Project description:We used microarray analysis to identify specific molecular mechanisms controlling Th17 cell differentiation in HFD mice Memory phenotype CD4 T cells derived from ND or HFD mice were selected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:Naïve CD4+ T cells coordinate the immune response by acquiring an effector phenotype in response to cytokines. However, the cytokine responses in memory T cells remain largely understudied. We used quantitative proteomics, bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq of over 40,000 human naïve and memory CD4+ T cells to generate a detailed map of cytokine-regulated gene expression programs. We demonstrated that cytokine response differs substantially between naïve and memory T cells and showed that memory cells are unable to differentiate into the Th2 phenotype. Moreover, memory T cells acquire a Th17-like phenotype in response to iTreg polarization. At the single-cell level, we demonstrated that T cells form a continuum which progresses from naïve to effector memory T cells. This continuum is accompanied by a gradual increase in the expression levels of chemokines and cytokines and thus represents an effectorness gradient. Finally, we found that T cell cytokine responses are determined by where the cells lie in the effectorness gradient and identified genes whose expression is controlled by cytokines in an effectorness-dependent manner. Our results shed light on the heterogeneity of T cells and their responses to cytokines, provide insight into immune disease inflammation and could inform drug development.
Project description:Transcription profiling of naive and memory phenotype mouse CD4+ T cells extracted from GFP-Egr2 knockin (Egr2 Kin) and Egr2loxP/loxP hCD2-Cre Egr3-/- (Egr2/3 DKO) mice in the steady state
Project description:We performed a single-cell transcriptome analysis of 3 biological independent splenic samples from pooled mice sorted for LCMV-specific memory CD4 T cells.
Project description:Innate memory phenotype (IMP) CD4+ T cells are non-conventional αβ T cells exhibiting features of innate immune cells, characterized as CD44high and CD62Llow in periphery. It is recently reported by our group that bone marrow chimeric mice lacking thymic MHCI expression develop predominantly IMP CD8+ T cells, while those lacking hematopoietic MHCI develop predominantly naïve CD8+ T cells. Here we perform hirarchical clustering analysis and found that CD4+ T cells share similar property: chimeras lacking thymic MHCII gave rise to predominantly CD4+ T cells that resemble IMP CD4+ T cells observed in WT mice, and vice versa, chimeras lacking hematopoietic MHCII had a majority of naïve-like CD4+ T cells resembling naïveCD4+ T cells seen in WT mice. We used microarrays to compare the global programme of gene expression to determine whether the hematopoietic MHCII selected CD4+ T cells are IMP, and whether the thymic MHCII selected CD4+ T cells are naïve CD4+ T cells as observed in WT mice. Through hierarchical clustering and analysis of global gene differential expression, we determined that hematopoietic MHCII dependent IMP CD4+ T cells generated from WT bone marrow transplanted into irradiated MHCII-/- recipients, resemble IMP CD4+ T cells in WT mice, while naïve CD4+ T cells generated from MHCII-/- bone marrow transplanted into irradiated WT recipients, resemble naïve CD4+ T cells in WT mice. Cell Sorting was performed using a Cytopeia Influx Cell Sorter. Chimeric IMP (CD45.1+TCRβ+CD4+CD44highCD62Llow) CD4+ T cells were sorted from splenocytes of CD45.1+WTâCD45.2+MHCII-/- chimeras (WM IMP CD4), and chimeric naïve (CD45.2+TCRβ+CD4+CD44lowCD62Lhigh) CD4+ T cells were sorted from splenocytes of CD45.2+MHCII-/- â CD45.1+WT chimeras (MW naïve CD4) respectively, 8 weeks post transplantation. WT IMP (TCRβ+CD4+CD44highCD62Llow) and naïve (TCRβ+CD4+CD44lowCD62Lhigh) CD4+ T cells were sorted from splenocytes of 8-week old WT mice.
Project description:Introduction: Tobacco smoking generates airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and its involvement in the development of lung cancer is still among the leading causes of early death. Therefore, we aimed to have a better understanding of the disbalance in immunoregulation in chronic inflammatory conditions in smoker subjects with stable COPD (stCOPD), exacerbating COPD (exCOPD), or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Smoker controls without chronic illness were recruited as controls. Through extensive mapping of single cells, surface receptor quantification was achieved by single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) with 29 antibodies. The CyTOF characterized 14 main immune subsets such as CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD4 −/CD8−, and g/d T cells and other subsets such as CD4+ or CD8+ NKT cells, NK cells, B cells, plasmablasts, monocytes, CD11cdim, mDCs, and pDCs. The CD4+ central memory (CM) T cells (CD4+/CD45RA−/CD45RO+/CD197+) and CD4+ effector memory (EM) T cells (CD4+/CD45RA−/CD45RO+/CD197−) were FACSsorted for RNA-Seq analysis. Plasma samples were assayed by Luminex MAGPIX® for the quantitative measurement of 17 soluble immuno-oncology mediators (BTLA, CD28, CD80, CD27, CD40, CD86, CTLA-4, GITR, GITRL, HVEM, ICOS, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIM-3, TLR-2) in the four studied groups. Results: Our focus was on T-cell-dependent differences in COPD and NSCLC, where peripheral CD4+ central memory and CD4+ effector memory cells showed a significant reduction in exCOPD and CD4+ CM showed elevation in NSCLC. The transcriptome analysis delineated a perfect correlation of differentially expressed genes between exacerbating COPD and NSCLCderived peripheral CD4+ CM or CD4+ EM cells. The measurement of 17 immuno-oncology soluble mediators revealed a disease-associated phenotype in the peripheral blood of stCOPD, exCOPD, and NSCLC patients. Discussion: The applied single-cell mass cytometry, the whole transcriptome profiling of peripheral CD4+ memory cells, and the quantification of 17 plasma mediators provided complex data that may contribute to the understanding of the disbalance in immune homeostasis generated or sustained by tobacco smoking in COPD and NSCLC.
Project description:Innate memory phenotype (IMP) CD4+ T cells are non-conventional αβ T cells exhibiting features of innate immune cells, characterized as CD44high and CD62Llow in periphery. It is recently reported by our group that bone marrow chimeric mice lacking thymic MHCI expression develop predominantly IMP CD8+ T cells, while those lacking hematopoietic MHCI develop predominantly naïve CD8+ T cells. Here we perform hirarchical clustering analysis and found that CD4+ T cells share similar property: chimeras lacking thymic MHCII gave rise to predominantly CD4+ T cells that resemble IMP CD4+ T cells observed in WT mice, and vice versa, chimeras lacking hematopoietic MHCII had a majority of naïve-like CD4+ T cells resembling naïveCD4+ T cells seen in WT mice. We used microarrays to compare the global programme of gene expression to determine whether the hematopoietic MHCII selected CD4+ T cells are IMP, and whether the thymic MHCII selected CD4+ T cells are naïve CD4+ T cells as observed in WT mice. Through hierarchical clustering and analysis of global gene differential expression, we determined that hematopoietic MHCII dependent IMP CD4+ T cells generated from WT bone marrow transplanted into irradiated MHCII-/- recipients, resemble IMP CD4+ T cells in WT mice, while naïve CD4+ T cells generated from MHCII-/- bone marrow transplanted into irradiated WT recipients, resemble naïve CD4+ T cells in WT mice.
Project description:This study examines the extent to which memory CD4+ T cells share immunosurveillance strategies with CD8+ resident memory T cells (TRM). After acute viral infection, memory CD4+ T cells predominantly utilized residence to survey nonlymphoid tissues, albeit not as stringently as observed for CD8+ T cells. In contrast, memory CD4+ T cells were more likely to be resident within lymphoid organs than CD8+ T cells. Migration properties of memory-phenotype CD4+ T cells in non-SPF parabionts were similar, generalizing these results to diverse infections and conditions. CD4+ and CD8+ TRM shared overlapping transcriptional signatures and location-specific features, such as granzyme B expression in the small intestine, revealing tissue-specific and migration property-specific, in addition to lineage-specific, differentiation programs. Functionally, mucosal CD4+ TRM reactivation locally triggered both chemokine expression and broad immune cell activation. Thus, residence provides a dominant mechanism for regionalizing CD4+ T cell immunity, and location enforces shared transcriptional, phenotypic, and functional properties with CD8+ T cells.