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In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset III]

ABSTRACT: In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset III]

PROVIDER: PRJNA647401 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset I]

Project description:We examined host gene expression across infection status, viral load, age, and sex among RNA-sequencing profiles of nasopharyngeal swabs from 430 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 and 54 negative controls. SARS-CoV-2 induced a strong interferon-driven antiviral response and reduced transcription of ribosomal proteins. Expression of interferon-responsive genes, including ACE2, increased as a function of viral load. B cells and neutrophils were higher in patients with lower viral load. Older individuals had reduced expression of chemokines CXCL9/10/11, their cognate receptor CXCR3, and CD8A and granzyme B. Males had reduced B and NK cell-specific transcripts and increased NFkB inhibitors. Our data demonstrate that host responses to SARS-CoV-2 are dependent on viral load and infection time course, with observed differences due to age and sex that may contribute to disease severity.

2020-06-22 | GSE152075 | GEO

In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset II]

Project description:In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset II]

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In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset I]

Project description:In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset I]

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In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset III]

Project description:We examined host gene expression as a function of time in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.

2020-07-21 | GSE154769 | GEO

In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age

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Antiviral function of type I and type III interferons in the olfactory epithelium

Project description:Background: The olfactory epithelium (OE) is one of the few sites where environmental pathogens can gain direct access to the brain. Despite this vulnerable arrangement, little is known about the protective mechanisms in the OE to prevent viral infection and subsequent entry into the brain. Methods: We systematically investigated acute responses in the olfactory mucosa (OM) upon exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) by RNA-seq. VSVs were nasally inoculated into C57BL/6 mice. OM were dissected for gene expression analysis at different time points after viral inoculation. Interferon functions were determined by comparing viral gene expression in interferon (Ifn) receptor knockout (Ifnar1-/- and Ifnlr1-/-) with wildtype OM. Results: Antiviral responses were observed as early as 24hrs post viral exposure in the OM. Amongst the rapidly upregulated transcripts observed were specific type I as well as type III Ifns and interferon stimulated genes. Genetic analyses demonstrated that both type I and type III IFN signaling are required for the suppression of viral replication in the OM. Nasal IFNb1 or IFNl2 administration effectively reduces viral load in the OM. Conclusions: OE possesses innate ability to respond and suppress viral infection. Type I and type III IFNs actively participate in the OE’s antiviral functions. Nasal IFN application effectively blocks viral replication in the OE suggesting therapeutic potential against viral insult.

2023-07-03 | GSE154235 | GEO

In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age [dataset II]

Project description:We examined host gene expression in human airway epithelial cells following infection at 3 or 7 days post infection (DPI) with SARS-CoV-2

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In vivo antiviral host response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2020-07-21 | GSE154770 | GEO

In vivo antiviral host transcriptional response to SARS-CoV-2 by viral load, sex, and age.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7478592 | biostudies-literature

Longitudinal host transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults with extremely high viral load

Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate gene expression patterns during the acute SARS-CoV-2 illness. The cases included SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with an extremely high viral load early in their illness matched to individuals who either had a low SARS-CoV-2 viral load early in their infection or were otherwise stable patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 prior to their outpatient surgical or aerosol generating procedure. We detected hundreds of up-regulated genes that were highly correlated to the SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Many of these up-regulated genes were enriched in cellular pathways involved in the innate immune response, antiviral interferon and cytokine signaling, and cell death.

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