Antagonistic activities of co-transcriptional regulators within an early developmental window sets quantitative FLC expression
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PROVIDER: PRJNA701753 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Quantitative variation in expression of the Arabidopsis floral repressor FLC influences whether plants overwinter before flowering or have a rapid cycling habit, enabling multiple generations a year. Genetic analysis has identified activators and repressors of FLC expression, but how they interact to set expression level is poorly understood. Here, we show that antagonistic functions of the FLC activator FRIGIDA (FRI), and the repressor FCA, at a specific stage of embryo development, determines FLC expression and flowering. FRI antagonizes an FCA-induced proximal polyadenylation to increase FLC expression and delay flowering. Sector analysis shows that FRI activity during the early heart stage of embryo development maximally delays flowering. Opposing functions of co-transcriptional regulators during an early embryonic developmental window thus set FLC expression levels and determine flowering time.
2021-03-19 | GSE166728 | GEO
Project description:Quantitative variation in expression of the Arabidopsis floral repressor FLC influences whether plants overwinter before flowering, or have a rapid cycling habit enabling multiple generations a year. Genetic analysis has identified activators and repressors of FLC expression but how they interact to set expression level is poorly understood. Here, we show that antagonistic functions of the FLC activator FRIGIDA (FRI) and the repressor FCA, at a specific stage of embryo development, determine FLC expression and flowering. FRI antagonizes an FCA-induced proximal polyadenylation to increase FLC expression and delay flowering. Sector analysis shows that FRI activity during the early heart stage of embryo development maximally delays flowering. Opposing functions of cotranscriptional regulators during an early embryonic developmental window thus set FLC expression levels and determine flowering time.
| S-EPMC8092400 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Hight throughput techniques have revealed huge complexity in antisense RNAs in many organisms. We have explored the complexity of this class of transcripts and functional links to Polycomb silencing thought analysis of non-coding RNAs of Arabidopsis FLC. FLC is repressed and epigenetically silenced by prolonged cold, enabling plants to undergo the floral transition. Single nucleotide resolution tiling array revealed long non-coding transcripts covering the entire FLC locus. The most abundant of these are capped and polyadenylated, initiate over a 100 nucleotide window just downstream of the sense polyA site, are differentially spliced and terminate either within the sense gene or its promoter. Their levels correlate with FLC sense transcripts in all mutants and conditions tested except cold treatment. The antisense transcripts were strongly but transiently cold-induced, much earlier than other vernalization markers, and this coincided with reduction in sense FLC transcription but not sense FLC mRNA levels. Addition of the FLC antisense 5'/sense 3' region to a GFP transgene was sufficient to confer cold-induced silencing of thet fusion; however this silencing was not epigenetically manteined. These processes were all independent of the function of the Polycomb proteins required for maintenance of FLC silencing. Our data suggest that FLC antisense transcripts induce transient FLC transcriptional silencing, possibly through promoter interference, with the epigenetic silencing requiring subsequent recruitment of Polycomb machinery. Total seedling RNA from different genotypes and different conditions: WT, FRIGIDA, 35s::FCA (giving overexpression of FCA), FRIGIDA + 2 weeks cold, FRIGIDA + 2 weeks cold + 7 days warm.
2009-12-31 | E-GEOD-16977 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hight throughput techniques have revealed huge complexity in antisense RNAs in many organisms. We have explored the complexity of this class of transcripts and functional links to Polycomb silencing thought analysis of non-coding RNAs of Arabidopsis FLC. FLC is repressed and epigenetically silenced by prolonged cold, enabling plants to undergo the floral transition. Single nucleotide resolution tiling array revealed long non-coding transcripts covering the entire FLC locus. The most abundant of these are capped and polyadenylated, initiate over a 100 nucleotide window just downstream of the sense polyA site, are differentially spliced and terminate either within the sense gene or its promoter. Their levels correlate with FLC sense transcripts in all mutants and conditions tested except cold treatment. The antisense transcripts were strongly but transiently cold-induced, much earlier than other vernalization markers, and this coincided with reduction in sense FLC transcription but not sense FLC mRNA levels. Addition of the FLC antisense 5'/sense 3' region to a GFP transgene was sufficient to confer cold-induced silencing of thet fusion; however this silencing was not epigenetically manteined. These processes were all independent of the function of the Polycomb proteins required for maintenance of FLC silencing. Our data suggest that FLC antisense transcripts induce transient FLC transcriptional silencing, possibly through promoter interference, with the epigenetic silencing requiring subsequent recruitment of Polycomb machinery.
2009-12-31 | GSE16977 | GEO
Project description:Arabiposis plants with conbinations of different FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) alleles grown in short days (9L:15D) for 30 days at 21°C, then shifted to long days (16L:8D). Genotypes: Columbia wild type (Col-0): fri FLC Columbia with introgressed FRI from Sf-2: FRI FLC Columbia with introgressed FRI and deleted FLC (flc-3): FRI flc Columbia with deleted FLC (flc-3): fri flc Time points: 0, 2, and 4 days after shift to long days Keywords = flowering Keywords: time-course
2003-08-06 | GSE577 | GEO
Project description:Plants of three different genotypes (FRI FLC, FRI flc and fri flc) were induced to flowering by shifting from short day conditions to long day conditions. FRI=FRIGIDA, FLC=FLOWERING LOCUS C.
2005-09-08 | E-TABM-19 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare liver cancer. Here we characterized the small RNA expression landscape of primary FLC, a FLC patient-derived xenograft model, and normal maturational liver lineage stages
2019-03-07 | GSE114974 | GEO
Project description:FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a MADS box transcription factor that plays a well characterised role in repressing the vegetative to floral transition of Arabidopsis thaliana. FLC has also been shown to affect the Arabidopsis circadian clock, with mutant seedlings showing short circadian periods. In a previous study, we identified the temperature-dependent circadian period QTL PerCv5b near the FLC locus on the top arm of Chromosome 5. PerCv5b caused a significant period effect at 27oC but not at 12oC or 22oC. Temperature-dependent circadian period phenotypes and a known polymorphism in the Ler allele made FLC a strong candidate gene for PerCv5b. The period effect of FLC was enhanced by combination with alleles of FRIGIDA (FRI), a gene shown to up-regulate FLC's expression. We were interested in identifying how FLC affects the circadian clock, so we decided to identify its target genes. Greatest phenotypic difference was observed between fri; flc and FRI; FLC genotype seedlings at 27oC, so expression was compared between these lines (previously described in Michaels and Amasino1999 and 2001) on the Affymetrix ATH1 microarray. Seedlings were grown on media (MS 1.5% Agar containing 3% Sucrose) for 6 days under constant cool white fluorescent light (55-60 micro EINSTEINS) at 22oC then entrained for 4 days under (12h , 12h) light , dark cycles at 22oC. At dawn on the fourth day of entrainment they were transferred to constant light (25-30 micro EINSTEINS) at 27oC. Four samples were taken at 6 hour intervals starting 24h after the transfer to continuous conditions at the times 24h, 30h, 36h and 42h. Equal amounts of total RNA were pooled from the three time points to produce one sample per genotype. The pooling strategy was employed to reduce the effect of circadian regulation on genes expression. This was particularly important in our case as some interesting genes would likely be regulated by the circadian clock and may only show expression differences at particular phases that could easily be missed if using just one time point. Experimenter name = Kieron Edwards Experimenter phone = 0131 651 3326 Experimenter fax = 0131 650 5392 Experimenter department = Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences Experimenter institute = University of Edinbugh Experimenter address = Kings Buildings Experimenter address = Mayfield Road Experimenter address = Edinburgh Experimenter zip/postal_code = EH9 3JH Experimenter country = UK Keywords: genetic_modification_design
2006-08-15 | GSE5528 | GEO
Project description:Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare liver cancer. Expression of miR-375 is significantly lost in primary FLC tumors compared to non-malignant liver. Here, we treated a FLC cell line with miR-375 mimic or scramble control to determine the function of miR-375 in FLC.
2019-03-07 | GSE125602 | GEO
Project description:Arabiposis plants with conbinations of different FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) alleles grown in short days (9L:15D) for 30 days at 21°C, then shifted to long days (16L:8D). Genotypes:; Columbia wild type (Col-0): fri FLC; Columbia with introgressed FRI from Sf-2: FRI FLC; Columbia with introgressed FRI and deleted FLC (flc-3): FRI flc; Columbia with deleted FLC (flc-3): fri flc; Time points:; 0, 2, and 4 days after shift to long days
2007-10-04 | E-GEOD-577 | biostudies-arrayexpress