Project description:In order to research the ginseng leaf-stem gene expression profiles of and dig out its function genes in the leaf-expansion period, the transcriptomic sequencing technology was set up the first time for five years the transcription of the Panax ginseng leaf-stem in the leaf-expansion period.
Project description:Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) has long been cultivated as an important medicinal plant. Drought results from the moderate water loss, which primarily impairs the growth of ginseng and reduction of yield loss. However, basis of biological clues to understanding the accurate mechanisms related to drought stress in proteome level are still elusive. Therefore, we carried out label-free quantitative proteomic analysis using ginseng roots subjected to drought stress which was grown at less than 10% soil moisture for two weeks, compared with normal ginseng which was grown at 25% soil moisture. The acquired proteins were carried out label-free proteomic analysis using LC-MS/MS. This approach led to the identification of total 2,471 proteins, and out of 195 proteins showed significant modulation. Functional classification revealed that proteins related to secondary metabolites, calcium signaling, and photosynthesis were enriched in control sample (cluster_1), while proteins associated with stress responsive, redox, electron transport, and protein synthesis were mainly dominated in cluster_2 (drought stress condition). Taken together, our results provided an overview of the drought-induced proteomic changes in ginseng root, and it is correlated with physiological changes, contributing to reveal potential marker at proteome level in ginseng.
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi contribute to plant nutrient uptake in systems managed with reduced fertilizer inputs such as organic agriculture and natural ecosystems by extending the effective size of the rhizosphere and delivering mineral. Connecting the molecular study of the AM symbiosis with agriculturally- and ecologically-relevant field environments remains a challenge and is a largely unexplored research topic. This study utilized a cross-disciplinary approach to examine the transcriptional, metabolic, and physiological responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) AM roots to a localized patch of nitrogen (N). A wild-type mycorrhizal tomato and a closely-related nonmycorrhizal mutant were grown at an organic farm in soil that contained an active AM extraradical hyphal network and soil microbe community. The majority of genes regulated by upon enrichment of nitrogen were similarly expressed in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots, suggesting that the primary response to an enriched N patch is mediated by mycorrhiza-independent root processes. However where inorganic N concentrations in the soil were low, differential regulation of key tomato N transport and assimilation genes indicate a transcriptome shift towards mycorrhiza-mediated N uptake over direct root supplied N. Furthermore, two novel mycorrhizal-specific tomato ammonium transporters were also found to be regulated under low N conditions. A conceptual model is presented integrating the transcriptome response to low N and highlighting the mycorrhizal-specific ammonium transporters. These results enhance our understanding of the role of the AM symbiosis in sensing and response to an enriched N patch, and demonstrate that transcriptome analyses of complex plant-microbe-soil interactions provide a global snapshot of biological processes relevant to soil processes in organic agriculture. 30 samples were analyzed. There were 2 genotypes (wildtype and mutant) and 3 treatments (two N treatments and a water control) for a total of 6 groups. Each group had 5 biological replicates.
Project description:Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is one of the most popular medicinal herbs. In order to research the genes that related to the flowering period of ginseng, and find out the antifungal proteins and transcription factors that combat various biotic and abiotic stress, a cDNA sample was prepared from the flowering period ginseng root of a five-year-old plant and sequenced using the Illumina sequencing platform. In this study, we produced nearly 40 million sequencing reads. These reads were assembled into 134,045 contigs using Trinity software (mean size: 282 bp). Based on a similarity search with known proteins, we identified 79,307 sequences with a cut-off E-value of 10-5. Assembled sequences were then annotated using gene ontology (GO) terms, clusters of orthologous group (COG) classifications and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways respectively.
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi contribute to plant nutrient uptake in systems managed with reduced fertilizer inputs such as organic agriculture and natural ecosystems by extending the effective size of the rhizosphere and delivering mineral. Connecting the molecular study of the AM symbiosis with agriculturally- and ecologically-relevant field environments remains a challenge and is a largely unexplored research topic. This study utilized a cross-disciplinary approach to examine the transcriptional, metabolic, and physiological responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) AM roots to a localized patch of nitrogen (N). A wild-type mycorrhizal tomato and a closely-related nonmycorrhizal mutant were grown at an organic farm in soil that contained an active AM extraradical hyphal network and soil microbe community. The majority of genes regulated by upon enrichment of nitrogen were similarly expressed in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots, suggesting that the primary response to an enriched N patch is mediated by mycorrhiza-independent root processes. However where inorganic N concentrations in the soil were low, differential regulation of key tomato N transport and assimilation genes indicate a transcriptome shift towards mycorrhiza-mediated N uptake over direct root supplied N. Furthermore, two novel mycorrhizal-specific tomato ammonium transporters were also found to be regulated under low N conditions. A conceptual model is presented integrating the transcriptome response to low N and highlighting the mycorrhizal-specific ammonium transporters. These results enhance our understanding of the role of the AM symbiosis in sensing and response to an enriched N patch, and demonstrate that transcriptome analyses of complex plant-microbe-soil interactions provide a global snapshot of biological processes relevant to soil processes in organic agriculture.
Project description:Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to identify genes changed in ginseng upon Botrytis cinerea △BcSpd1 treatment. The goal of the work is to find interesting genes involved in ginseng in response to fungi induction. The object is to reveal the molecular mechanism of ginseng defense induced by Botrytis cinerea △BcSpd1 .
Project description:Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to identify genes changed in ginseng upon Colletotrichum panacicola infection. The goal of the work is to find interesting genes involved in ginseng in response to fungi induction. The object is to reveal the molecular mechanism of ginseng disease development caused by Colletotrichum panacicola.