Project description:Cryptosporidium parvum is an important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide, but the molecular mechanisms of the host–parasite interaction are not fully understood. Noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered key regulators of parasitic diseases. Therefore, we used microarray, qPCR, and bioinformatic analyses to investigate the intestinal epithelial miRNA expression profile after Cryptosporidium parvum infection.Twenty miRNAs were differentially expressed after infection (four upregulated and 16 downregulated). Further analysis of the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that many important cellular responses were triggered by Cryptosporidium parvum infection, including cell apoptosis and the inflammatory and immune responses.This study demonstrates for the first time that the miRNA expression profile of human intestinal epithelium cells is altered by C. parvum infection. This dysregulation of miRNA expression may contribute to the regulation of host biological processes in response to C. parvum infection, including cell apoptosis and the immune responses. These results provide new insight into the regulatory mechanisms of host miRNAs during cryptosporidiosis, which may offer potential targets for future C. parvum control strategies.
Project description:Cryptosporidium parvum has been reported to induce digestive adenocarcinoma in a rodent model of chronic cryptosporidiosis. In the current study, the transcriptomes of C. parvum infected ileo-caecal regions of mice developing tumours were analysed to identifie potential genes involved in development of cancer
Project description:The Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) oocyst wall provides strong protection against hostile environmental factors; however, research is limited concerning about the oocyst wall at the proteomic level. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the proteome expressed by the oocyst wall of C. parvum was performed using label-free qualitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and mass spectrometry-based qualitative proteomics technologies. A total of 798 proteins were identified, accounting for about 20% of the CryptoDB proteome. By using bioinformatic analysis, functional annotation and subcellular localization of the identified proteins were examined for better understanding of the characteristics of the oocyst wall. Among the identified proteins, one protein encoded by the C. parvum cgd7_5140 (Cpcgd7_5140) gene was predicted to be located on the surface of the oocyst wall. To verify its localization, an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) demonstrated that the Cpcgd7_5140 was localized on the surface of the oocyst wall, illustrating the potential usage as a marker for C. parvum detection in vitro. The results provide new information about the proteomic composition of the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further study of Cryptosporidium oocyst wall formation as well as the selection of targets for Cryptosporidium detection.
Project description:H69 cells were cultured in H69 medium with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts(10 X 5 per well, for smaples 04, 05 and 06) or without oocysts(for samples 01, 02 and 03)for 8 hours and then collected for array analysis. Sample 07 was cells exposed to heated inactived oocysts. <br>
Project description:Cryptosporidium parvum is one of the most important opportunistic enteric parasites, causing severe diarrhea in immunocomprised human and animals. However, few effective control agents were available for this parasite. circular RNA (circRNA) was discovered to play key roles in many diseases, and the well-known regulatory mechanism for circRNAs is that act as miRNA sponges competitively binding to miRNAs to block miRNA-mRNA interaction. Here, using microarray assay, we investigated the expression profiles of circRNAs in HCT-8 cells after the infection of C. parvum IId subtype, the prevalent subtype of China. A total of 178 circRNAs were dysregulated expressed in HCT-8 cells at 24 h post infection (pi) of C. parvum IId subtype.
Project description:Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and diarrheal-related death in children worldwide. As an obligate intracellular parasite, Cryptosporidium relies on intestinal epithelial cells to provide a niche for its growth and survival, but little is known about the contributions that the infected cell makes to this relationship. Here we conducted a genome wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen to discover host genes required for Cryptosporidium parvum infection and/or host cell survival. The gene enrichment analysis indicated that the host interferon response, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis are important determinants of susceptibility to C. parvum infection. Several of these pathways are linked to parasite attachment and invasion and C-type lectins on the surface of the parasite. Evaluation of transcript and protein induction of innate interferons revealed a pronounced type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium in human cells as well as in mice. Treatment of mice with IFNλ reduced infection burden and protected immunocompromised mice from severe outcomes including death, with effects that STAT1 signaling in the enterocyte. Initiation of this type III interferon response was dependent on sustained intracellular growth and mediated by the pattern recognition receptor TLR3. We conclude that host cell intrinsic recognition of Cryptosporidium results in IFNλ production critical to early protection against this infection.
Project description:Among the causative agents of neonatal diarrhea in calves, two of the most prevalent are bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and Cryptosporidium parvum. Although several studies indicate that co-infections between the two pathogens are associated with greater symptom severity, the host-pathogen interplay remains to be further investigated. The main objective of the present work was to investigate the modulation of the transcriptome of HCT-8 cells during single or co-exposures to BCoV and C. parvum by means of RNA-Seq.