Basal-epithelial stem cells cross an alarmin checkpoint for post-viral lung disease
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA748046 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR15193181.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15193182.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15193183.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15193184.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15193185.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Epithelial cells are charged with protection at barrier sites, but whether this normally beneficial response might sometimes become dysfunctional still needs definition. Here we identify a pattern of imbalance marked by basal epithelial cell growth and differentiation that replaces normal airspaces in a mouse model of progressive post-viral lung disease due to Sendai virus. Single-cell and lineage-tracing technologies identify a distinct subset of basal epithelial stem cells (basal_x0002_ESCs) that extend into gas-exchange tissue to form long-term bronchiolar-alveolar remodeling regions. Moreover, this cell subset is selectively expanded by crossing a cell growth and survival checkpoint linked to the nuclear-localized alarmin IL-33 that is independent of IL-33-receptor signaling and instead connected to autocrine chromatin accessibility. This mechanism creates an activated stem-progenitor cell lineage with potential for physiological or pathological function. Thus, conditional loss of Il33 gene function in basal epithelial cells disrupts homeostasis of the epithelial barrier at skin and gut sites but also markedly attenuates post-viral disease in the lung based on down-regulation of remodeling and inflammation. We thereby identify a basal-ESC strategy to deploy innate-immune machinery that appears to overshoot the primordial goal of self_x0002_defense. The findings reveal new targets to stratify and correct chronic and often deadly post-viral disease.
2021-07-22 | GSE180392 | GEO
Project description:Epithelial cells are charged with protection at barrier sites, but whether this normally beneficial response might sometimes become dysfunctional still needs definition. Here, we recognized a pattern of imbalance marked by basal epithelial cell growth and differentiation that replaced normal airspaces in a mouse model of progressive postviral lung disease due to the Sendai virus. Single-cell and lineage-tracing technologies identified a distinct subset of basal epithelial stem cells (basal ESCs) that extended into gas-exchange tissue to form long-term bronchiolar-alveolar remodeling regions. Moreover, this cell subset was selectively expanded by crossing a cell-growth and survival checkpoint linked to the nuclear-localized alarmin IL-33 that was independent of IL-33 receptor signaling and instead connected to autocrine chromatin accessibility. This mechanism creates an activated stem-progenitor cell lineage with potential for physiological or pathological function. Thus, conditional loss of Il33 gene function in basal epithelial cells disrupted the homeostasis of the epithelial barrier at skin and gut sites but also markedly attenuated postviral disease in the lung based on the downregulation of remodeling and inflammation. Thus, we define a basal ESC strategy to deploy innate immune machinery that appears to overshoot the primordial goal of self-defense. Our findings reveal new targets to stratify and correct chronic and often deadly postviral disease.
| S-EPMC8483760 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pathogen-associated molecular patterns decisively influence antiviral immune responses, whereas the contribution of endogenous signals of tissue damage, also known as “damage-associated molecular patterns” or “alarmins”, remains ill-defined. We show that interleukin-33 (IL-33), an alarmin released from necrotic cells, is necessary for potent CD8+ T cell (CTL) responses to replicating, prototypic RNA and DNA viruses in mice. IL-33 signaled through its receptor on activated CTLs, enhanced clonal expansion in a MyD88-dependent, CTL-intrinsic fashion, determined polyfunctional effector cell differentiation and was necessary for virus control. Moreover, recombinant IL-33 augmented vaccine-induced CTL responses. Radio-resistant cells of the splenic T cell zone produced IL-33, and efficient CTL responses required IL-33 from radio-resistant cells but not from hematopoietic cells. Thus, alarmin release by radio-resistant cells orchestrates protective antiviral CTL responses. 2 groups (wt vs. ST-/- P14 cells), 3 replicates per group.
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Project description:TFIID is a cornerstone of eukaryotic gene regulation. Distinct TFIID complexes with unique subunit composition exist and several TFIID subunits are shared with other complexes, conveying intricate cellular decision making to control subunit allocation and functional assembly of this essential transcription factor. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we used quantitative proteomics to examine TFIID submodules and assembly mechanisms in human cells. Structural and mutational analysis of the cytoplasmic TAF5/TAF6/TAF9 submodule identified novel interactions crucial for TFIID integrity, and for allocating TAF9 to TFIID or the SAGA co-activator complex. We discover a key checkpoint function for the chaperonin CCT, which specifically associates with nascent TAF5 for subsequent handover to TAF6/TAF9 and ultimate holo-TFIID formation. Our findings illustrate at the molecular level how multisubunit complexes are crafted in the cell, involving checkpoint decisions facilitated by a chaperone machine.
2022-03-02 | PXD011211 | Pride
Project description:TFIID is a cornerstone of eukaryotic gene regulation. Distinct TFIID complexes with unique subunit composition exist and several TFIID subunits are shared with other complexes, conveying intricate cellular decision making to control subunit allocation and functional assembly of this essential transcription factor. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we used quantitative proteomics to examine TFIID submodules and assembly mechanisms in human cells. Structural and mutational analysis of the cytoplasmic TAF5/TAF6/TAF9 submodule identified novel interactions crucial for TFIID integrity, and for allocating TAF9 to TFIID or the SAGA co-activator complex. We discover a key checkpoint function for the chaperonin CCT, which specifically associates with nascent TAF5 for subsequent handover to TAF6/TAF9 and ultimate holo-TFIID formation. Our findings illustrate at the molecular level how multisubunit complexes are crafted in the cell, involving checkpoint decisions facilitated by a chaperone machine.
2019-01-07 | PXD011293 | Pride
Project description:Neuroimmune interactions have emerged as critical modulators of allergic inflammation, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are an important cell type for mediating these interactions. Here, we show that ILC2s expressed both the neuropeptide CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide) and its receptor. CGRP potently inhibited alarmin-driven type 2 cytokine production and proliferation by lung ILC2s both in vitro and in vivo. CGRP induced marked changes in ILC2 expression programs in vivo and in vitro, attenuating alarmin-driven proliferative and effector responses. A distinct subset of ILCs scored highly for a CGRP-specific gene signature after in vivo alarmin stimulation, suggesting CGRP regulated this response. Finally, we observed increased ILC2 proliferation and type 2 cytokine production and exaggerated responses to alarmins in mice lacking the CGRP receptor. Together, these data indicate that endogenous CGRP is a critical negative regulator of ILC2 responses in vivo.
2019-10-08 | GSE136154 | GEO
Project description:Pathogen-associated molecular patterns decisively influence antiviral immune responses, whereas the contribution of endogenous signals of tissue damage, also known as “damage-associated molecular patterns” or “alarmins”, remains ill-defined. We show that interleukin-33 (IL-33), an alarmin released from necrotic cells, is necessary for potent CD8+ T cell (CTL) responses to replicating, prototypic RNA and DNA viruses in mice. IL-33 signaled through its receptor on activated CTLs, enhanced clonal expansion in a MyD88-dependent, CTL-intrinsic fashion, determined polyfunctional effector cell differentiation and was necessary for virus control. Moreover, recombinant IL-33 augmented vaccine-induced CTL responses. Radio-resistant cells of the splenic T cell zone produced IL-33, and efficient CTL responses required IL-33 from radio-resistant cells but not from hematopoietic cells. Thus, alarmin release by radio-resistant cells orchestrates protective antiviral CTL responses.
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Project description:DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are abundant DNA lesions, which constantly challenge genome stability by interfering with DNA replication. SPARTAN (SPRTN) protease plays a central role in DPCs repair in proliferative vertebrate cells. SPRTN is a constitutive part of the DNA replication machinery and its protease activity is essential for DNA replication fork progression. How this essential protease is activated and regulated during DNA replication is not known. By using biochemical, cell biological and genetic approaches in human cell lines and Zebrafish model system, we identified that SPRTN cleaves covalently crosslinked Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) from chromatin and releases CHK1 during physiological DNA replication. Proteolysed CHK1 is activated and in turn phosphorylates SPRTN. Phosphorylated SPRTN is further recruited to chromatin to proteolyse DPCs that ensures unperturbed DNA replication. Our data suggest SPRTN-CHK1 cross-activation loop is essential for genome stability.
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Project description:We identified the alarmin S100A9 as a novel intracellular antiretroviral factor expressed in human monocyte-derived and skin-derived Langerhans cells (LC). The expression of S100A9 is significantly upregulated by the transforming growth factor beta in human monocyte-derived cells. We showed that S100A9 intracellular expression is decreased upon maturation and inversely correlated with an enhanced inversely correlates with the maturation level of LC and susceptibilityility to HIV-1 infection of LC. Furthermore, silencing of S100A9 in primary human LC relieves HIV-1 restriction while ectopic expression of S100A9 in various cell lines established an intrinsic resistance to both HIV-1 and MMLV infection by acting on reverse transcription. Mechanistically, the intracellular expression of S100A9 alters viral capsid uncoating and reverse transcription in a distal manner. Also, S100A9 demonstrates potent inhibitory effect against HIV-1 and MMLV reverse transcriptase (RTase) activity in-vitro in a divalent cation-dependent context. Our findings uncover an unexpected intracellular antiretroviral function of the human alarmin S100A9 and highlight a novel crosstalk betweenregulating antiretroviral immunity in Langerhans cells
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