Low-dose DNA demethylating therapy induces reprogramming of diverse cancer-related pathways at the single-cell level
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PROVIDER: PRJNA720322 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Epigenetic reprogramming using DNA demethylating drugs is a promising approach for cancer therapy, but its efficacy is highly dependent on the dosing regimen. Low-dose treatment for a prolonged period shows a remarkable therapeutic efficacy, despite its small demethylating effect. Here, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of how such low-dose treatment shows this remarkable efficacy by focusing on epigenetic reprograming at the single-cell level. METHODS:Expression profiles in HCT116 cells treated with decitabine (DAC) were analyzed by single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). Functional consequences and DNA demethylation at the single-cell level were analyzed using cloned HCT116 cells after DAC treatment. RESULTS:scRNA-seq revealed that DAC-treated cells had highly diverse expression profiles at the single-cell level, and tumor-suppressor genes, endogenous retroviruses, and interferon-stimulated genes were upregulated in random fractions of cells. DNA methylation analysis of cloned HCT116 cells revealed that, while only partial reduction of DNA methylation levels was observed in bulk cells, complete demethylation of specific cancer-related genes, such as cell cycle regulation, WNT pathway, p53 pathway, and TGF-? pathway, was observed, depending upon clones. Functionally, a clone with complete demethylation of CDKN2A (p16) had a larger fraction of cells with tetraploid than parental cells, indicating induction of cellular senescence due to normalization of cell cycle regulation. CONCLUSIONS:Epigenetic reprogramming of specific cancer-related pathways at the single-cell level is likely to underlie the remarkable efficacy of low-dose DNA demethylating therapy.
| S-EPMC7507826 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2021-04-07 | GSE171622 | GEO
Project description:Combination therapy with estrogen and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is a promising approach to safely alleviate important side effects related to estrogen deficiency in women at high risk for breast cancer. Data related to endometrial safety of estrogen+SERM co-therapies are limited, however. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the endometrial profile of low-dose E2 and Tam alone and in combination. In this study 16 postmenopausal female cynomolgus macaques were randomized to receive placebo, low-dose micronized estradiol (E2, 0.25 mg/1800 kcal), the SERM tamoxifen (Tam, 20 mg/1800 kcal), or E2+Tam in a parallel-arm design. Endometrial samples were collected after 4 months of treatment and used for microarray analysis.
2010-05-06 | E-GEOD-14518 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Combination therapy with estrogen and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is a promising approach to safely alleviate important side effects related to estrogen deficiency in women at high risk for breast cancer. Data related to endometrial safety of estrogen+SERM co-therapies are limited, however. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the endometrial profile of low-dose E2 and Tam alone and in combination.
2009-02-03 | GSE14518 | GEO
Project description:Low-dose quercetin positively regulates mouse healthspan
| PRJNA545993 | ENA
Project description:We are investigating the response of human lymphoblastoid cells to low-dose exposure of environmental metals We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression upon response to low-dose metals Keywords: dose
2010-04-01 | GSE20320 | GEO
Project description:Acetaminophen is the primary cause of acute liver toxicity in Europe/USA. Therefore, the FDA reconsiders recommendations concerning safe acetaminophen dosage/use. Current tests for liver toxicity are no ideal predictive markers for liver injury. Here, ‘omics techniques (global analysis of metabolomic/gene expression responses) may provide additional insight. To better understand acetaminophen-induced responses at low dose, we evaluated effects of (sub-)therapeutic acetaminophen doses on metabolite formation/global gene-expression changes (including, for the first time, miRNA) in blood/urine samples from healthy human volunteers. Three dose rounds with 6 individuals were performed with 0.5, 2 or 4 g APAP. In the 0.5 and 2 g dose-rounds T0(control) T1, T7 and T25 samples were collected in the 4g round only T0(control) and T25 samples are available.
2011-07-07 | E-GEOD-30418 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of solid cancers comprises the administration of a photosensitizer followed by illumination of the photosensitizerreplete tumor with laser light. This induces a state of local oxidative stress, culminating in the destruction of tumor tissue and microvasculature and induction of an anti-tumor immune response. However, some tumor types, including perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, are relatively refractory to PDT, which may be attributable to the activation of survival pathways in tumor cells following PDT (i.e., activator protein 1 (AP-1)-, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB)-, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)-, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2), and unfolded protein response-mediated pathways). To assess the activation of survival pathways after PDT, human perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (SK-ChA-1) cells were subjected to PDT with zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPC)-encapsulating liposomes. Following a 30-minute incubation with liposomes, the cells were either left untreated or treated at low (50 mW) or high (500 mW) laser power (cumulative light dose of 15 J/cm2). Cells were harvested 90 minutes post-PDT and whole genome expression analysis was performed using Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 expression beadchips. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (SK-ChA-1) cells were incubated with PBS (control group) or 500 μM zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPC)-encapsulating liposomes (ZnPC-ITLs, final lipid concentration). After 30 minutes, cells that were incubated with ZnPC-ITLs were either kept in the dark (ITL group) or were treated with 500-mW (ITL 500) or 50-mW (ITL 50) laser light (n = 3 per group, cumulative light dose of 15 J/cm2). Ninety minutes after photodynamic therapy, total cellular RNA was isolated and gene expression levels were analyzed by using the Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 platform. The data was analyzed in the context of survival signalling and comparisons were made with the control group.
2016-01-04 | E-GEOD-68292 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Low dose chronic angiotensin II induces selective senescence of kidney endothelial cells
| PRJNA742686 | ENA
Project description:Here we evaluated the contribution of cellular senescence to the effect of chronic exposure to low dose angiotensin II in a mouse model that mimics the initiation of hypertension. We utilized the INK-ATTAC (p16ink4a - Apoptosis Through Targeted Activation of Caspase 8) mouse model that allows for conditional elimination of p16ink4a -dependent senescent cells by administration of AP20187. INK-ATTAC mice received continuous low doses of angiotensin II over 3 weeks and AP20187 vs vehicle. In the kidneys increased expression of ATM, p15 and p21 matched with angiotensin II induction of senescence-associated secretory phenotype genes MMP3, FGF2, IGFBP2, and tPA. AP20187-mediated elimination of p16-dependent senescent cells prevented physiologic, cellular and molecular responses to angiotensin II. We conclude that angiotensin II induces a relatively selective senescence transformation of renal endothelial cells that could provide a novel therapeutic target for senolytic drugs as alternative treatment options for hypertension and resulting tissue damage.
2022-01-10 | GSE179195 | GEO