Project description:The increasing global human population has been associated with the development of high-density urban communities. This has led to increase in fossil energy consumption and posed serious threats to the environment and human health. Organosulfur compounds found in crude oil and transportation fuels such as diesel have gained strong attention because they are hazardous to human and the ecosystem. Moreover, the sulfur oxide gases resulting from fuel combustion are a major cause of acid rain. Governments and environmental organizations worldwide have recognized the problem and implemented strict regulations and legislations that limit the amount of sulfur in diesel. Hydrodesulphurization (HDS) is commonly used by oil refineries to reduce sulfur content in refined fuels. However, HDS has many disadvantages. It is costly, environmentally polluting, and not sufficiently efficient. Accordingly, there has been increasing interest in the development of alternative desulfurization technologies to circumvent the problems associated with the conventional HDS. Biodesulfurization (BDS) has emerged as an alternative or a complement technology to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional HDS. BDS exploits the ability of dedicated microorganisms to remove sulfur from many organosulfur compounds that are commonly found in crude oil and refined fuels. As compared to thermochemical treatments like HDS, BDS is environmentally friendly, cost-effective and active towards organosulfur compounds that escape the conventional HDS. Nonetheless, lack of deep understanding of the physiology and metabolism, particularly sulfur metabolism, of biodesulfurizing microbes has impeded the development and implementation of a commercially viable BDS process. In this project, we apply metabolomics and proteomics to better understand the physiological adaptations and sulfur metabolism of in a model biodesulfurization-competent strain Rhodococcus qingshengii IGTS8.
Project description:This study aimed to compare the mechanisms of action (MOA) of similar natural compounds and observed the changes when they are mixed and used.
2023-04-03 | GSE228524 | GEO
Project description:Microbial Succession of Biodesulfurization
Project description:Many food fermentations are carried out by mixed cultures of lactic acid bacteria. Interactions between strains are of key importance for the performance of these fermentations. Yoghurt fermentation by Streptoccus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (L.bulgaricus) is one of the best-described mixed culture fermentations. These species stimulate each other’s growth by the exchange of metabolites such as folic acid and carbon dioxide. Recently, post-genomic studies have been applied to reveal the global physiological response to mixed culture growth in S. thermophilus, but an in-depth molecular analysis of mixed culture growth of both strains remains to be established. Here we report the application of mixed culture transcriptome profiling and a systematic analysis of candidate interaction compounds on growth, which allowed the unraveling of the molecular responses associated with co-culture growth in batch of S. thermophilus CNRZ1066 and L. bulgaricus ATCC BAA-365 in milk.
Project description:We have developed a 60-mer oligonucleotide multibacterial microarray for detection and expression profiling of biodegradative genes and bacterial diversity (16S rRNA gene) in different habitats contaminated with varieties of hazardous chemicals. The genes selected were involved in biodegradation and biotransformation of various groups of compounds viz. nitroaromatic compounds (148 genes), chloroaromatic compounds (75 genes), monoaromatic compounds (373 genes), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (174 genes), pesticides/ herbicides (34 genes), alkanes/aliphatics (185 genes) and heavy metals (68 genes), which covered a total number of 133 chemicals. The efficiency (specificity, detection sensitivity) of the developed array was evaluated using the labeled genomic DNA of pure bacterial strains, Escherichia coli DH5α and Sphingomonas sp. strain NM-05 (involved in the biodegradation of γ-hexachlorohexane isolated from IPL, Lucknow) at different concentrations of 300ng, 500ng, 800ng, 1000ng and 1250ng. The specificity of the developed array was further validated using mixed cultures containing three strains (Sphingomonas sp. strain NM-05, Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1 and Bordetella sp. strain IITR-02) involved in biodegradation of γ-hexachlorohexane, biphenyl and chlorobenzenes respectively. The mixed culture also contained non-target/non-degrader strains (E. coli DHα, E.coli BL21 and E.coli K12 NCTC50192). The developed array was applied for profiling using the total soil DNA in five contaminated habitats of north India, viz. chloroaromatic chemicals contaminated site (India Pesticide Limited, Chinhat, Lucknow), a river sediments (Gomti river sediment, Lucknow), heavy metal industry dump site (Jajmau industrial area Kanpur), a effluent treatment plant (CETP along Ganges river near Kanpur), and an oil refinery (Mathura oil refinery). Hybridization of 16S rRNA probes revealed the presence of bacteria similar to well characterized genera involved in biodegradation of pollutants. Genes involved in complete degradation pathways for hexachlorocyclohexane (lin), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (tcb), naphthalene (nah), phenol (mph), biphenyl (bph), benzene (ben), toluene (tbm), xylene (xyl), phthalate (pht), Salicylate (sal) and resistance to mercury (mer) were detected with highest intensity. The most abundant genes belonged to hydroxylases, monooxygenases and dehydrogenases which were present in all the five samples. Many compound specific genes which initiate the degradation pathway were also detected. Thus, the array developed and validated here may be useful in assessing the biodegradative potential and composition of environmentally useful bacteria in hazardous ecosystems.
Project description:Many food fermentations are carried out by mixed cultures of lactic acid bacteria. Interactions between strains are of key importance for the performance of these fermentations. Yoghurt fermentation by Streptoccus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (L.bulgaricus) is one of the best-described mixed culture fermentations. These species stimulate each other’s growth by the exchange of metabolites such as folic acid and carbon dioxide. Recently, post-genomic studies have been applied to reveal the global physiological response to mixed culture growth in S. thermophilus, but an in-depth molecular analysis of mixed culture growth of both strains remains to be established. Here we report the application of mixed culture transcriptome profiling and a systematic analysis of candidate interaction compounds on growth, which allowed the unraveling of the molecular responses associated with co-culture growth in batch of S. thermophilus CNRZ1066 and L. bulgaricus ATCC BAA-365 in milk. Comparisons of mono cultures versus mixed cultures, at four time-points in batch fermentation, and comparisons between the four time-points within each fermentation, all in duplicate