Phosphatidylglycerol synthesis facilitates plastid gene expression and light induction of nuclear photosynthetic genes
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA747016 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We report that phosphatidylglycerol (PG) biosynthesis in plastid is required for plastid gene expression mediated by plastid-encoded RNA polymerase and light-induced expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthesis-associated genes. A transcription factor GOLDEN-LIKE1 was also found to be involved in the downregulation of nuclear photosynthesis genes in responce to PG deficiency.
2022-07-15 | GSE180205 | GEO
Project description:Plastids emit signals that broadly affect cellular processes. Based on previous genetic analyses, we propose that plastid signaling regulates the downstream components of a light signaling network and that these interactions coordinate chloroplast biogenesis with both the light environment and development by regulating gene expression. We tested these ideas by analyzing light-regulated and plastid-regulated transcriptomes. We found that the plastid is a major regulator of light signaling, attenuating the expression of more than half of all light-regulated genes in our dataset and changing the nature of light regulation for a smaller fraction of these light-regulated genes. Our analyses provide evidence that light and plastid signaling are interactive processes and are consistent with these interactions serving as major drivers of chloroplast biogenesis and function.
2012-03-02 | GSE24517 | GEO
Project description:Canonical retrograde signalling comprises information transmission from organelles to the nucleus and in particular controls gene expression for organellar proteins. The need to re-assess this paradigm was suggested by discrepancies between de novo protein synthesis and transcript abundance in response to excess light. Here we uncover major components of a translation-dependent retrograde signalling pathway that first impacts translation and then transcription. The response realization depends on the kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) and Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinase (SnRK1) subunit, AKIN10. Global ribosome foot-printing revealed differential ribosome association of 951 transcripts within 10 min after transfer from low to high light. Despite predominant translational repression, 15 % of transcripts were increased in translation and enriched for chloroplast-localized photosynthetic proteins. About one third of these transcripts, including Stress associated proteins (SAP) 2 and 3, share regulatory motifs in their 5`-UTR that act as binding sites for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) and light responsive RNA binding proteins (RBPs). SAP2 and 3 are both translationally regulated and interact with the calcium sensor Calmodulin-like 49 (CML49), which promotes relocation to the nucleus inducing a translation-dependent nuclear stress response. Thus, translation-dependent retrograde signalling bifurcates to directly regulate a translational circuit of chloroplast proteins and simultaneously initiate a nuclear circuit synchronizing retrograde and anterograde response pathways, serving as a rapid mechanism for functional acclimation of the chloroplast CML49 KO and SAP3 KO 0' and 60' of low light (8µE) to high light (800µE) transfer in comparison to Col-0
2022-08-25 | GSE211805 | GEO
Project description:Plastids emit signals that broadly affect cellular processes. Based on previous genetic analyses, we propose that plastid signaling regulates the downstream components of a light signaling network and that these interactions coordinate chloroplast biogenesis with both the light environment and development by regulating gene expression. We tested these ideas by analyzing light-regulated and plastid-regulated transcriptomes. We found that the plastid is a major regulator of light signaling, attenuating the expression of more than half of all light-regulated genes in our dataset and changing the nature of light regulation for a smaller fraction of these light-regulated genes. Our analyses provide evidence that light and plastid signaling are interactive processes and are consistent with these interactions serving as major drivers of chloroplast biogenesis and function. Four biological replicates were grown separately under the same conditions. Arabidopsis seedlings were grown in the presence (+Lin) or absence (-Lin) of lincomycin in 0.5 µmol m-2 s-1 blue plus red (BR) light for 6 days. After 6 days of growth in 0.5 µmol m-2 s-1 of BR light, seedlings were transferred to 60 µmol m-2 s-1 BR light. 50-100 seedlings were collected before (0 h) and 0.5 h, 1 h, 4 h, and 24 h after the 0.5 to 60 µmol m-2 s-1 BR-fluence-rate shift for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2012-03-02 | E-GEOD-24517 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Canonical retrograde signalling comprises information transmission from organelles to the nucleus and in particular controls gene expression for organellar proteins. The need to re-assess this paradigm was suggested by discrepancies between de novo protein synthesis and transcript abundance in response to excess light. Here we uncover major components of a translation-dependent retrograde signalling pathway that first impacts translation and then transcription. The response realization depends on the kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) and Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinase (SnRK1) subunit, AKIN10. Global ribosome foot-printing revealed differential ribosome association of 951 transcripts within 10 min after transfer from low to high light. Despite predominant translational repression, 15 % of transcripts were increased in translation and enriched for chloroplast-localized photosynthetic proteins. About one third of these transcripts, including Stress associated proteins (SAP) 2 and 3, share regulatory motifs in their 5`-UTR that act as binding sites for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) and light responsive RNA binding proteins (RBPs). SAP2 and 3 are both translationally regulated and interact with the calcium sensor Calmodulin-like 49 (CML49), which promotes relocation to the nucleus inducing a translation-dependent nuclear stress response. Thus, translation-dependent retrograde signalling bifurcates to directly regulate a translational circuit of chloroplast proteins and simultaneously initiate a nuclear circuit synchronizing retrograde and anterograde response pathways, serving as a rapid mechanism for functional acclimation of the chloroplast.
2022-08-24 | GSE211494 | GEO
Project description:Bigelowiella natans is a marine chlorarachniophyte whose plastid was acquired secondarily via endosymbiosis with a green alga. Integrating a photosynthetic endosymbiont within the host metabolism on route to plastid evolution would require the acquisition of strategies for coping with changes in light intensity and modifications of host genes to appropriately respond to changes in photosynthetic metabolism. To investigate the transcriptional response to light intensity in chlorarachniophytes, we conducted an RNA-seq experiment to identify differentially-expressed genes following four-hour shift to high or very-low light. A shift to high light altered the expression of over 2000 genes, many involved with photosynthesis, primary metabolism, and reactive-oxygen scavenging. These changes are related to an attempt to optimize photosynthesis and increase energy sinks for excess reductant, while minimizing photo-oxidative stress. A transfer to very-low light resulted in a lower photosynthetic performance and metabolic alteration, reflecting an energy-limited state. Genes located on the nucleomorph, the vestigial nucleus in the plastid, had few changes in expression in either light treatment, indicating this organelle has relinquished most transcriptional control to the nucleus. Overall, during plastid origin, both host and transferred endosymbiont genes evolved a harmonized transcriptional network to respond to a classic photosynthetic stress.
2019-01-01 | GSE115762 | GEO
Project description:Chloroplast biogenesis represents a crucial step in seedling development, and is essential for the transition to autotrophic growth in plants. This light-controlled process relies on the transcription of nuclear and plastid genomes that drives the effective assembly and regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. Here we reveal a novel regulation level for this process by showing the involvement of chromatin remodelling in the coordination of nuclear and plastid gene expression for proper chloroplast biogenesis and function. The two Arabidopsis homologs of the yeast EPL1 proteins, core components of the NuA4 histone acetyl-transferase complex, are essential for the correct assembly and performance of chloroplasts. EPL1 proteins are necessary for the coordinated expression of nuclear genes encoding most of the components of chloroplast transcriptional machinery, specifically promoting H4K5Ac deposition in these loci. These data unveil a key participation of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in the coordinated expression of the nuclear and plastid genomes.
2022-07-26 | GSE180614 | GEO
Project description:Retrograde signaling from the chloroplast to the nucleus is necessary to regulate the chloroplast proteome during development and fluctuating environmental conditions. Although the specific chloroplast process(es) that must occur and the nature of the signal(s) that exits the chloroplast are not well understood, previous studies using drug inhibitors of chloroplast biogenesis have revealed that normal chloroplast development is required to express Photosynthesis Associated Nuclear Genes (PhANGs). In an attempt to determine which specific steps in chloroplast development are involved in retrograde signaling, we analyzed Arabidopsis mutants defective in the six genes encoding sigma factor (Sig) proteins that are utilized by the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase to transcribe specific sets of plastid genes. Here, we demonstrate that both Sig2 and Sig6 have partially redundant roles in not only plastid transcription, but also tetrapyrrole synthesis and retrograde signaling to control PhANG expression. Normal PhANG expression can be partly restored in the sig2 mutant by increasing heme synthesis. Furthermore, there is a genetic interaction between Sig and GUN (genomes uncoupled) genes to generate chloroplast-retrograde signals. These results demonstrate that defective plastid transcription is the source of at least two retrograde signals to the nucleus; one involving tetrapyrrole synthesis and the other involving the accumulation of an unknown plastid transcript. We also propose that the study of sig mutants (with defects in the expression of specific plastid genes) provides a new genetic system, which avoids the use of harsh inhibitors and their potential side effects, to monitor developmental retrograde signaling and to elucidate its mechanisms.
2012-09-18 | E-MTAB-4338 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:For establishing the photosynthetic apparatus plant cells must orchestrate the expression of genes encoded in both nucleus and chloroplast. Therefore a crosstalk between the two compartments is necessary. We employed a gene expression profiling approach in order to elucidate the changes in gene expression that occur at different stages of plastid development.
2020-02-07 | GSE144694 | GEO
Project description:Zebra leaf is a special phenotype of variegated leaf in monocotyledonous plant. Here, we characterized a mutant zebra10 (zb10) in maize, which displays defective chloroplast development in white section of leaves at the seedling stage and pale-white kernels. Map based cloning revealed that ZB10 encodes plastid terminal oxidase (ZmPTOX) which is localized in chloroplasts. ZmPTOX protein is highest expressed in leaves and also highly expressed in endosperm. Expression and metabolism analysis showed that function-loss of PTOX interferes with carotenoid synthesis and chloroplast biogenesis by affecting phytoene desaturase activity. In-depth observation showed that crossband formation of zebra leaf could be related to photoperiodic rhythm, and expression of alternative oxidases 2 (ZmAOX2) could be regulated by circadian rhythm and light intensity in zb10. Further studies revealed ectopic expression of ZmAOX2 protein can function in chloroplasts and rescue the defective phenotype of im. We conclude that ZmPTOX plays an vital role in carotenoid synthesis and plastid biogenesis in maize. ZmAOX2 involve in formation of zebra crossbands with diurnal rhythm and green-revertible process of leaves in zb10.
2024-03-01 | GSE259213 | GEO