Project description:Melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) plays an important role in the energy homeostasis of animals under different nutritional conditions. Onychostoma macrolepis is a hibernating cavefish found in the northern part of the Yangtze River, and its adaptation to a nutrient-poor environment has attracted growing interest. In this study, we characterized the protein structure of Onychostoma macrolepis Mc3r (omMc3r), examined its tissue distribution, and investigated its function in mediating cellular signaling. We showed that the CDS of omMc3r is 978 bp, encoding a putative protein of 325 amino acids. Homology and phylogenetic analyses indicated that omMc3r is evolutionary close to cyprinids. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that omMc3r was highly expressed in the liver and brain. The functions of omMc3r to mediate ligands activating downstream signaling have also been confirmed by using signal pathway-specific reporters. The four agonists α-MSH, β-MSH, NDP-MSH, and ACTH (1-24) can all activate the cAMP and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, albeit with different potency orders. The "primitive" ligand ACTH (1-24) had the highest potency on the cAMP signaling pathway, while the synthetic ligand NDP-MSH had the highest activation effect on the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. This research will lay the foundation for studying the energy regulation mechanism of cavefish in an oligotrophic environment.

| S-EPMC8749556 | biostudies-literature

Analysis of Chromosomal Numbers, Mitochondrial Genome, and Full-Length Transcriptome of Onychostoma brevibarba.

Project description:Onychostoma brevibarba is a new discovered species which is distributed in Xiang Jiang River of the middle Chang Jiang basin in Hunan Province, South China. In this study, the ploidy levels of O. brevibarba were confirmed by counting chromosomal numbers and analyzing karyotype. The complete mitochondrial genome of O. brevibarba was determined and analyzed. Besides, we firstly performed the full-length transcriptome of O. brevibarba derived from 5 different tissues using the PacBio SMRT sequencing. The result shows that O. brevibarba was a diploid with 50 chromosomes [corrected]. The complete mitogenome of O. brevibarba was 16,602 bp in size and very similar (89.1-91.3%) to that of other Onychostoma species but was distinct from all congeners. The full-length transcriptome dataset of O. brevibarba comprised 120,239 unigenes. Among the unigenes, 91,542 were functionally annotated, whereas 26,794 were found to have two or more isoforms. This study could provide many new insights into cytology and molecular characteristics of O. brevibarba; it laid the foundation for further exploration of the genomic signatures of species of Onychostoma.

| S-EPMC6679832 | biostudies-literature

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Onychostoma macrolepis</i> (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).

Project description:In this study, the entire mitogenome sequence of the O. macrolepis has been sequenced. However, its systematic classification is still undetermined. The complete mitochondrial genome is 16,621bp, which includes 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes) and 1 control region.The overall base composition is 34.52% A, 19.01% T, 25.58% C, 20.89% G, showing AT rich feature (55.76%). Its structure type is similar to the mitogenome of Cyprinidae. Phylogenetic tree showed that O. macrolepis belong to Barbinae.

| S-EPMC7707405 | biostudies-literature

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