ABSTRACT: Lactobacillus intestinalis-derived indole-3-propionic acid mediates benefits of maternal tryptophan metabolism on offspring intestinal health
Project description:DNA binding profiles of three maternal factors (Tcf7, Gata.a and Zic-r.a) in chordate 16-cell stage embryo. 16-cell stage ciona intestinalis embryos were collected from multiple batches and the extracted chromatin was immunoprecipitated by the antibodies which specifically recognize ciona Gata.a, Tcf7 and Zic-r.a, respectively.
Project description:Altered tryptophan catabolism has been identified in inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), but the causal mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolites to disease are unknown. Using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model we identify alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and specifically indole, that correlate with disease. We demonstrate that both bacteria and dietary tryptophan are required for disease, and indole supplementation is sufficient to induce disease in their absence. When mice with CIA on a low-tryptophan diet were supplemented with indole, we observed significant increases in serum IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β; splenic RORγt+CD4+ T cells and ex vivo collagen-stimulated IL-17 production; and a pattern of anti-collagen antibody isotype switching and glycosylation that corresponded with increased complement fixation. IL-23 neutralization reduced disease severity in indole-induced CIA. Finally, exposure of human colon lymphocytes to indole increased expression of genes involved in IL-17 signaling and plasma cell activation. Altogether, we propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis during inflammatory arthritis results in altered tryptophan catabolism, leading to indole stimulation of arthritis development. Blockade of indole generation may present a novel therapeutic pathway for RA and SpA.
Project description:Recent whole-genome studies and in-depth expressed sequence tag (EST) analyses have identified most of the developmentally relevant genes in the urochordate, Ciona intestinalis. In this study, we made use of a large-scale oligo-DNA microarray to further investigate and identify genes with specific or correlated expression profiles. This large-scale oligo-DNA microarray for C. intestinalis should facilitate the understanding of global gene expression and gene networks during the development and ageing of a basal chordate. Keywords: gene expression, development, ageing, life cycle
Project description:To investigate the transcriptional responses of intestinal epithelial cells and Giardia intestinalis, assemblage A isolate WB-C6, trophozoites during infection, we infected human enteroids with preconditioned trophozoites for 1h and 3h. Giardia intestinalis trophozoites were preconditioned before the infection with either DMEM/F-12 or DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 10% FBS to modify the trophozoites’ fitness.
Project description:A genome decoded chordate Ciona intestinalis is one of the suitable animal for analyzing genetic controls in early embryogenesis and zygotically expressed genes are especially intensely studied. However maternally expressed genes are less studied than zygotic ones because of their huge numbers. These microarray experiments were carried out to screen rapidly degrading mRNA to identify crucial maternal mRNAs for Ciona embryogenesis in relatively a short period before their degradation.
Project description:We report the comprehensive sequencing of small RNA libraries created from different developmental stages (larva and gastrula) of the basal chordate, Ciona intestinalis. These libraries were used for the identification of microRNAs in this organism. Sequencing of small RNA libraries from 2 stages of Ciona intestinalis.
Project description:A genome decoded chordate Ciona intestinalis is one of the suitable animal for analyzing genetic controls in early embryogenesis and zygotically expressed genes are especially intensely studied. However maternally expressed genes are less studied than zygotic ones because of their huge numbers. These microarray experiments were carried out to screen rapidly degrading mRNA to identify crucial maternal mRNAs for Ciona embryogenesis in relatively a short period before their degradation. Two samples (unfertilized eggs vs 32-cell stage embryos), two biological replicates, dye Swap design
