Project description:affy_rice_2012_01 - ovation - One of the key questions for future agriculture will be to save agronomical relevant biodiversity. To do so, it is important to select the best crop cultivars that will germinate efficiently (good seed vigor) and for a long period of time (good seed longevity). Surprisingly, while mankind rely heavily on cereals, very few studies have identified genes positively related to cereal seed vigor and longevity. To close this scientific gap, we aimed to identify genes positively involved in rice seed vigor and longevity. We thus used a “controlled deterioration treatment (Tesnier et al., 2002) to mimic natural seed ageing. Seeds are first equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry during three days. Then, during 15 days, three different batch of seeds are either (i) kept at 25°C and 85% RH (control seeds), (ii) placed at 40°C and 85% RH (loss of seed vigor) or (iii) placed at 45°C and 85% RH (loss of germination capacity). Finally, seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 32% RH during three days. Using this CDT treatment, we obtained rice seeds with contrasted seed vigor or germination capacity. We extracted the total RNA from the embryos and we analysed their transcriptome using the Affymetrix Rice Genome Array.-We applied a Controlled Deterioration Treatment (CDT) to seeds from the reference rice cultivar Nipponbare. First, all seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry. Then, depending on the treatment, seeds are placed at 25, 40 or 45°C in 85% relative hygrometry before being finally equilibrated at 25°C and 32% relative hygrometry. The germination of the three seed batches was measured during five days with one measure every 8h. Seeds placed at 25°C during the whole experiment were similar to control seeds kept in the fridge and germinated at nearly 100% in 48h. Seeds placed at 40°C during 15 days germinate at 74% but show altered seedling phenotypes (loss of seed vigor). Finally, seeds placed at 45°C do not germinate. 6 arrays - rice; treated vs untreated comparison
Project description:affy_rice_2012_01 - ivt - One of the key questions for future agriculture will be to save agronomical relevant biodiversity. To do so, it is important to select the best crop cultivars that will germinate efficiently (good seed vigor) and for a long period of time (good seed longevity). Surprisingly, while mankind rely heavily on cereals, very few studies have identified genes positively related to cereal seed vigor and longevity. To close this scientific gap, we aimed to identify genes positively involved in rice seed vigor and longevity. We thus used a “controlled deterioration treatment (Tesnier et al., 2002) to mimic natural seed ageing. Seeds are first equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry during three days. Then, during 15 days, three different batch of seeds are either (i) kept at 25°C and 85% RH (control seeds), (ii) placed at 40°C and 85% RH (loss of seed vigor) or (iii) placed at 45°C and 85% RH (loss of germination capacity). Finally, seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 32% RH during three days. Using this CDT treatment, we obtained rice seeds with contrasted seed vigor or germination capacity. We extracted the total RNA from the embryos and we analysed their transcriptome using the Affymetrix Rice Genome Array.-We applied a Controlled Deterioration Treatment (CDT) to seeds from the reference rice cultivar Nipponbare. First, all seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry. Then, depending on the treatment, seeds are placed at 25, 40 or 45°C in 85% relative hygrometry before being finally equilibrated at 25°C and 32% relative hygrometry. The germination of the three seed batches was measured during five days with one measure every 8h. Seeds placed at 25°C during the whole experiment were similar to control seeds kept in the fridge and germinated at nearly 100% in 48h. Seeds placed at 40°C during 15 days germinate at 74% but show altered seedling phenotypes (loss of seed vigor). Finally, seeds placed at 45°C do not germinate. 12 arrays - rice; treated vs untreated comparison
Project description:affy_rice_2012_01 - ivt - One of the key questions for future agriculture will be to save agronomical relevant biodiversity. To do so, it is important to select the best crop cultivars that will germinate efficiently (good seed vigor) and for a long period of time (good seed longevity). Surprisingly, while mankind rely heavily on cereals, very few studies have identified genes positively related to cereal seed vigor and longevity. To close this scientific gap, we aimed to identify genes positively involved in rice seed vigor and longevity. We thus used a “controlled deterioration treatment (Tesnier et al., 2002) to mimic natural seed ageing. Seeds are first equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry during three days. Then, during 15 days, three different batch of seeds are either (i) kept at 25°C and 85% RH (control seeds), (ii) placed at 40°C and 85% RH (loss of seed vigor) or (iii) placed at 45°C and 85% RH (loss of germination capacity). Finally, seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 32% RH during three days. Using this CDT treatment, we obtained rice seeds with contrasted seed vigor or germination capacity. We extracted the total RNA from the embryos and we analysed their transcriptome using the Affymetrix Rice Genome Array.-We applied a Controlled Deterioration Treatment (CDT) to seeds from the reference rice cultivar Nipponbare. First, all seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry. Then, depending on the treatment, seeds are placed at 25, 40 or 45°C in 85% relative hygrometry before being finally equilibrated at 25°C and 32% relative hygrometry. The germination of the three seed batches was measured during five days with one measure every 8h. Seeds placed at 25°C during the whole experiment were similar to control seeds kept in the fridge and germinated at nearly 100% in 48h. Seeds placed at 40°C during 15 days germinate at 74% but show altered seedling phenotypes (loss of seed vigor). Finally, seeds placed at 45°C do not germinate.
Project description:affy_rice_2012_01 - ovation - One of the key questions for future agriculture will be to save agronomical relevant biodiversity. To do so, it is important to select the best crop cultivars that will germinate efficiently (good seed vigor) and for a long period of time (good seed longevity). Surprisingly, while mankind rely heavily on cereals, very few studies have identified genes positively related to cereal seed vigor and longevity. To close this scientific gap, we aimed to identify genes positively involved in rice seed vigor and longevity. We thus used a “controlled deterioration treatment (Tesnier et al., 2002) to mimic natural seed ageing. Seeds are first equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry during three days. Then, during 15 days, three different batch of seeds are either (i) kept at 25°C and 85% RH (control seeds), (ii) placed at 40°C and 85% RH (loss of seed vigor) or (iii) placed at 45°C and 85% RH (loss of germination capacity). Finally, seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 32% RH during three days. Using this CDT treatment, we obtained rice seeds with contrasted seed vigor or germination capacity. We extracted the total RNA from the embryos and we analysed their transcriptome using the Affymetrix Rice Genome Array.-We applied a Controlled Deterioration Treatment (CDT) to seeds from the reference rice cultivar Nipponbare. First, all seeds are equilibrated at 25°C and 85% relative hygrometry. Then, depending on the treatment, seeds are placed at 25, 40 or 45°C in 85% relative hygrometry before being finally equilibrated at 25°C and 32% relative hygrometry. The germination of the three seed batches was measured during five days with one measure every 8h. Seeds placed at 25°C during the whole experiment were similar to control seeds kept in the fridge and germinated at nearly 100% in 48h. Seeds placed at 40°C during 15 days germinate at 74% but show altered seedling phenotypes (loss of seed vigor). Finally, seeds placed at 45°C do not germinate.
Project description:Seed longevity is a crucial trait in agriculture as it determines the ability of seeds to maintain viability during dry storage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying seed aging and reduced seed longevity are currently not well understood. Here we report the comparative proteome and metabolome profiling of three rice cultivars varying in aging tolerance including an aging tolerant indica cultivar Dharial, an aging sensitive japonica cultivar Ilmi, and a moderately aging tolerant cultivar A2 that was generated by crossing between Dharial and Ilmi. Results obtained from comparative proteome and metabolome profiling suggest that aged seeds of all the cultivars utilize ubiquitin proteasome-mediated protein degradation which results in the accumulation of free amino acids in Ilmi while tolerant cultivars utilize those for energy production and synthesis of heat shock proteins, especially hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein. Additionally, aging tolerant cultivar seems to activate brassinosteroid signalling and suppress jasmonate signaling to initiate a signaling cascade that allows efficient detoxification of aging induced ROS to maintain the seed longevity during aging. Taken together, these results provide an in-depth understand of aging induced changes in rice seeds.
Project description:Permeability is a crucial trait that affects seed longevity and is regulated by different polymers including proanthocyanidins, suberin, cutin and lignin located in the seed coat. By testing mutants in suberin transport and biosynthesis, we demonstrate the importance of this biopolymer to cope with seed deterioration. Transcriptomic analysis of cog1‐2D, a gain‐of‐function mutant with increased seed longevity, revealed the upregulation of several peroxidase genes. Reverse genetics analysing seed longevity uncovered redundancy within the seed coat peroxidase gene family, however after controlled deterioration treatment, seeds from the prx2 prx25 double and prx2 prx25 prx71 triple mutant plants presented lower germination than wild‐type plants. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the seed coat of these mutants showed a thinner palisade layer, but no changes were observed in proanthocyanidin accumulation or in the cuticle layer. Spectrophotometric quantification of acetyl bromide‐soluble lignin components indicated changes in the amount of total polyphenolics derived from suberin and/or lignin in the mutant seeds. Finally, the increased seed coat permeability to tetrazolium salts observed in the prx2 prx25 and prx2 prx25 prx71 mutant lines suggested that the lower permeability of the seed coats caused by altered polyphenolics is likely to be the main reason explaining their reduced seed longevity.
Project description:We aim to improve anti-ageing drug discovery, currently achieved through laborious and lengthy longevity analysis. Recent studies demonstrated that the most accurate molecular method to measure human age is based on CpG methylation profiles, as exemplified by several epigenetics clocks that can accurately predict an individual’s age. Here, we developed CellAge, a new epigenetic clock that measures subtle ageing changes in primary human cells in vitro. As such it provides a unique tool to measure effects of relatively short pharmacological treatments on ageing. We validated our CellAge clock against known longevity drugs such as rapamycin and trametinib. Moreover, we uncovered novel anti-ageing drugs, torin2 and Dactolisib (BEZ-235), demonstrating the value of our approach as a screening and discovery platform for anti-ageing strategies. CellAge outperforms other epigenetic clocks in measuring subtle ageing changes in primary human cells in culture. The tested drug treatments reduced senescence and other ageing markers, further consolidating our approach as a screening platform. Finally, we showed that the novel anti-ageing drugs we uncovered in vitro, indeed increased longevity in vivo. Our method expands the scope of CpG methylation profiling from measuring human chronological and biological age from human samples in years, to accurately and rapidly detecting anti-ageing potential of drugs using human cells in vitro, providing a novel accelerated discovery platform to test sought after geroprotectors.