P110α of PI3K is Indispensable for Quiescence Exit in Adult Muscle Satellite Cells
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PROVIDER: PRJNA431162 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Adult muscle stem cells (MuSC) are quiescent with a localization between myofibers and basal lamina. Upon injury, MuSC exit quiescence, reenter cell cycle, expand and differentiate for muscle regeneration. By using genetic mouse model, we identified p110α/mTORC1 signaling as a indispensable pathway that permits quiescence exit and cell cycle reentry. In order to dig out the downstream effectors, we compared the transcriptome of freshly isolated MuSC from Ctrl (p110α-f/+:R26-YFP/YFP:Pax7-CreER/CreER) to MuSC-specific p110α-null (iKO, p110α-f/f:R26-YFP/YFP:Pax7-CreER/CreER) mice by RNA-sequencing, and AP1 target genes were dramatically down-regulated in iKO MuSC. Restoration of Jun could significantly rescue the cell cycle reentry defect in iKO MuSC. In summary, we provided a p110α/mTORC1/Jun axis required for quiecence exit and cell cycle reentry of MuSC.
2018-02-25 | GSE109472 | GEO
Project description:Naïve T cells respond to antigen stimulation by exiting from quiescence into clonal expansion and functional differentiation, but the control mechanism is elusive. Here we describe that Raptor/mTORC1-dependent metabolic reprogramming is a central determinant of this transitional process. Loss of Raptor abrogates T cell priming and Th2 cell differentiation, although Raptor function is less important for continuous proliferation of actively cycling cells. mTORC1 coordinates multiple metabolic programs in T cells including glycolysis, lipid synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation to mediate antigen-triggered exit from quiescence. mTORC1 further links glucose metabolism to the initiation of Th2 differentiation by orchestrating cytokine receptor expression and cytokine responsiveness. Activation of Raptor/mTORC1 integrates T cell receptor (TCR) and CD28 co-stimulatory signals in antigen-stimulated T cells. Our studies identify a Raptor/mTORC1-dependent pathway linking signal-dependent metabolic reprogramming to quiescence exit, and this in turn coordinates lymphocyte activation and fate decisions in adaptive immunity. We used microarrays to explore the gene expression profiles differentially expressed in CD4+ T-cells from wild-type (WT) and CD4(cre) x Raptor(fl/fl) mice before and after stimulation with anti CD3/CD28 antibodies.
2014-01-27 | E-GEOD-51668 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Characterization of the riboproteome composition in quiescent cells and post-translational reactivation. To characterize ribosome heterogeneity during the exit from quiescence, the protein composition of ribosomal particles from stationary phase and nutrient-stimulated cells was assessed. A label-free quantitative mass spectrometry strategy was taken to compare quiescent yeast cells with cells that had been nutrient stimulated for 30 and 60 min. To this end, crude extracts from these cells were subjected to sucrose gradient centrifugation and three fractions free (F); monosome (M=80S + 60S + 40S) and polysome (P) were analyzed by nano-HPLC-MS/MS. A total of 528 proteins were identified.
2023-12-20 | PXD047386 | Pride
Project description:Adult mouse muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) are quiescent in uninjured muscles. Upon injury, MuSCs exit quiescence in vivo to become activated, re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate, and differentiate to repair the damaged muscles. It remains unclear which extrinsic cues and intrinsic signaling pathways regulate quiescence exit during MuSC activation. Here, we demonstrated that inducible MuSC-specific deletion of p110?, a catalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), rendered MuSCs unable to exit quiescence, resulting in severely impaired MuSC proliferation and muscle regeneration. Genetic reactivation of mTORC1, or knockdown of FoxOs, in p110?-null MuSCs partially rescued the above defects, making them key effectors downstream of PI3K in regulating quiescence exit. c-Jun was found to be a key transcriptional target of the PI3K/mTORC1 signaling axis essential for MuSC quiescence exit. Moreover, induction of a constitutively active PI3K in quiescent MuSCs resulted in spontaneous MuSC activation in uninjured muscles and subsequent depletion of the MuSC pool. Thus, PI3K-p110? is both necessary and sufficient for MuSCs to exit quiescence in response to activating signals.
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Project description:Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) must tightly regulate quiescence and proliferation. Single cell analysis has suggested a continuum of cell states as NSCs exit quiescence. Here we capture and characterize in vitro primed quiescent NSCs and identify LRIG1 as an important regulator. We show that BMP-4 signaling induces a dormant non-cycling quiescent state (d-qNSCs), whereas combined BMP-4/FGF-2 signalling induces a distinct primed quiescent state poised for cell cycle re-entry. Primed quiescent NSCs (p-qNSCs) are defined by high levels of LRIG1 and CD9, as well as an interferon response signature, and can efficiently engraft into the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) niche. Genetic disruption of Lrig1 in vivo within the SVZ NSCs leads an enhanced proliferation. Mechanistically, LRIG1 primes quiescent NSCs for cell cycle re-entry and EGFR responsiveness by enabling EGFR protein levels to increase but limiting signaling activation. LRIG1 is therefore an important functional regulator of NSC exit from quiescence.
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Project description:Foxp1 is indispensable for ductal morphogenesis and controls the exit of mammary stem cells from quiescence [RNA-seq and ChIP-seq]
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Project description:Naïve T cells respond to antigen stimulation by exiting from quiescence into clonal expansion and functional differentiation, but the control mechanism is elusive. Here we describe that Raptor/mTORC1-dependent metabolic reprogramming is a central determinant of this transitional process. Loss of Raptor abrogates T cell priming and Th2 cell differentiation, although Raptor function is less important for continuous proliferation of actively cycling cells. mTORC1 coordinates multiple metabolic programs in T cells including glycolysis, lipid synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation to mediate antigen-triggered exit from quiescence. mTORC1 further links glucose metabolism to the initiation of Th2 differentiation by orchestrating cytokine receptor expression and cytokine responsiveness. Activation of Raptor/mTORC1 integrates T cell receptor (TCR) and CD28 co-stimulatory signals in antigen-stimulated T cells. Our studies identify a Raptor/mTORC1-dependent pathway linking signal-dependent metabolic reprogramming to quiescence exit, and this in turn coordinates lymphocyte activation and fate decisions in adaptive immunity.
2014-01-27 | GSE51668 | GEO
Project description:Linking YAP to Müller glia quiescence exit in the degenerative retina
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Project description:Most E2F-binding sites repress transcription through the recruitment of Retinoblasoma (RB) family members until the end of the G1 cell-cycle phase. Although the MYB promoter contains an E2F-binding site, its transcription is activated shortly after the exit from quiescence, before RB family members inactivation, by unknown mechanisms. We had previously uncovered a nuclear factor distinct from E2F, Myb-sp, whose DNA-binding site overlapped the E2F element and had hypothesized that this factor might overcome the transcriptional repression of MYB by E2F-RB family members. We have purified Myb-sp and discovered that Myc-associated zinc finger proteins (MAZ) are major components. We show that various MAZ isoforms are present in Myb-sp and activate transcription via the MYB-E2F element. Moreover, while forced RB or p130 expression repressed the activity of a luciferase reporter driven by the MYB-E2F element, co-expression of MAZ proteins not only reverted repression, but also activated transcription. Finally, we show that MAZ binds the MYB promoter in vivo, that its binding site is critical for MYB transactivation, and that MAZ knockdown inhibits MYB expression during the exit from quiescence. Together, these data indicate that MAZ is essential to bypass MYB promoter repression by RB family members and to induce MYB expression.
2017-10-04 | PXD006857 | Pride
Project description:Regeneration of skeletal muscle is dependent on the function of tissue-resident muscle stem cells (MuSC), known as satellite cells. MuSC dysfunction is central to muscle pathophysiology, including in age-associated loss of muscle regenerative capacity and congenital disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Despite the central role of satellite cells in muscle regeneration, the signals controlling the balance between muscle stem cell quiescence, proliferation, and differentiation remain incompletely understood. Knowledge of the signals that maintain a quiescent state is particularly lacking, yet such cues are crucial to maintaining a stem cell reservoir that can meet the needs of regeneration throughout life. Here we identify Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, as a potent and essential trans-acting regulator of satellite cell quiescence. Key to this discovery is the development of a novel in vivo imaging-based screening strategy allowing identification of proteins that do not induce in vitro proliferation, but instead maintain MuSCs in a non-mitotic state, poised for rapid robust expansion upon transplantation. We demonstrate that OSM induces reversible exit from the cell cycle and induction of a global transcriptional program significantly enriched within a newly established satellite cell “quiescence signature”. Genetic ablation of the OSM receptor in mice demonstrates that signaling via OSM/R is essential for maintenance of satellite cell quiescence, and for proper skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo. Given that aberrant activation and exhaustion of stem cells is seen in a variety of disorders, OSM constitutes an attractive therapeutic target in muscle disease states. Microarray profiling was used to directly test the hypothesis that OSMR signaling in muscle stem cells promotes their engraftment by inducing a global transcriptional state equivalent to that of quiescent, freshly isolated, non-activated MuSC.
2018-12-01 | GSE69976 | GEO