20me3 and H3K9me3 ChIP-Seq levels, and de-repression of endogenous LTR/LINE elements during differentiation. SMYD5 depletion results in chromosomal aberrations and the formation of transformed cells that exhibit decreased H4K20me3 and H3K9me3 levels and an expression signature consistent with multiple human cancers. Moreover, dysregulated gene expression in SMYD5 cancer cells is associated with LTR/ERV elements and decreased H4K20me3. These findings implicate an important role for SMYD5 in maintaining chromosome integrity by regulating heterochromatin and repressing endogenous repetitive DNA elements during differentiation.
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Project description:Heterochromatin, which is a densely packed chromatin state that is transcriptionally silent, is a critical regulator of gene expression. However, it is unclear how the repressive histone modification, H4K20me3, or the histone methyltransferase, SUV420H2, regulate embryonic stem (ES) cell fate by patterning the epigenetic landscape. Here, we report that depletion of SUV420H2 leads to a near complete loss of H4K20me3 genome-wide, dysregulated gene expression, and delayed ES cell differentiation. SUV420H2-bound regions are enriched with repetitive DNA elements, which are de-repressed in SUV420H2 knockout ES cells. Moreover, SUV420H2 regulation of H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin controls chromatin architecture, including fine-scale interactions between gene regulatory elements in pluripotent ES cells. SUV420H2 plays a critical role in stabilizing the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin landscape of ES cells, where loss of SUV420H2 results in A/B compartment switching, perturbed chromatin insulation, and altered chromatin interactions of pericentric heterochromatin, indicative of localized decondensation. In addition, depletion of SUV420H2 resulted in compromised interactions between H4K20me3 and gene regulatory regions. Together, these findings describe a novel role for SUV420H2 in regulating the chromatin landscape of ES cells.
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