Project description:We show that Ly49+CD122+ CD8+ Treg have a distinct expression profie compared to conventional Foxp3+ CD4+ Treg and CD49 lo CD122+ CD8 effector like cells. RNA was extracted from sorted cells and sent for sequencing
Project description:Nrn1-/- and Nrn1+/- CD4+CD25+Cd62LlowCD44highFoxp3gfp+ were sorted from Nrn1-/- and Nrn1+/- mice on Foxp3DTRgfp background and subjected to RNASeq analysis
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells can facilitate transplant tolerance and attenuate autoimmune- and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is clinically relevant to stimulate Treg cell expansion and function in vivo and to create therapeutic Treg cell products in vitro. We report that TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) is a unique costimulus for naïve, thymus-derived (t)Treg cells from human blood that promotes their differentiation into non-lymphoid tissue (NLT)-resident effector Treg cells, without Th-like polarization. In contrast, CD28 costimulation maintains a lymphoid tissue (LT)-resident Treg cell phenotype. We base this conclusion on transcriptome and proteome analysis of TNFR2- and CD28-costimulated CD4+ Treg cells and conventional T (Tconv) cells, followed by bioinformatic comparison with published transcriptomic Treg cell signatures from NLT and LT in health and disease, including autoimmunity and cancer. These analyses illuminate that TNFR2 costimulation promotes Treg cell capacity for survival, migration, immunosuppression and tissue regeneration. Functional studies confirmed improved migratory ability of TNFR2-costimulated tTreg cells. Flow cytometry validated the presence of the TNFR2-driven Treg cell signature in effector/memory Treg cells from the human placenta as opposed to blood. Thus, TNFR2 can be exploited as driver of NLT-resident Treg cell differentiation for adoptive cell therapy or antibody-based immunomodulation in human disease.
Project description:The inflammasome initiates innate defense and inflammatory response by activating caspase-1 and pyroptotic cell death in myeloid cells1,2. It is comprised of an innate immune receptor/effector, pro-caspase-1 and a common adaptor molecule, ASC (apoptotic speck-containing protein with a CARD). Consistent with their pro-inflammatory function, inflammasome components including caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3, are known to exacerbate autoimmunity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by enhancing IL-1 and IL-18 secretion in myeloid cells3-6. Here we show an unexpected function of a DNA-binding inflammasome effector, AIM2 (Absent in Melanoma 2)7-10, in restraining autoimmunity by performing EAE in both whole body and Treg-specific deletion of Aim2–/– mice. AIM2 is highly expressed by human and mouse Treg cells and it is essential to attenuate EAE. RNA-seq, biochemical and metabolic analyses revealed that AIM2 attenuates mTOR, Myc and immune-metabolic functions in both Treg cells isolated in vivo and Treg cells induced in vitro with TGF-. Importantly, we found AIM2 physically interacted with RACK1 in Treg cells to facility the PP2A/RACK1/Akt-mTOR signaling, which is identified as a central component downstream of AIM2 that controls Treg cell function and stability. While AIM2 is generally accepted as an inflammasome effector in myeloid cells, this report reveals a previously unappreciated T cell-intrinsic role of AIM2 in maintaining Treg cell function to restrain autoimmunity. This is achieved by diminishing Akt-mTOR signaling to regulate Treg stability under inflammation, and altering immune-metabolism in Treg cells.
Project description:Teff cells (CD4+CD25-CD127+CD45RO+) were co-cultured with and without sorted Treg subsets plus dendritic cells for 18h. All the sorted Teff cells are gated on CD4+CD25-CD127(hi), and further sorted for CD45RO- and CD45RO+ phenotype.
Project description:The effects of IL-33 on ST2+ Treg cells were not studied thouroughly. We FACS-sorted in vitro expanded ST2+ Treg cells from C57BL/6 Foxp3-IRES-mRFP (B6 FIR) mice. We next used RNA-seq techonology to define how recombinant IL-33 (rIL-33) may impact mouse Treg by to assessing the transcriptome of IL-33-stimulated ST2+ Treg cells compared to that of untreated ST2+ Treg cells. Our data revealed that ST2+ Treg stimulated with rIL-33 for 6 hours exhibited increased expression of Il10 and Il13 compared to unstimulated ST2+ Treg cells.
Project description:Gene expression profiling of Bone Marrow FoxP3+ Treg cells. Glatman Zaretsky et al. revealed an unexpected role for Tregs in plasma cell biology. Here we determined the gene-expression profile of this new subset of FoxP3+ Treg cell, which express high levels of Treg effector molecules, similar to other non-lymphoid tissue Tregs. Gene-profiling of BM Tregs. Bone marrow Treg cells (30k) (gfp+CD25hiCD4+TCRβ+) (dump negative: CD19-CD8α-TCRγδ-CD11b-CD11c-NK1.1-Gr-1-Ter-119-) were triple-sorted from pools of two to three reporter mice (C57BL/6 Foxp3-IRES-gfp, 9 week-old males) into trizol per ImmGen SOP. RNA was amplified, labeled and hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Arrays (Expression Analysis)
Project description:Gene expression profiles were compared between regulatory T cells (Treg) and Effector CD4+ T cells in healthy B6 mice and sick mice with scurfy mutation. We used microarrays to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the suppression function of the Treg cells. Experiment Overall Design: To identify candidate genes that might be related to the suppressive activity, the Treg cells expressing functional and mutant Foxp3 transcription factor were compared