Project description:Background: Previous array CGH analyses have revealed several recurring genomic alterations in urothelial carcinoma. The most common genomic amplifications occur at 6p22 and 1q21-24. The main target gene at 6p22 is believed to be E2F3. This gene is frequently co-amplified with CDKAL1 and SOX4 and there are reports on 6p22 amplifications that do not include the E2F3 locus. Previous array CGH analyses have indicated multiple possible target regions at 1q21-24. However, due to complex rearrangements it has been difficult to identify specific 1q21-24 target regions and target genes. Results: We show that the most commonly amplified gene at 6p22 is SOX4 and that SOX4 can be amplified and over expressed without E2F3 or CDKAL1 being included in the amplicon. Hence, our data point to SOX4 as an auxiliary amplification target at 6p22. We further show that at least three amplified regions are observed at 1q21-24. Copy number data, combined with gene expression data, highlighted BCL9 and CHD1L as possible targets in the most proximal region and MCL1, SETDB1, and HIF1B as targets in the middle region, whereas no obvious gene targets could be determined in the most distal amplicon. We also highlight the enrichment of G4 quadruplex sequence motifs and the high number of intraregional sequence duplications, both known to contribute to genomic instability, as prominent features of the 1q21-24 region. Conclusions: Our detailed analyses of the 6p22 amplicon in urothelial carcinomas suggest SOX4 as an auxiliary target gene for amplification. We further demonstrate three separate target regions for amplification at 1q21-24 and identified BCL9, CHD1L, MCL1, SETDB1, and HIF1B as likely target genes within these regions.
Project description:OBJECTIVES: Amplification of the 11q13 locus is commonly observed in a number of human cancers including both breast and ovarian cancer. Cyclin D1 and EMS1 have been implicated as candidate oncogenes involved in the emergence of amplification at this locus. Detailed analysis of the 11q13 amplicon in breast cancer led to the discovery of four regions of amplification suggesting the involvement of other genes. Here, we investigate the role of EMSY, a recently described BRCA2 interacting protein, as a key element of the 11q13 amplicon in ovarian cancer. EMSY maps to 11q13.5 and is amplified in 13% of breast and 17% of ovarian carcinomas. METHODS: EMSY amplification was assessed by fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) in 674 ovarian cancers in a tissue microarray and correlated with histopathological subtype and tumor grade. A detailed map of the 11q13 amplicon in 51 cases of ovarian cancer was obtained using cDNA-array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). To further characterize the role of EMSY within this amplicon, we evaluated both the amplification profiles and RNA expression levels of EMSY and two other genes from the 11q13 amplicon in an additional series of 22 ovarian carcinomas. : EMSY amplification was seen in 52/285 (18%) high grade papillary serous carcinomas, 4/27 (15%) high grade endometrioid carcinomas, 3/38 (8%) clear cell carcinomas, and 3/10 (30%) undifferentiated carcinomas. aCGH mapping of 11q13 in ovarian cancer showed that EMSY localized to the region with the highest frequency of copy number gain. Cyclin D1 and EMS1 showed a lower frequency of copy number gain. A highly significant correlation between EMSY gene amplification and RNA expression was also observed (P = 0.0001). This was a stronger correlation than for other genes at 11q13 including Cyclin D1 and PAK1. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the role of EMSY as a key oncogene within the 11q13 amplicon in ovarian cancer. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Keywords: Logical Set
Project description:Analysis of Cas9/sgRNA mutagenic activity at a variety of loci in zebrafish. Each loci has a control, where no Cas9/sgRNA were injected. This is amplicon sequencing with Illumina, after PCR amplification. Data was processed with ampliCan R package version 1.1.1.
Project description:Analysis of Cas9/sgRNA mutagenic activity at a variety of loci in zebrafish. Each loci has a control, where no Cas9/sgRNA were injected. This is amplicon sequencing with Illumina, after PCR amplification. Data was processed with ampliCan R package version 1.1.1.
Project description:Analysis of Cas9/sgRNA mutagenic activity at a variety of loci in zebrafish. Each loci has a control, where no Cas9/sgRNA were injected. This is amplicon sequencing with Illumina, after PCR amplification. Data was processed with ampliCan R package version 1.1.1.