Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA603207 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Across Canada, infections associated with Fusarium have a devastating impact on the agricultural sector. For example, Fusarium head blight (FHB) costs the Canadian grain industry over $1.5 billion annually in diminished export and domestic sales. For Ontario’s most productive and lucrative crops infection by Fusarium spp., leads to losses of over $200 million annually through yield reduction in corn (i.e., stalk and ear rot), cereals (i.e., FHB), and soybeans (i.e., root rot and sudden death syndrome). Additionally, mycotoxin production by Fusarium spp. (e.g., deoxynivalenol [DON]) has severe consequences for the livestock and poultry industries through consumption of contaminated feed, as well as concerns for human health upon consumption of contaminated processed grains. Current management strategies against FHB rely on fungicide application at heading, which reduces infection but does not limit the accumulation of dangerous mycotoxins within the grains. Moreover, such fungicide applications substantially increase the economic cost to growers, raise public concerns over chemical exposure, and contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. The critical role of Fusarium fungal pathogens and their toxins in the health of crops, livestock, and humans underscores the need for innovative strategies to better understand mechanisms of disease and identify novel management strategies to limit the incidence of infection and to critically, reduce the accumulation of mycotoxins within infected grains
2022-09-27 | PXD037035 | Pride
Project description:Macrophomina phaseolina, a soil borne pathogen with a wide host range, causes the charcoal rot in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). In Argentina, soybean is the most important crop as far as sowing surface cultivation concerns, and for this reason it is important to assess integrated disease management strategies in order to minimize the incidence of this disease and the consequent loss of performance culture. Previous studies have demonstrated the protective effect that arbuscular mycorrhizal can promote on their hosts against various pathogens invasion, especially against soil borne fungi. Therefore, the goal of this study was to analyze the phenomenon of mycorrhizae mediated protection by characterizing transcriptional changes using cDNA microarrays as a tool. The objective of the present study was to investigate, under strict in vitro culture conditions, the global transcriptional change in the roots of pre-mycorrhized soybean plantlets challenged by M. phaseolina as compared to non-mycorrhizal soybean plantlets. The MapMan software was used to distinguish transcriptional change under these conditions, with special emphasis on plant defence response.
2017-12-19 | GSE87740 | GEO
Project description:<p>Particulate organic matter (fecal pellets) from zooplankton has been demonstrated to be important nutrient sources for the pelagic prokaryotic community. Significantly less is known about the chemical composition of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) produced by these eukaryotes and its influence on pelagic ecosystem structure. Zooplankton migrators, which daily transport surface-derived compounds to depth, may act as important vectors of limiting nutrients for mesopelagic microbial communities. In this role, zooplankton may increase the DOM remineralization rate by heterotrophic prokaryotes through the creation of nutrient rich “hot spots” that could potentially increase niche diversity. To explore these interactions, we collected the migratory copepod Pleuromamma xiphias from the northwestern Sargasso Sea and sampled its excreta after 12-16 h of incubation. We measured bulk dissolved organic carbon, dissolved free amino acids via high performance liquid chromatography and dissolved targeted metabolites via quantitative mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MSMS) to quantify organic zooplankton excreta production and characterize its composition. We observed production of labile DOM, including amino acids, vitamins and nucleosides. Additionally, we harvested a portion of the excreta and subsequently used it as the growth medium for mesopelagic (200m) bacterioplankton dilution cultures. In zooplankton excreta treatments we observed a four-fold increase in bacterioplankton cell densities that reached stationary growth phase after five days of dark incubation. Analyses of 16s rDNA amplicons suggested a shift from oligotrophs typical of open ocean and mesopelagic prokaryotic communities to more copiotrophic bacterial lineages in the presence of zooplankton excreta. These results support the hypothesis that zooplankton and prokaryotes are engaged in complex and indirect ecological interactions, broadening our understanding of the microbial loop.</p>
2020-11-27 | MTBLS1822 | MetaboLights
Project description:Background:; Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important food and fodder legume of the semiarid tropics and subtropics worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. High density genetic linkage maps are needed for marker assisted breeding but are not available for cowpea. A single feature polymorphism (SFP) is a microarray-based marker which can be used for high throughput genotyping and high density mapping. Results:; Here we report detection and validation of SFPs in cowpea using a readily available soybean (Glycine max) genome array. Robustified projection pursuit (RPP) was used for statistical analysis using RNA as a surrogate for DNA. Using a 15% outlying score cut-off, 1058 potential SFPs were enumerated between two parents of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population segregating for several important traits including drought tolerance, Fusarium and brown blotch resistance, grain size and photoperiod sensitivity. Sequencing of 25 putative polymorphism-containing amplicons yielded a SFP probe set validation rate of 68%. Conclusions:; We conclude that the Affymetrix soybean genome array is a satisfactory platform for identification of some 1000âs of SFPs for cowpea. This study provides an example of extension of genomic resources from a well supported species to an orphan crop. Presumably, other legume systems are similarly tractable to SFP marker development using existing legume array resources. SUBMITTER_CITATION: Detection and validation of single feature polymorphisms in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) using a soybean genome array Sayan Das, Prasanna R. Bhat, Chinta Sudhakar, Jeffrey D. Ehlers, Steve Wanamaker, Philip A. Roberts, Xinping Cui, Timothy J. Close BMC Genomics 2008, 9:107 Experiment Overall Design: Expression data were generated by hybridizing cowpea cRNA to the soybean genome array. A statistical method called robustified projection pursuit (RPP) was used for Single Feature Polymorphism(SFP) analysis. Only the values from the PM probes were utilized. The use of RNA as a surrogate for genomic DNA eliminated interference from highly repetitive DNA as a technical impediment to SFP detection. An important aspect of the RPP method is that it first utilizes a probe set level analysis to identify SFP-containing probe sets and then chooses individual probes from within each SFP-containing probe set. The net result is the identification of probes that directly overlay polymorphic sequences. Experiment Overall Design: Separate comparisons were made between two genotypes (with two replicates each) for unstressed and drought stressed treatments, resulting in two SFP lists. In the context of SFPs, there is no necessity to have separate stress and control lists; in fact it would be simpler and less costly to have only one SFP list from highly complex RNA made by blending stressed and unstressed RNA. In our case, two separate lists were available as a consequence of another study not described here which compared gene expression patterns in stressed and control plants (data not shown). At 15% outlying score cut-off, we detected 488 SFP probes in stressed and 661 SFP probes in unstressed treatments. The union of these two lists contained 1058 SFP probes and the intersection contained 91. A total of 37 primer pairs targeting 37 putative SFP probe sets were initially tested, of which 25 yielded single amplicons of the expected sizes from both parents. These 25 amplicons targeted 14 probe sets selected from the intersection of the two SFP probe set lists and 11 from the remaining SFP probe sets. 9 of the 14 SFP probe sets (64%) from the intersection list were validated at the DNA sequence level and 8 of the other 11 (73%) were validated.
2008-04-07 | E-GEOD-10284 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This model is from the article:
Reduction of off-flavor generation in soybean homogenates: a mathematical model.
Mellor N , Bligh F , Chandler I , Hodgman C
J. Food Sci.2010 Sep; 75(7): R131-8; PMID: 2153556,
Abstract:
The generation of off-flavors in soybean homogenates such as n-hexanal via the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway can be a problem in the processed food industry. Previous studies have examined the effect of using soybean varieties missing one or more of the 3 LOX isozymes on n-hexanal generation. A dynamic mathematical model of the soybean LOX pathway using ordinary differential equations was constructed using parameters estimated from existing data with the aim of predicting how n-hexanal generation could be reduced. Time-course simulations of LOX-null beans were run and compared with experimental results. Model L(2), L(3), and L(12) beans were within the range relative to the wild type found experimentally, with L(13) and L(23) beans close to the experimental range. Model L(1) beans produced much more n-hexanal relative to the wild type than those in experiments. Sensitivity analysis indicates that reducing the estimated K(m) parameter for LOX isozyme 3 (L-3) would improve the fit between model predictions and experimental results found in the literature. The model also predicts that increasing L-3 or reducing L-2 levels within beans may reduce n-hexanal generation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This work describes the use of mathematics to attempt to quantify the enzyme-catalyzed conversions of compounds in soybean homogenates into undesirable flavors, primarily from the compound n-hexanal. The effect of different soybean genotypes and enzyme kinetic constants was also studied, leading to recommendations on which combinations might minimize off-flavor levels and what further work might be carried out to substantiate these conclusions.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000415 | BioModels
Project description:In the present study OMICs analysis was employed to investigate the early molecular responses of zebrafish embryos to exposure to the fungicide metalaxyl. Metalaxyl, a nucleic acid metabolism inhibitor according to Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) classification, may also induce adverse effects on non-target organisms inhabiting the environment. Early molecular responses in terms of transcriptome and proteome analysis were investigated and refined to select potentially substance specific biomarker candidates for early prediction of metalaxyl toxicity in zebrafish embryos.
2024-01-02 | PXD045444 | Pride