Project description:The subject is to study the lung microbiota and the one of upper airways (UAs) (much less studied than the intestinal microbiota) in 40 patients having lung cancer. 20 patients undergo only surgical treatment, while other half receives also chemotherapy. The idea is to explore changes in microbiota of the lung, upper UAs and intestine, and potentially find associations between them. These results will serve us as a base for the future study, focused on manipulation of the microbiota by prebiotics, probiotics or symbiotics and its effect on anti-cancer treatment tolerance and effectiveness.
Project description:Lung cancer is closely associated with chronic inflammation, but the mechanism underlying such inflammation has not been clearly defined. The lung is a mucosal tissue colonized by a diverse bacterial community at the steady state, and pulmonary infections commonly present in lung cancer patients are linked to clinical outcomes. Here we provide evidence that local microbiota provoke inflammation associated with lung adenocarcinoma by activating lung-resident gamma-delta T cells. Germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice were significantly protected from lung tumor initiation and progression induced by Kras mutation and p53 loss. Mechanistically, commensal bacteria stimulated My88-dependent IL-1beta and IL-23 production from myeloid cells, inducing proliferation and activation of Vγ6+Vδ1+ γδ T cells that produced IL-17 and other effector molecules to promote inflammation and tumor cell proliferation. Our findings provide a clear link between local microbiota-immune crosstalk and lung tumorigenesis, and thereby define key cellular and molecular mediators that may serve as effective targets in lung cancer treatment and prevention.
Project description:Commensal bacteria have been shown to influence the reactivity of immune cells in the gut and in other organs. This study aims to assess the impact of microbiota on transcription signatures in lung stroma cells. Samples were generated from mice that were either left on plain water, on water with antibiotics, or on water with antibiotics followed by faecal transplant to reverse the antibiotics effect. CD45 negative cells were MACS-purified from the lung, and RNA seq was performed on samples.