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Tracking Epigenetic Modification-Mediated Genome Organization

ABSTRACT: Tracking Epigenetic Modification-Mediated Genome Organization

PROVIDER: PRJNA565701 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Tracking Epigenetic Modification-Mediated Genome Organization

Project description:Spatiotemporal control of chromatin structure and dynamics at sub-kilobase to megabase scales is essential for genome function. Epigenetic modification plays important roles in transcriptional regulation. How histone marks regulate genome organization at different scales remain unclear. Here we introduce an EpiGo (Epigenetic perturbation induced Genome organization) system to modify hundreds of genomic loci with H3K9me3 spanning megabases on human chromosome 19 and simultaneously track their changes of genome organization. EpiGo-mediated H3K9me3 spreads more extensively in transcriptionally inactive regions than active regions. H3K9 trimethylation of active regions trigger local chromatin compaction without substantial gene silencing. H3K9 trimethylated loci or regions associate with HP1a condensates and adjacent loci with H3K9me3 coalesce over time. H3K9 trimethylation of inactive regions reshape local genome compartmentalization. These results reveal that H3K9me3 mediates local chromatin compaction or genome compartmentalization upon distinct transcriptional states.

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Project description:Tumor recurrence is main pattern of treatment failure for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying disease recurrence remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that 18S rRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A1832) modification and its methyltransferase complex METTL5/TRMT112 were upregulated in HCC and correlated with poor prognosis. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays demonstrated that METTL5/TRMT112 mediated 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification promotes HCC tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification selectively regulated the translation of mRNAs with long 5’UTR and short 3’UTR through affecting the assembly of 80S subunit at translation initiation and its dissociation at translation termination which was executed by weakening the interaction of ABCE1 with eRF1 and eRF3. Moreover, METTL5-mediated 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification regulated β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acid through ACSL4 to promote HCC progression. Our work uncovered a novel layer of mRNA translation regulation mechanism at ribosome 80S subunit assembly and dissociation step mediated by 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification and revealed a new crosslink between RNA epigenetic modification and fatty acid metabolism in HCC.

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