Viral Mimicry by Endogenous Y-RNAs Contributes to Antiviral Immunity [DV-4]
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA556650 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Viral Mimicry by Endogenous Y-RNAs Contributes to Antiviral Immunity
| PRJNA556649 | ENA
Project description:Viral Mimicry by Endogenous Y-RNAs Contributes to Antiviral Immunity [HIV]
| PRJNA556651 | ENA
Project description:Viral Mimicry by Endogenous Y-RNAs Contributes to Antiviral Immunity [mock]
| PRJNA556654 | ENA
Project description:Viral Mimicry by Endogenous Y-RNAs Contributes to Antiviral Immunity [MV]
| PRJNA556652 | ENA
Project description:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) protect against host invasion by detecting specific molecular patterns found in pathogens and initiating an immune response. While microbial-derived PRR ligands have been extensively characterized, the contribution and relevance of endogenous ligands to PRR activation during viral infection remain overlooked. In this work, we characterize the landscape of endogenous ligands that engage RIG-I-like receptors upon infection by a positive-sense RNA virus, a negative-sense RNA virus or a retrovirus. We found that several endogenous RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase 3 (Pol3), and in particular the Y-RNA family of small non-coding repeats, bind and activate RIG-I. We show that this recognition is dependent on Y-RNA mimicking viral secondary structure and its 5’-triphosphate extremity. Further, we found that HIV-1 infection triggers a VPR-dependent downregulation of RNA triphosphatase DUSP11 in vitro and in vivo, leading to an increase of Y-RNA 5’-triphosphorylation that enables their immunogenicity. Importantly, we show that altering DUSP11 expression is sufficient to induce a type-I interferon and T cell activation transcriptional program associated with HIV-1 infection. Overall, our work uncovers the critical contribution of endogenous RNAs ligands to antiviral immunity and demonstrates the role of this pathway in HIV-1 infection.
2022-04-29 | GSE134856 | GEO
Project description:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) protect against host invasion by detecting specific molecular patterns found in pathogens and initiating an immune response. While microbial-derived PRR ligands have been extensively characterized, the contribution and relevance of endogenous ligands to PRR activation during viral infection remain overlooked. In this work, we characterize the landscape of endogenous ligands that engage RIG-I-like receptors upon infection by a positive-sense RNA virus, a negative-sense RNA virus or a retrovirus. We found that several endogenous RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase 3 (Pol3), and in particular the Y-RNA family of small non-coding repeats, bind and activate RIG-I. We show that this recognition is dependent on Y-RNA mimicking viral secondary structure and its 5’-triphosphate extremity. Further, we found that HIV-1 infection triggers a VPR-dependent downregulation of RNA triphosphatase DUSP11 in vitro and in vivo, leading to an increase of Y-RNA 5’-triphosphorylation that enables their immunogenicity. Importantly, we show that altering DUSP11 expression is sufficient to induce a type-I interferon and T cell activation transcriptional program associated with HIV-1 infection. Overall, our work uncovers the critical contribution of endogenous RNAs ligands to antiviral immunity and demonstrates the role of this pathway in HIV-1
2022-04-29 | GSE134857 | GEO
Project description:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) protect against host invasion by detecting specific molecular patterns found in pathogens and initiating an immune response. While microbial-derived PRR ligands have been extensively characterized, the contribution and relevance of endogenous ligands to PRR activation during viral infection remain overlooked. In this work, we characterize the landscape of endogenous ligands that engage RIG-I-like receptors upon infection by a positive-sense RNA virus, a negative-sense RNA virus or a retrovirus. We found that several endogenous RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase 3 (Pol3), and in particular the Y-RNA family of small non-coding repeats, bind and activate RIG-I. We show that this recognition is dependent on Y-RNA mimicking viral secondary structure and its 5’-triphosphate extremity. Further, we found that HIV-1 infection triggers a VPR-dependent downregulation of RNA triphosphatase DUSP11 in vitro and in vivo, leading to an increase of Y-RNA 5’-triphosphorylation that enables their immunogenicity. Importantly, we show that altering DUSP11 expression is sufficient to induce a type-I interferon and T cell activation transcriptional program associated with HIV-1 infection. Overall, our work uncovers the critical contribution of endogenous RNAs ligands to antiviral immunity and demonstrates the role of this pathway in HIV-1 infection.
2022-08-01 | GSE134859 | GEO
Project description:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) protect against host invasion by detecting specific molecular patterns found in pathogens and initiating an immune response. While microbial-derived PRR ligands have been extensively characterized, the contribution and relevance of endogenous ligands to PRR activation during viral infection remain overlooked. In this work, we characterize the landscape of endogenous ligands that engage RIG-I-like receptors upon infection by a positive-sense RNA virus, a negative-sense RNA virus or a retrovirus. We found that several endogenous RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase 3 (Pol3), and in particular the Y-RNA family of small non-coding repeats, bind and activate RIG-I. We show that this recognition is dependent on Y-RNA mimicking viral secondary structure and its 5’-triphosphate extremity. Further, we found that HIV-1 infection triggers a VPR-dependent downregulation of RNA triphosphatase DUSP11 in vitro and in vivo, leading to an increase of Y-RNA 5’-triphosphorylation that enables their immunogenicity. Importantly, we show that altering DUSP11 expression is sufficient to induce a type-I interferon and T cell activation transcriptional program associated with HIV-1 infection. Overall, our work uncovers the critical contribution of endogenous RNAs ligands to antiviral immunity and demonstrates the role of this pathway in HIV-1 infection.
2022-04-29 | GSE134860 | GEO
Project description:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) protect against host invasion by detecting specific molecular patterns found in pathogens and initiating an immune response. While microbial-derived PRR ligands have been extensively characterized, the contribution and relevance of endogenous ligands to PRR activation during viral infection remain overlooked. In this work, we characterize the landscape of endogenous ligands that engage RIG-I-like receptors upon infection by a positive-sense RNA virus, a negative-sense RNA virus or a retrovirus. We found that several endogenous RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase 3 (Pol3), and in particular the Y-RNA family of small non-coding repeats, bind and activate RIG-I. We show that this recognition is dependent on Y-RNA mimicking viral secondary structure and its 5’-triphosphate extremity. Further, we found that HIV-1 infection triggers a VPR-dependent downregulation of RNA triphosphatase DUSP11 in vitro and in vivo, leading to an increase of Y-RNA 5’-triphosphorylation that enables their immunogenicity. Importantly, we show that altering DUSP11 expression is sufficient to induce a type-I interferon and T cell activation transcriptional program associated with HIV-1 infection. Overall, our work uncovers the critical contribution of endogenous RNAs ligands to antiviral immunity and demonstrates the role of this pathway in HIV-1 infection.
2022-04-29 | GSE134858 | GEO
Project description:Dengue fever is an important tropical illness for which there is currently no virus-specific treatment. To shed light on mechanisms involved in the cellular response to dengue virus (DV), we assessed gene expression changes, using Affymetrix GeneChips (HG-U133A), of infected primary human cells and identified changes common to all cells. The common response genes included a set of 23 genes significantly induced upon DV infection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and B cells (analysis of variance, P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), one of the common response genes, was identified as a key link between type I and type II interferon response genes. We found that DV induces TRAIL expression in immune cells and HUVECs at the mRNA and protein levels. The induction of TRAIL expression by DV was found to be dependent on an intact type I interferon signaling pathway. A significant increase in DV RNA accumulation was observed in anti-TRAIL antibody-treated monocytes, B cells, and HUVECs, and, conversely, a decrease in DV RNA was seen in recombinant TRAIL-treated monocytes. Furthermore, recombinant TRAIL inhibited DV titers in DV-infected DCs by an apoptosis-independent mechanism. These data suggest that TRAIL plays an important role in the antiviral response to DV infection and is a candidate for antiviral interventions against DV. We used Affymetrix microarrays to study the response of human host cells to dengue virus (DV). Keywords: virus infection of multiple cell types
2008-01-05 | GSE9378 | GEO