Project description:Purpose: Primary retroperitoneal liposarcomas (RLPSs) are rare heterogeneous tumors for which there are few effective therapies. Certain anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy against various solid tumors. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of Apatinib against retroperitoneal liposarcoma cells and its underlying mechanism and to explore the anti-tumor efficacy of a combination of Apatinib and Epirubicin. Methods: SW872 cells were treated with Apatinib(18μM) for 24 h. The RNAs of the control group and experimental group were stored in TRIzol reagent at -80 ℃. Then mRNA extraction and RNA sequencing were performed by Beijing Mygenostics Co. Ltd., Beijing, China. A Bioanalyzer 2100 System (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to assay RNA integrity. An AMPureXP system (BeckmanCoulter, Brea, CA, USA) was used to perform PCR on the products. Quality-tested library preparations were sequenced on the Illumina Novaseq platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). There were three biological replicates per condition. Differential expression analysis of both groups was performed using DESeq2R v. 1.20.0. The Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis test correction was performed to obtain the false discovery rate (FDR). The criteria used to select the DEGs were |log2(FoldChange)| > 0.5 and FDR < 0.05. When log2(FoldChange) > 0, the gene was considered upregulated. When log2(FoldChange) < 0, the gene was considered downregulated. profiler package in R (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria) was used for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs. Histograms and bubble graphs were plotted with the ggplot2 package in R v. 3.4.3. Results:To elucidate the mechanisms by which Apatinib inhibited liposarcoma cells, we used RNA-seq to evaluate relative genetic changes in the SW872 cells after being treated with Apatinib for 24 hs, and found 2,038 DEGs, including 1,059 significantly downregulated genes and 979 significantly upregulated genes. The output of the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggests that Apatinib might inhibit SW872 cell proliferation through p53, DNA replication, and other important signaling pathways. GO enrichment analysis was performed on the genes that were significantly altered after Apatinib application.High-throughput RNA sequencing showed that Apatinib downregulated the expression of TYMS and RRM2. Conclusions: Apatinib showed strong efficacy against liposarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. Apatinib might inhibit liposarcoma cell proliferation through the RRM2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and downregulate PD-L1 via the TYMS/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Project description:BackgroundPrimary retroperitoneal liposarcomas (RLPSs) are rare heterogeneous tumors for which there are few effective therapies. Certain anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy against various solid tumors. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of Apatinib against retroperitoneal liposarcoma cells and its underlying mechanism and to explore the anti-tumor efficacy of a combination of Apatinib and Epirubicin.MethodsCD34 immunohistochemical staining was used to measure microvessel density (MVD) in 89 retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues. We used CCK-8 cell proliferation, clone formation, Transwell migration, invasion assays and flow cytometry to evaluate the effects of Apatinib alone and the combination of Apatinib and Epirubicin on liposarcoma cells. High-throughput RNA sequencing and western-blotting was used to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SW872 cell line after application of Apatinib. Murine patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) was established to assess the efficacy and safety of Apatinib monotherapy and the combination of Apatinib and Epirubicin in RLPS.ResultsThe microvessel density (MVD) varied widely among retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues. Compared with the low-MVD group, the high-MVD group had poorer overall survival. Apatinib inhibited the liposarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration, increased the proportion of apoptosis, and induced G1 phase arrest. In addition, the combination of Apatinib and Epirubicin enhanced the foregoing inhibitory effects. High-throughput RNA sequencing showed that Apatinib downregulated the expression of TYMS and RRM2. Western blotting verified that Apatinib downregulated the TYMS/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway and inhibited liposarcoma proliferation by suppressing the RRM2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In the murine PDX model of retroperitoneal liposarcoma, Apatinib and its combination with Epirubicin significantly inhibited microvessel formation and repressed tumor growth safely and effectively.ConclusionsApatinib and its combination with Epirubicin showed strong efficacy against liposarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. Apatinib might inhibit liposarcoma cell proliferation through the RRM2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and downregulate PD-L1 via the TYMS/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Project description:miR-135b expression is higher in myxoid liposarcoma cell lines than in adipose-derived mesenchymal cell line, as well as in myxoid liposarcoma tumors than in adjacent normal prostate tissues.To further investigate the molecular mechanisms regulated by miR-135b, we performed mRNA microarray analysis of cell cultures from myxoid liposarcoma cell line after transfections with miR-135b mimic or negative control.
Project description:Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is the second most common type of liposarcoma and is characterized by the fusion oncogene FUS‐DDIT3 or the less common EWSR1‐DDIT3. While the presence of FUS-DDIT3 as a driver oncoprotein in most MLS cases has been confirmed, the exact molecular action behind the capacity of FUS-DDIT3 for transformation is still unclear and therefore creates a challenge in finding new treatments against this type of cancer. The importance of the microenvironment for tumor progression have long been accepted and might also influence the effect of the fusion oncoprotein. However, due to a lack of relevant experimental model systems, it has been challenging to examine the microenvironmental impact in myxoid liposarcoma development. Therefore, we have developed a new model system utilizing scaffolds derived from myxoid liposarcoma patient-derived xenograft tumors that are decellularized and then repopulated with sarcoma cell lines. This cell culture system mimics in vivo-like tumor cell growth conditions and induce transcriptional changes within the cells. In order to investigate the effect of the microenvironment as well as the fusion oncogene, we analyzed myxoid liposarcoma cell lines as well as fibrosarcoma cells with and without ectopic FUS-DDIT3 expression cultured in scaffolds and adherent two-dimensional growth conditions. We identified several gene networks and processes that are uniquely associated with FUS-DDIT3 expression and with the microenvironment, respectively. The development of patient-derived scaffolds opens up new possibilities to understand tumor development.
Project description:Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is the second most common type of liposarcoma and is characterized by the fusion oncogene FUS‐DDIT3 or the less common EWSR1‐DDIT3. FUS-DDIT3 is causative in tumor development, but the molecular function of FUS-DDIT3 remains largely unknown. In addition, the tumor microenvironment is important in MLS development. However, due to a lack of relevant experimental model systems, it has been challenging to examine the microenvironmental impact in MLS development. Therefore, we have developed an in vivo-like experimental model system utilizing cell-free scaffolds derived from myxoid liposarcoma patient-derived xenograft tumors that can be repopulated with tumor cells. To study the effect of FUS-DDIT3 expression in combination with the MLS microenvironment, we analyzed MLS cell lines as well as fibrosarcoma cells with and without ectopic FUS-DDIT3 expression cultured in scaffolds using cells cultured in monolayers as reference. We identified several gene networks and processes that are uniquely associated with FUS-DDIT3 expression as well as microenvironment. The use of in vivo-like experimental systems opens new possibilities to understand tumor development and develop treatments.
Project description:In order to identify new key molecules in the pathogenesis of myxoid liposarcoma, we performed comparative gene expression profiling in myxoid liposarcoma and fat tissue samples.
Project description:Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma, accounting for about 20% of cases. Liposarcoma is classified into 5 histologic subtypes that fall into 3 biological groups characterized by specific genetic alterations. To identify genes that contribute to liposarcomagenesis and to better predict outcome for patients with the disease, we undertook expression profiling of liposarcoma. U133A expression profiling was performed on 140 primary liposarcoma samples, which were randomly split into training set (n=95) and test set (n=45). A multi-gene predictor for distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) was developed using the supervised principal component method. Expression levels of the 588 genes in the predictor were used to calculate a risk score for each patient. In validation of the predictor in the test set, patients with low risk score had a 3-year DRFS of 83% vs. 45% for high risk score patients (P=0.001). The hazard ratio for high vs. low score, adjusted for histologic subtype, was 4.42 (95% confidence interval 1.26-15.55; P=0.021). The concordance probability for risk score was 0.732. Genes related to adipogenesis, DNA replication, mitosis, and spindle assembly checkpoint control were all highly represented in the multi-gene predictor. Three genes from the predictor, TOP2A, PTK7, and CHEK1, were found to be overexpressed in liposarcoma samples of all five subtypes and in liposarcoma cell lines. Knockdown of these genes in liposarcoma cell lines reduced proliferation and invasiveness and increased apoptosis. Thus, genes identified from this predictor appear to have roles in liposarcomagenesis and have promise as therapeutic targets. In addition, the multi-gene predictor will improve risk stratification for individual patients with liposarcoma.
Project description:Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma, accounting for about 20% of cases. Liposarcoma is classified into 5 histologic subtypes that fall into 3 biological groups characterized by specific genetic alterations. To identify genes that contribute to liposarcomagenesis and to better predict outcome for patients with the disease, we undertook expression profiling of liposarcoma. U133A expression profiling was performed on 140 primary liposarcoma samples, which were randomly split into training set (n=95) and test set (n=45). A multi-gene predictor for distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) was developed using the supervised principal component method. Expression levels of the 588 genes in the predictor were used to calculate a risk score for each patient. In validation of the predictor in the test set, patients with low risk score had a 3-year DRFS of 83% vs. 45% for high risk score patients (P=0.001). The hazard ratio for high vs. low score, adjusted for histologic subtype, was 4.42 (95% confidence interval 1.26-15.55; P=0.021). The concordance probability for risk score was 0.732. Genes related to adipogenesis, DNA replication, mitosis, and spindle assembly checkpoint control were all highly represented in the multi-gene predictor. Three genes from the predictor, TOP2A, PTK7, and CHEK1, were found to be overexpressed in liposarcoma samples of all five subtypes and in liposarcoma cell lines. Knockdown of these genes in liposarcoma cell lines reduced proliferation and invasiveness and increased apoptosis. Thus, genes identified from this predictor appear to have roles in liposarcomagenesis and have promise as therapeutic targets. In addition, the multi-gene predictor will improve risk stratification for individual patients with liposarcoma. 140 human liposarcoma specimens were profiled on Affymetrix U133A arrays per manufacturer's instructions.
Project description:In order to identify new key molecules in the pathogenesis of myxoid liposarcoma, we performed comparative gene expression profiling in myxoid liposarcoma and fat tissue samples. Whole genome microarray analysis was performed on eight primary myxoid liposarcoma samples and an RNA pool of eight healthy fat tissue samples.