Enhanced cortical neural stem cell identity through short SMAD/WNT inhibition in human cerebral organoids facilitates emergence of outer radial glial cells.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA785455 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR17091027_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17091027_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17091028_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17091028_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17091029_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Cerebral organoids exhibit broad regional heterogeneity accompanied by limited cortical cellular diversity under a variety of derivation methods, suggesting inadequate patterning of early neural stem cell (NSC) starting populations. Here we show that a short combined Dual SMAD/WNT inhibition course during early organoid establishment is sufficient for yielding robust and lasting cortical identity with efficient suppression of non-cortical fates in organoid NSCs. In contrast, other widely used methods are inconsistent in their cortical specification capacity. Furthermore, combined inhibition selectively enriches for outer radial glia (oRG) cells in organoids that demarcate well-defined outer sub-ventricular (oSVZ)-like regions. Finally, combined inhibition enables superior NSC radial organization, further facilitates the generation of molecularly distinct deep and upper cortical layer neurons, and uncovers cortex-specific microcephaly defects. Thus, combined inhibition is critical for establishing a rich cortical cell repertoire, for enabling fundamental cytoarchitectural features of cortical development, and for meaningful disease modeling.
2022-03-16 | GSE189981 | GEO
Project description:Cerebral organoids exhibit broad regional heterogeneity accompanied by limited cortical cellular diversity despite the tremendous upsurge in derivation methods, suggesting inadequate patterning of early neural stem cells (NSCs). Here we show that a short and early dual-SMAD/WNT inhibition course is necessary and sufficient for establishing robust and lasting cortical organoid NSC identity, efficiently suppressing of non-cortical NSC fates, while other widely used methods are inconsistent in their cortical NSC specification capacity. Accordingly, this method selectively enriches for outer radial glia (oRG) NSCs, which cytoarchitecturally demarcate well-defined outer sub-ventricular (oSVZ)-like regions propagating from superiorly radially organized, apical cortical rosette NSCs. Finally, this method culminates in the emergence of molecularly distinct deep and upper cortical layer neurons, and reliably uncovers cortex-specific microcephaly defects. Thus, a short SMAD/WNT inhibition is critical for establishing a rich cortical cell repertoire that enables mirroring fundamental molecular and cytoarchitectural features of cortical development and meaningful disease modeling.
| EGAS00001006063 | EGA
Project description:Evolution of the mammalian brain encompassed a remarkable increase in size of cerebral cortex, including tangential and radial expansion, but the mechanisms underlying these key parameters are still largely unknown. Here, we identified the novel DNA associated protein TRNP1 as a regulator of cerebral cortical expansion in both these dimensions. Gain and loss of function experiments in the mouse cerebral cortex in vivo demonstrate that high Trnp1 levels promote neural stem cell self-renewal and tangential expansion, while lower levels promote radial expansion resulting in a potent increase in the generation of intermediate progenitors and outer radial glial cells resulting in folding of the otherwise smooth murine cerebral cortex. Remarkably, TRNP1 expression levels exhibit regional differences also in the cerebral cortex of human fetuses anticipating radial or tangential expansion respectively. Thus, the dynamic regulation of TRNP1 is critical to regulate tangential and radial expansion of the cerebral cortex in mammals. We performed gene expression microarray analysis on embryonic mouse cerebral cortex derived from Trnp1 knockdown and control animals.
2013-04-26 | E-GEOD-40582 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Evolution of the mammalian brain encompassed a remarkable increase in size of cerebral cortex, including tangential and radial expansion, but the mechanisms underlying these key parameters are still largely unknown. Here, we identified the novel DNA associated protein TRNP1 as a regulator of cerebral cortical expansion in both these dimensions. Gain and loss of function experiments in the mouse cerebral cortex in vivo demonstrate that high Trnp1 levels promote neural stem cell self-renewal and tangential expansion, while lower levels promote radial expansion resulting in a potent increase in the generation of intermediate progenitors and outer radial glial cells resulting in folding of the otherwise smooth murine cerebral cortex. Remarkably, TRNP1 expression levels exhibit regional differences also in the cerebral cortex of human fetuses anticipating radial or tangential expansion respectively. Thus, the dynamic regulation of TRNP1 is critical to regulate tangential and radial expansion of the cerebral cortex in mammals.
2013-04-26 | GSE40582 | GEO
Project description:Since the discovery of radial glia as the source of neurons, their heterogeneity in regard to neurogenesis has been described by clonal and time-lapse analysis in vitro. However, the molecular determinants specifying neurogenic radial glia differently from radial glia that mostly self-renew remain ill-defined. Here, we isolated two radial glial subsets that co-exist at mid-neurogenesis in the developing cerebral cortex and their immediate progeny. While one subset generates neurons directly, the other is largely non-neurogenic but also gives rise to Tbr2-positive basal precursors, thereby contributing indirectly to neurogenesis. Isolation of ; these distinct radial glia subtypes allowed determining interesting differences in their transcriptome. These transcriptomes were also strikingly different from the transcriptome of radial glia isolated at the end of neurogenesis. This analysis therefore identifies, for the first time, the lineage origin of basal progenitors and the molecular differences of this lineage in comparison to directly neurogenic and gliogenic radial glia. Experiment Overall Design: Comparison of radial glial subtypes
2008-06-18 | E-GEOD-8034 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Since the discovery of radial glia as the source of neurons, their heterogeneity in regard to neurogenesis has been described by clonal and time-lapse analysis in vitro. However, the molecular determinants specifying neurogenic radial glia differently from radial glia that mostly self-renew remain ill-defined. Here, we isolated two radial glial subsets that co-exist at mid-neurogenesis in the developing cerebral cortex and their immediate progeny. While one subset generates neurons directly, the other is largely non-neurogenic but also gives rise to Tbr2-positive basal precursors, thereby contributing indirectly to neurogenesis. Isolation of these distinct radial glia subtypes allowed determining interesting differences in their transcriptome. These transcriptomes were also strikingly different from the transcriptome of radial glia isolated at the end of neurogenesis. This analysis therefore identifies, for the first time, the lineage origin of basal progenitors and the molecular differences of this lineage in comparison to directly neurogenic and gliogenic radial glia.
2008-05-29 | GSE8034 | GEO
Project description:Fixed single-cell transcriptomic characterization of human radial glial diversity
| PRJNA300464 | ENA
Project description:A specific subpopulation of neural progenitor cells, the basal radial glial cells (bRGCs) of the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), are thought to have a key role in the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian neocortex. In the developing lissencephalic mouse neocortex, bRGCs exist at low abundance and show significant molecular differences from bRGCs in developing gyrencephalic species. Here, we demonstrate that the developing mouse medial neocortex (medNcx), in contrast to the canonically studied lateral neocortex (latNcx), exhibits an OSVZ and an abundance of bRGCs similar to that in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Unlike bRGCs in developing mouse latNcx, the bRGCs in medNcx exhibit human bRGC-like gene expression, including expression of Hopx, a human bRGC marker. Disruption of Hopx expression in mouse embryonic medNcx and forced Hopx expression in mouse embryonic latNcx demonstrate that Hopx is required and sufficient, respectively, for a bRGC abundance as found in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Taken together, our data identify a novel bRGC subpopulation in developing mouse medNcx that is highly related to bRGCs of developing gyrencephalic neocortex.
2018-10-10 | GSE121008 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study is to evaluate transcriptome profiles that accompany mouse radial glial cells and astrocytes isolated from the developing central nervous system. GLAST-positivity, a marker of radial glia and astrocyte lineage, was exploited to isolate cells from postnatal day 0 (P0) and P8 mouse brains using GLAST-specific antibodies conjugated to magnetic beads. mRNA from four separate biological replicates of GLAST-positive cells for each postnatal stage were used to construct cDNA libraries following TruSeq RNA sample preparation. Sequencing of libraries was conducted on Illumina HiSeq2000 using 100bp paired-end reads with 25 million reads per sample. Sequenced reads were aligned to the mouse genome (mm9) with the TopHat workflow and fragments per kilobase of transcript per million (FPKM) was calculated. Differential expression was determined using EdgeR with continuous dispersion and false discovery rate was calculated. RNA-seq data confirmed appropriate expression of 45 known housekeeping genes from different cell types in both P0 and P8 post-natal mouse brain. Differential expression of 1438 genes at P0 and 1100 at P8 GLAST-positive cells were found to have a fold change ≥2 and FDR <0.05. 18 genes were confirmed with qRT-PCR, demonstrating the validity of the RNA-seq method.
2019-06-17 | GSE83498 | GEO
Project description:In the developing central nervous system, cell departure from the apical surface is the initial and fundamental step to form the 3D, organized architecture. Both delamination of differentiating cells and repositioning of progenitors to generate outer radial glial cells (oRGs) contribute to mammalian neocortical expansion; however, a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms is lacking. Here, we demonstrate that Lzts1, a molecule associated with microtubule components, promotes both cell departure events. In neuronally committed cells, Lzts1 functions in apical delamination by altering apical junctional organization. In apical RGs (aRGs), Lzts1 expression is variable, depending on Hes1 expression levels. According to its differential levels, Lzts1 induces diverse RG behaviors: planar division, oblique divisions of aRGs that generate oRGs, and their mitotic somal translocation. Loss-of-function of lzts1 impairs all these cell departure processes. Thus, Lzts1 functions as a master modulator of cellular dynamics, contributing to increasing complexity of the cerebral architecture during evolution.
| S-EPMC6592889 | biostudies-literature