Project description:Therapy resistance represents a major clinical challenge in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here we define a “MitoScore” signature that identifies high mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPHOS) in vivo and in AML patients. Primary AML cells with cytarabine (AraC) resistance and high MitoScore relied on mitochondrial Bcl2 and were highly sensitive to venetoclax (VEN) plus AraC (but not to VEN plus azacytidine, AZA). Single-cell transcriptomics of VEN+AraC-residual cell populations revealed adaptive resistance associated with changes in OxPHOS, electron transport chain complex (ETC) and the TP53 pathway.
Project description:The goal of this study is to compare single cell transcriptome of in vivo AML cells profiling before treatment and after venetoclax and cytarabine in single agent or after the duplet. This study uncovered transcriptionally different cell subpopulations that specifically emerge in VEN+AraC residual disease.
Project description:The goal of this study is to compare single cell transcriptome of in vivo AML cells profiling before treatment and after venetoclax and cytarabine in single agent or after the duplet. This study uncovered transcriptionally different cell subpopulations that specifically emerge in VEN+AraC residual disease.
Project description:We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of a lymphoma (OCI-Ly18) subcutaneous tumor harvested from NSG mice two weeks after infusion with CART19 plus DMSO or CART19 plus Venetoclax (Suppl. Fig. 3A). Lymphoma cells with shared gene expression profiles were clustered using uniform manifold and approximation (UMAP) analysis. We identified six clusters characterized by different cell-cycle phases (Suppl. Fig. 3B), including one G1-dominant cluster, two S clusters, one G1/G2 cluster, one G2/M cluster, and an M cluster with high Ki67 expression. First, we observed a substantially lower proportion of cells assigned to G1-dom in the CART19/venetoclax-treated condition (8.4%) than in the CART19-treated condition (24%). These indicated a prevalent depletion of the G1-dom cluster by the addition of venetoclax (Suppl. Fig. 4C). In accordance with recent reports that venetoclax can induce cell cycle arrest and death in tumor cells in G1 39, these results suggest that venetoclax treatment also enhances CART’s anti-tumor efficacy by hindering the progression of cell cycle. Interestingly, the “G1-dominant (G1-dom)” and the additional “MKI67hi” cluster (high proliferative cells) showed significant enrichment of genes corresponding to interferon-gamma responsiveness, suggesting that the cells of these two clusters might have been interacting with CART cells (Suppl. Fig. 4D). Of note, by performing GO enrichment analysis with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CART19 and CART19/venetoclax combination in the MKI67hi cluster that represent a rapidly proliferating tumor subpopulation, we identified several pathways, including enrichment of the negative regulation of the G2/M phase transition in the CART19/venetoclax-treatment condition in the MKI67hi cluster (Suppl. Fig. 4E and 4F). Taken together, these data implicate that venetoclax treatment enhances CART-mediated tumor killing by promoting tumor apoptosis and inhibiting the cell cycle in cancer cells while also enhancing the interferon responses in neoplastic B-cells when engaging CART cells.
Project description:30 million OCI-AML2 cells were infected with CRISPR/Cas9 library, selected for puromycin resistance for integration events and exposed DMSO, venetoclax (0.5 uM) or venetoclax (0.1 uM) plus ruxolitinib (1 uM). Cells were collected at day 14 and 21 , DNA was extracted and sgRNA barcodes were amplified. PCR library was deep sequenced using Novaseq 6000 high throughput Illumina platform.
Project description:To understand relapse mechanisms related to AML patients treated with venetoclax plus azacitidine therapy, we performed CITE-seq on paired diagnosis and relapse specimens from an AML patient treated with the therapy.
Project description:Ibrutinib plus venetoclax is a highly effective combination in mantle cell lymphoma. However, strategies to enable the evaluation of therapeutic response are required. Our prospective analyses of patients within the AIM study revealed genomic profiles that clearly dichotomized responders and non-responders. Mutations in ATM were present in most patients who achieved a complete response, while chromosome 9p21.1-p24.3 loss and/or mutations in components of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex were present in all patients with primary resistance and 2/3 patients with relapsed disease. Circulating tumor DNA analysis revealed that these alterations could be dynamically monitored providing concurrent information on treatment response and tumour evolution. Functional modeling demonstrated that compromise of the SWI/SNF complex facilitated transcriptional upregulation of BCL2L1 (Bcl-xL) providing a selective advantage against ibrutinib plus venetoclax. Together these data highlight important insights into the molecular basis of therapeutic response and provide a paradigm for real-time assessment of innovative targeted therapies.