Coupled mechanism of enhanced and inhibitory effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron on methane production and antibiotic resistance genes in anaerobic digestion of swine manure
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PROVIDER: PRJNA843511 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:During anaerobic digestion (AD) process, process parameters e.g., VFA, pH, COD removal … and kinetic parameters e.g., hydrolysis rate, lag phase and methane production potential… are the important indicator for illustrating AD process performance, however, the AD process performance based on these parameters remains poorly understood. To estimate process performance focusing on initial pH and substrate composition, the effects of initial pH and swine manure to corn straw ratio on biogas production and these parameters and linkages of these parameters were analyzed. Also, the methane production was optimized. The results revealed that the maximum methane yield and methane production rate were obtained with initial pH 7.5 and SM/CS ratio of 70:30. Kinetic parameters are coupled with process parameters, especially for COD removal rate, VS degradation rate, VFA and pH. Hydrolysis constant positively correlated with pH, COD removal rate and VS degradation rate, then impacted methane production and lag phase. Meanwhile, lag phase and the maximum methane production rate were directly determined by VFA and COD removal rate. The optimum initial pH and SM/CS ratio were 7.15 and 0.62, respectively, with a predicted maximum methane content of 55.12%. Thinking these findings together, they provide a scientific theory for estimating AD performance.
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Project description:Livestock manures are broadly used in agriculture to improve soil quality. However, manure application can increase the availability of organic carbon, thereby facilitating methane (CH4) production. Cattle and swine manures are expected to have different CH4 emission characteristics in rice paddy soil due to the inherent differences in composition as a result of contrasting diets and digestive physiology between the two livestock types. To compare the effect of ruminant and non-ruminant animal manure applications on CH4 emissions and methanogenic archaeal diversity during rice cultivation (June to September, 2009), fresh cattle and swine manures were applied into experimental pots at 0, 20 and 40 Mg fresh weight (FW) ha-1 in a greenhouse. Applications of manures significantly enhanced total CH4 emissions as compared to chemical fertilization, with cattle manure leading to higher emissions than swine manure. Total organic C contents in cattle (466 g kg-1) and swine (460 g kg-1) manures were of comparable results. Soil organic C (SOC) contents were also similar between the two manure treatments, but dissolved organic C (DOC) was significantly higher in cattle than swine manure. The mcrA gene copy numbers were significantly higher in cattle than swine manure. Diverse groups of methanogens which belong to Methanomicrobiaceae were detected only in cattle-manured but not in swine-manured soil. Methanogens were transferred from cattle manure to rice paddy soils through fresh excrement. In conclusion, cattle manure application can significantly increase CH4 emissions in rice paddy soil during cultivation, and its pretreatment to suppress methanogenic activity without decreasing rice productivity should be considered.
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Project description:In this study, productivity and physicochemical and microbiological (454 sequencing) parameters, as well as environmental criteria, were investigated in anaerobic reactors to contribute to the ongoing debate about the optimal temperature range for treating animal manure, and expand the general knowledge on the relation between microbiological and physicochemical process indicators. For this purpose, two reactor sizes were used (10?m(3) and 16?l), in which two temperature conditions (35°C and 50°C) were tested. In addition, the effect of the hydraulic retention time was evaluated (16 versus 20 days). Thermophilic anaerobic digestion showed higher organic matter degradation (especially fiber), higher pH and higher methane (CH?) yield, as well as better percentage of ultimate CH? yield retrieved and lower residual CH? emission, when compared with mesophilic conditions. In addition, lower microbial diversity was found in the thermophilic reactors, especially for Bacteria, where a clear intensification towards Clostridia class members was evident. Independent of temperature, some similarities were found in digestates when comparing with animal manure, including low volatile fatty acids concentrations and a high fraction of Euryarchaeota in the total microbial community, in which members of Methanosarcinales dominated for both temperature conditions; these indicators could be considered a sign of process stability.
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Project description:Microwave assisted with alkaline (MW-A) condition was applied in the pretreatment of swine manure, and the effect of the pretreatment on anaerobic treatment and biogas production was evaluated in this study. The two main microwaving (MW) parameters, microwaving power and reaction time, were optimized for the pretreatment. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of alkaline microwaving process for manure pretreatment at various values of pH and energy input. Results showed that the manure disintegration degree was maximized of 63.91% at energy input of 54 J/g and pH of 12.0, and variance analysis indicated that pH value played a more important role in the pretreatment than in energy input. Anaerobic digestion results demonstrated that MW-A pretreatment not only significantly increased cumulative biogas production, but also shortened the duration for a stable biogas production rate. Therefore, the alkaline microwaving pretreatment could become an alternative process for effective treatment of swine manure.
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Project description:Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is used to remediate aquifers polluted by organochlorines or heavy metals has been also considered for elimination of harmful algal blooms. Highly reactive nZVI then affects microorganisms in the application area. To date, various nZVI toxicity endpoints have been studied on different organisms. However, the underlying mechanistic related to iron defense pathways have not been explained sufficiently. Here we aim to describe the physiological and transcriptomic response of the microalga, Raphidocelis subcapitata ATCC 22662, to 100 mg/L of non-reactive nFe3O4, and reactive nZVI. The combined effect of shading by nanoparticles and release of Fe2+ from nZVI posed a stronger inhibition leading to deformed cells and cytosol leakage in 15% of cells. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed the stronger physiological effect of nZVI (7,380 differentially expressed genes [DEGs]) than nFe3O4 (4,601 DEGs) after 1 h. nZVI (but not nFe3O4) caused increased DNA repair and replication, while deactivated carbohydrate-energy metabolisms, mitochondria signaling, and transmembrane ion transport. The defense response of algal cells was immediate to successfully face oxidative stress.
2023-06-06 | GSE234088 | GEO
Project description:We report a new DSR pathway that directly generates zero-valent sulfur (ZVS) in phylogenetically diverse SRB.
2023-04-27 | E-MTAB-12239 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This study employed high-throughput quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effect of temperature and residual antibiotics on the dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial communities during anaerobic digestion of swine manure. The abundances of total ARGs and 16S rRNA genes significantly decreased in all of four treatments (25°C, 37°C, and 37°C with 50 mg of wet weight antibiotics of body weight, and 55°C). The abundances of most ARG types were significantly correlated with those of the 16S rRNA gene and transposase gene (P < 0.01). However, the abundances of total ARGs at 55°C were much higher than those of other treatments. Meanwhile, the microbial communities at 55°C, where the Streptococcus pathogen remained at a relatively high abundance and cellulose degraders and hydrogen producers, such as Ethanoligenens and Coprococcus bacteria, increased, were markedly different from those of other treatments. Redundancy analysis indicates that temperature, pH, and the genus Streptococcus had the highest explanation for ARG variation among experimental factors, chemical properties, and representative genera, respectively. Network analysis further showed that the genus Streptococcus contributed greatly to the higher ARG abundance at 55°C. The moderate antibiotic residue only caused a slight and transitory inhibition for microbially diverse populations and promotion for ARG abundance, probably due to the degradation of antibiotics and microbial adaptability. Our results clarify the cooperativity of gene transfer-related items on ARG variation and intensively prove that higher temperature cannot always achieve better ARG removal in anaerobic digestion unless pathogens and gene transfer elements are more efficiently inhibited.IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are frequently detected with high abundance in manure-applied soils. Anaerobic digestion is one of widely used processes for animal waste treatment. Thus, it is critical to understand the potential of anaerobic digestion to attenuate ARGs. Although some previous studies recommended thermophilic digestion for ARG removal, they did not get sufficient evidence to support this view. The antibiotics applied to animals are mostly excreted through feces and urine because of incomplete metabolism. It is indispensable to know whether residual antibiotics in manure will hinder ARG attenuation in anaerobic digesters. The significance of our research is in comprehensively understanding the evolution and mechanism of ARGs in anaerobic digestion of swine manure affected by temperature and residual antibiotics, which will allow the development of an ARG elimination strategy before their release into the environment.
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Project description:swine manure composting Raw sequence reads
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Project description:Organic crusts on liquid manure storage tanks harbor ammonia- and nitrite-resistant methane oxidizers and may significantly reduce methane emissions. Methane oxidation potential (0.6 mol CH(4) m(-2) day(-1)) peaked during fall and winter, after 4 months of crust development. Consequences for methane mitigation potential of crusts are discussed.
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