Project description:Besides promoting inflammation by mobilizing lipid mediators, secreted phospholipase A2 group IIA (sPLA2-IIA) prevents bacterial infection by degrading bacterial membranes. Here we show that despite the restricted intestinal expression of sPLA2-IIA in BALB/c mice, its genetic deletion leads to amelioration of cancer and exacerbation of psoriasis in distal skin. Intestinal expression of sPLA2-IIA is reduced after antibiotics treatment or under germ-free conditions, suggesting its upregulation by gut microbiota. Metagenome, transcriptome and metabolome analyses have revealed that sPLA2-IIA deficiency alters the gut microbiota, accompanied by notable changes in the intestinal expression of genes related to immunity and metabolism as well as the levels of various blood metabolites and fecal bacterial lipids, suggesting that sPLA2-IIA contributes to shaping of the gut microbiota. The skin phenotypes in Pla2g2a–/– mice are lost when they are co-housed with littermate wild-type mice, resulting in mixing of the microbiota between the genotypes, or when they are housed in a more stringent pathogen-free facility, where Pla2g2a expression in wild-type mice is low and the gut microbial compositions in both genotypes are nearly identical. Thus, our results highlight a new aspect of sPLA2-IIA as a modulator of gut microbiota, perturbation of which affects distal skin responses.
2022-01-01 | GSE182283 | GEO
Project description:Metagenomic data from feces samples of farmed mink (Neovison vison)
Project description:The early-life intestinal microbiota plays a key role in shaping host immune system development. We found that a single early-life antibiotic course (1PAT) accelerated Type 1 diabetes (T1D) development in male NOD mice. The single course had strong and persistent effects on the intestinal microbiome, selecting for a highly metabolically active metagenome, with altered hepatic and serum metabolites. The exposure led to differential ileal and hepatic histone modification, and perturbed ileal gene expression, strongly affecting the normal maturational pattern. Earliest effects involved specific genes in innate immune pathways, with later effects on adaptive immunity. Microbiome analysis revealed four potential T1D-protective taxa and four T1D-accelerating taxa, and a network linking specific microbial taxa to differences in ileal gene expression was identified. This simplified animal model has improved understanding of the mechanisms by which early-life gut microbiome perturbations alter host intestinal responses, contributing to T1D.