Project description:The recent release of a large number of genomes from ectomycorrhizal, orchid mycorrhizal and root endophytic fungi have provided deep insight into fungal lifestyle-associated genomic adaptation. Comparative analyses of symbiotic fungal taxa showed that similar outcomes of interactions in distant related root symbioses are examples of convergent evolution. The order Sebacinales represents a sister group to the Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota) that is comprised of ectomycorrhizal, ericoid-, orchid- mycorrhizal, root endophytic fungi and saprotrophs (Oberwinkler et al., 2013). Sebacinoid taxa are widely distributed from arctic to temperate to tropical ecosystems and are among the most common and species-rich groups of ECM, OM and endophytic fungi (Tedersoo et al., 2012, Tedersoo et al., 2010, Oberwinkler et al., 2013). The root endophyte Piriformospora indica and the orchid mycorrhizal fungus S. vermifera (MAFF 305830) are non-obligate root symbionts which were shown to be able to interact with many different experimental hosts, including the non-mycorrhizal plant Arabidopsis thaliana. These two fungi display similar colonization strategies in barley and in Arabidopsis and the ability to establish beneficial interactions with different hosts (Deshmukh et al., 2006). Colonization of the roots by P. indica and S. vermifera results in enhanced seed germination and biomass production as well as increased resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses in its experimental hosts, including various members of the Brassicaceae family, barley, Nicotiana attenuata and switchgrass (Ghimire, 2011, Ghimire et al., 2009, Ghimire et al., 2011, Waller et al., 2008, Barazani et al., 2007, Deshmukh et al., 2006). Microarray experiments were performed to identify and characterize conserved sebacinoid genes as key determinants in the Sebacinales symbioses.
Project description:This study was aimed at highlighting the endophytic to the saprophytic adaptive plasticity of B. bassiana. Thus the objective was to elucidate and compare the transcriptome of B. bassiana the fungi under endophytic, saprophytic and basal conditions.
Project description:Endophytic fungi are fungi that live inside the roots of plants. They can promote plant growth through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct mechanisms include the production of phytohormones, such as auxin and gibberellins, which can stimulate plant growth. Endophytic fungi can also fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophores, which are compounds that chelate iron and make it available to plants. In addition, some endophytic fungi produce antimicrobial metabolites that can protect plants from pests and pathogens. Indirect mechanisms include the induction of systemic resistance, which is a plant's ability to defend itself against pests and pathogens. Endophytic fungi can also help plants to tolerate abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and heavy metals. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to identify the proteins that are expressed in rice plants after they are treated with endophytic fungi. We found that the treatment with endophytic fungi resulted in the expression of a number of proteins involved in plant growth, stress response, and defense. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant resilience to stress.
Project description:Endophytic fungi are root-inhabiting fungi that can promote plant growth in a variety of ways. They can directly stimulate plant growth by producing phytohormones, such as auxin and gibberellins. They can also indirectly promote plant growth by helping plants to acquire nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and by protecting plants from pests and pathogens.In this study, we used a proteomic approach to identify the proteins that are expressed in rice plants after they are treated with endophytic fungi. We found that the treatment with endophytic fungi resulted in the expression of a number of proteins involved in plant growth, nutrient acquisition, and defense. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant resilience to stress.
Project description:High ambient temperature regulated the plant systemic response to the beneficial endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. Most plants in nature establish symbiotic associations with endophytic fungi in soil. Beneficial endophytic fungi induce a systemic response in the aboveground parts of the host plant, thus promoting the growth and fitness of host plants. Meanwhile, temperature elevation from climate change widely affects global plant biodiversity as well as crop quality and yield. Over the past decades, great progresses have been made in the response of plants to high ambient temperature and to symbiosis with endophytic fungi. However, little is known about their synergistic effect on host plants. The endophytic fungus Serendipita indica colonizes the roots of a wide range of plants, including Arabidopsis. Based on the Arabidopsis-S. indica symbiosis experimental system, we analyzed the synergistic effect of high ambient temperature and endophytic fungal symbiosis on host plants. By transcriptome analysis, we found that DNA replication-related genes were significantly upregulated during the systemic response of Arabidopsis aboveground parts to S. indica colonization. Plant hormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET), play important roles in plant growth and systemic responses. We found that high ambient temperature repressed the JA and ET signaling pathways of Arabidopsis aboveground parts during the systemic response to S. indica colonization in roots. Meanwhile, PIF4 is the central hub transcription factor controlling plant thermosensory growth under high ambient temperature in Arabidopsis. PIF4 is also involving JA and/or ET signaling pathway. We found that PIF4 target genes overlapped with many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the systemic response, and further showed that the growth promotion efficiency of S. indica on the pif4 mutant was higher than that on the wild type plants.
Project description:The ability to cope with infection by a parasite is one of the major challenges for any host species and is a major driver of evolution. Parasite pressure differs between habitats. It is thought to be higher in tropical regions compared to temporal ones. We infected Drosophila melanogaster from two tropical (Malaysia and Zimbabwe) and two temperate populations (the Netherlands and North Carolina) with the generalist entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to examine if adaptation to local parasite pressures led to differences in resistance. Contrary to previous findings we observed increased survival in temperate populations. This, however, is not due to increased resistance to infection per se, but rather the consequence of a higher general vigor of the temperate populations. We also assessed transcriptional response to infection within these flies eight and 24 hours after infection. Only few genes were induced at the earlier time point, most of which are involved in detoxification. In contrast, we identified more than 4,000 genes that changed their expression state after 24 hours. This response was generally conserved over all populations with only few genes being uniquely regulated in the temperate populations. We furthermore found that the American population was transcriptionally highly diverged from all other populations concerning basal levels of gene expression. This was particularly true for stress and immune response genes, which might be the genetic basis for their elevated vigor. mRNA profiles of whole Drosophila melanogaster adult males from an African, American, Asian and European population after infection with Beauveria bassiana. Samples include uninfected controls, 8h after infection and 24h after infection. 3 biological replicates each (2 in the case of American controls).
Project description:Proteomics characterization of the venoms of the two subspecies (bilineatus and smaragdinus) of the poorly studied South American palm pitviper Bothrops bilineatus from the Brazilian state of Rondônia
Project description:Proteomics characterization of the venoms of the two subspecies (bilineatus and smaragdinus) of the poorly studied South American palm pitviper Bothrops bilineatus from the Brazilian state of Rondônia
2020-08-20 | PXD020043 | Pride
Project description:Plant endophytic fungi samples and gut endophytic fungi samples