Project description:Breeding day-neutral strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) is pivotal to extend fruit-bearing season and increase the efficiency of production. However, genetic improvement of day-neutrality by the means of molecular marker technologies remains slow due to genome complexity of octoploid strawberry. This study employs an innovative approach by integrating the Subtracted Diversity Array (SDA) technology and Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) to facilitate the identification of molecular markers associated with day-neutrality in octoploid strawberry. A Fragaria Discovery Panel (FDP) containing 287 features specific to strawberry genome was constructed as a platform for rapid screening of DNA polymorphism between one short day (SD) strawberry DNA bulk and three day-neutral (DN) bulks varrying in flowering strength. Differential array hybridisation patterns between the DN and SD bulks revealed a novel molecular marker, FaP2E11, closely linked to CYTOKININ OXIDASE 1 (CKX1) gene possibly involved in promoting flowering under non-inductive condition. Interestingly, a 12 bp deletion was observed within the FaP2E11 sequence cloned from SD genotypes but not DN genotypes. As cytokinin is required to induce flowering, this result indicates that full sequence of FaP2E11 and the sequence with deletion are allelic variants linked to the low enzyme activity CKX1 and the wild type alleles, respectively.
Project description:Assembly of eukaryotic ribosomes begins in the nucleolus, a compartmentalized membraneless organelle. Although the two ribosomal subunits, 40S and 60S, assemble independently, it remains unknown if these particles are physically sorted as they assemble and how they partition from the central chromatin compartment into the outer nucleolar regions, where maturation occurs. In this study, we show that nucleophosmin specifically mediates the assembly of nascent 60S subunits and that this specificity is determined by its chromatin localization at the rDNA sites encoding for 60S subunit rRNA. Nucleophosmin dissociates from chromatin to bind nascent 60S subunits, causing their partitioning away from chromatin and from nascent 40S subunits through liquid-liquid phase separation. This directs translocation of nascent 60S subunits towards the nucleophosmin-rich granular component, where biogenesis continues. Notably, this compartmentalization increases the efficiency of 60S subunit assembly, specifically the incorporation of the 60S domain III. Our data reveal that the chromatin localization of nucleophosmin determines its specificity in sorting and coordinates the movement of ribosomal subunits into specialized assembly compartments.
Project description:The vast majority of the mitochondrial proteome originates from nuclear genes and is transported into the organelle after synthesis in the cytosol. Complex machineries, which maintain the specificity of protein import and sorting exist. Dysfunctions of mitochondrial protein sorting pathways result in diminishing specific substrate proteins, followed by systemic pathology of the organelle and organismal death. Cellular responses that are caused by slowdown in the transport of mitochondrial proteins are unknown. Here we have used RNA-seq transcription profiling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to uncover the changes in the cellular transcriptome in the response to mitochondrial protein import dysfunction caused by mutation in the MIA40 gene. Mia40 is a key component of the mitochondrial intermembrane import and assembly (MIA) pathway. Mia40-4int mutant used in this study is not viable at high temperatures, while in the low, permissive temperature it expresses growth rate comparable to the wild-type strain. Even during the permissive temperature culture mutant cells are characterized by decreased accumulation of MIA substrate proteins. Thus permissive growth conditions were used in the present experiment to emphasise primary responses to mitochondrial protein import defect.