Project description:The purpose of this study was to identify potential serum microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of cartilage degeneration comparing preclinical mouse models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis.
Project description:Osteoarthritis (OA) of spine (facet joints; FJ) is one of the major causes of severe low back pain and disability worldwide. The degeneration of facet cartilage is a hallmark of FJ OA. However, endogenous mechanisms that initiate degeneration of facet cartilage are unknown and there are no disease-modifying therapies to stop FJ OA. In this study we performed microRNA array analysis to identify differentially expressed microRNAs in facet cartilage from patients with FJ OA compared to facet cartilage from patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
Project description:Osteoarthritis is characterized by degeneration of cartilage and bone in the synovial joints. Recent findings suggest that inflammation may play a role in osteoarthritis, with synovitis being associated with the clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis. Furthermore, we have found that levels of inflammatory complement components are abnormally high in the synovial fluid of individuals with osteoarthritis. To determine whether synovial membranes could be a source of complement and other inflammatory molecules in osteoarthritic joints, we characterized the expression of genes in synovial membranes from patients with early-stage or end-stage osteoarthritis. Samples of synovial membrane were obtained from the suprapatellar pouch of patients with osteoarthritis who were treated at the Hospital for Special Surgery. Specifically, samples were from 10 patients with early-stage knee osteoarthritis who were undergoing arthroscopic procedures for degenerative meniscal tears (with documented cartilage degeneration but no full-thickness cartilage loss, Kellgren Lawrence score </=2), and from 9 patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis ( diffuse full thickness cartilage erosion) who were undergoing total knee joint replacement. Raw data from microarray analysis of healthy synovial membranes, which were run on the same platform and array as our osteoarthritic samples, were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (accession number GSE12021) and used for comparison. The 19 new Samples of this Series were analyzed (RMA) together with 7 previously submitted healthy individual Samples (GSM175810, GSM175812, GSM176290, GSM176291, GSM176292, GSM176268, GSM176269). The complete RMA data are provided as a supplementary file on the Series record. The GSE12021 reanalyzed data are also provided as a supplementary file on the Series record. GSE32317_12genes.txt includes data from figure 1 of the paper.
Project description:Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the significant risk factors for hip osteoarthritis. In order to investigate the factors that induce early articular cartilage degeneration of the hip joints that are exposed to reduced dynamic loads arising from hip dislocation , we created rodent models of hip dislocation by swaddling. Notably, expression of periostin (Postn) was increased in the acetabular articular cartilage of the DDH models; Postn was a candidate gene associated with early articular cartilage degeneration. We showed that early articular cartilage degeneration was suppressed in Postn-/- DDH mice. Furthermore, a microgravity environment induced the expression of Postn in chondrocytes through STAT3 signaling. Postn induced catabolic factors, interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase 3, in articular chondrocytes through integrin-nuclear factor κB signaling. Additionally, interleukin-6 stimulated Postn expression through STAT3 signaling. Thus, Postn plays a critical role in early articular cartilage degeneration associated with hip dislocation.
Project description:Notch signaling modulates skeletal formation and osteoarthritis (OA) development through induction of catabolic factors. Here we examined functional roles of Hes1, the representative downstream transcription factor of Notch signaling, during these processes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) identified resposive elements of Hes1 around gene loci of Mmp13 and Adamts5, which were catabolic enzymes of cartilage matrix. Examination of HES1 binding site in human chondrogenic SW1353 cells.