Project description:Primary objectives: The primary objective is to investigate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) via deep sequencing for mutation detection and by whole genome sequencing for copy number analyses before start (baseline) with regorafenib and at defined time points during administration of regorafenib for treatment efficacy in colorectal cancer patients in terms of overall survival (OS).
Primary endpoints: circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) via deep sequencing for mutation detection and by whole genome sequencing for copy number analyses before start (baseline) with regorafenib and at defined time points during administration of regorafenib for treatment efficacy in colorectal cancer patients in terms of overall survival (OS).
Project description:Whole genome sequencing of CTVT, breed dogs, and wild canids reveals pathways that are important in cancer cell survival. Comparison of these mutations with breed dogs shows that the original tumor came from a dog very similar to one of the modern Arctic breeds.
Project description:Whole genome sequencing of CTVT, breed dogs, and wild canids reveals pathways that are important in cancer cell survival. Comparison of these mutations with breed dogs shows that the original tumor came from a dog very similar to one of the modern Arctic breeds. DNA was collected from pedigreed dogs of the Alaskan Malamute (AMAL) and Siberian Husky (HUSK) breeds living in North America. SNPs were genotyed using the Illumina CanineHD SNP chip. These SNPs were compared to published data and seqeunced mutations from CTVT by principal component alnalysis to identify the breed of the CTVT originator.
Project description:Here we investigate DNA methylation variation in Swedish Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, demonstrating that methylation of transposable elements is temperature sensitive and associated with genetic polymorphism in both cis and trans, whereas gene body methylation is highly correlated with climate of origin and associated with genetic polymorphism in trans that shows evidence of local adaptation. While genome-wide surveys of naturally occurring DNA methylation have been published previously, the degree of genetic control revealed here is unprecedented. Furthermore, the observation that DNA methylation is associated with climate, and is apparently adaptively important, is completely novel. Bisulfite sequencing of 152 Swedish Arabidobsis accessions grown at 10 C and 121 grown at 16 C
Project description:Study the association of DNA-methylation and metabolic memory by examing DNA-methylation alternation between cases (received conventional therapy in DCCT and showing retinopathy or albuminuria progression at EDIC year-10) and Controls (in DCCT intensive treatment group and did not have retinopathy or nephropathy progression during EDIC). Bisulphite converted DNA from the 63 whole blood samples (32 Cases and 31 Controls) were hybridised to the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip arrays.
Project description:Canine gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a common life-threatening condition occurring primarily in large and giant breeds with a 3.9% to 36.7% lifetime risk. GDV is a complex disease with risk factors including age, diet, behavior, family history, and genetics. The genetic correlates of GDV have not previously been systematically explored. We undertook multiplatform genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of 253 dogs including 106 healthy dogs and 147 dogs with at least one GDV episode. The study included ten dog breeds enriched for Borzoi, German Shepherd (GSD), Great Dane, and Standard Poodle. SNP array genotyping was performed on constitutional DNA from all 241 samples to identify GDV-associated SNPs and CNVs. To increase the coverage of our study we performed imputation analysis of the SNP data as well as additional whole genome sequencing (WGS) on a subset of 33 dogs (15 healthy dogs and 18 GDV patients from the three most represented breeds). Twenty-one patients were genotyped by both SNP and WGS platforms. The GWAS was conducted across breeds as well as on specific breeds using a mixed linear model adjusting for relatedness, population structure and sex. After genome-wide Bonferroni correction, we identified a significant protective GDV-associated SNP, rs851737064, occurring in an intergenic region, across all breeds. The signal was most significant in Collies, German Shorthaired Pointers, and Great Danes. Subsequent focused analysis across these three breeds identified 12 additional independent, protective and deleterious SNPs with significant GDV association. Additional GWAS conducted on Borzoi, GSD and Great Dane yielded significant genome-wide GDV associations in 11 independent SNPs, while that in Borzoi alone identified 2 independent GDV-associated SNPs. We then used WGS data to validate the imputation analysis. Notable significant SNPs included genes involved in gastric tone and motility including VHL, NALCN, and PRKCZ. From the WGS data we also detected two independent GDV-associated SNPs in Borzoi, GSD and Great Dane breeds on an intergenic region on chromosome 7 not covered by previous analyses. These data provide important new information regarding canine GDV risk factors and facilitate generation of hypotheses regarding the genetic and molecular underpinnings this syndrome.
Project description:Proliferative retinopathy is associated with abnormal vascular development (neovascularisation) of the retina. In mouse, the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model mimics the proliferative retinopathy found in extreme premature babies (Retinopathy of Prematurity) and in patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy. Using Drop-seq, we performed single-cell RNAseq analysis of mouse retina under physiological, normoxic (NORM) condition and retina under OIR condition, at postnatal day 14 and day 17, periods associated with a peak of neovascularisation. We used both whole retina cells or rod (CD73) depleted retina cells. Sorting conditions (whole vs. rod-depleted) derived count matrices were aligned with Seurat CCA and processed for dimensionality reduction and clustering.
Project description:The goal of the study was to identify genes whose aberrant expression can contribute to diabetic retinopathy. We determined differential response in gene expression to high glucose in lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from matched type 1 diabetic individuals with and without retinopathy. Those genes exhibiting the largest difference in glucose response between diabetic subjects with and without retinopathy were assessed for association to diabetic retinopathy utilizing genotype data from a meta-genome-wide association study. All genetic variants associated with gene expression (expression QTLs; eQTLs) of the glucose response genes were tested for association with diabetic retinopathy. We detected an enrichment of the glucose response gene eQTLs among small association p-values for diabetic retinopathy. Among these, we identified FLCN as a susceptibility gene for diabetic retinopathy. Expression of FLCN in response to glucose is greater in individuals with diabetic retinopathy compared to diabetic individuals without retinopathy. Three large, independent cohorts of diabetic individuals revealed an enhanced association of FLCN eQTL to diabetic retinopathy. Mendelian randomization confirmed a direct positive effect of increased FLCN expression on retinopathy in diabetic individuals. Together, our studies integrating genetic association and gene expression implicate FLCN as a disease gene in diabetic retinopathy.