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CpFHy - An FMN hydrolase of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily is active in plant chloroplasts

ABSTRACT: RL2

INSTRUMENT(S): instrument model, Agilent instrument model

ORGANISM(S): Pisum Sativum (garden Pea)

SUBMITTER: Robert Winkler

PROVIDER: PRD000237 | Pride | 2011-11-07

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	PRIDE_Exp_Complete_Ac_12272.pride.mgf.gz	Mgf
	PRIDE_Exp_Complete_Ac_12272.pride.mztab.gz	Mztab
	PRIDE_Exp_Complete_Ac_12272.xml.gz	Xml

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Publications

An FMN hydrolase of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily is active in plant chloroplasts.

Rawat Renu R Sandoval Francisco J FJ Wei Zhaoyang Z Winkler Robert R Roje Sanja S

The Journal of biological chemistry 20111014 49

FMN hydrolases catalyze dephosphorylation of FMN to riboflavin. Although these enzymes have been described in many organisms, few had their corresponding genes cloned and their recombinant proteins biochemically characterized, and none had their physiological roles determined. We found previously that FMN hydrolase activity in pea chloroplasts is Mg(2+)-dependent, suggesting an enzyme of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily. In this study, a new FMN hydrolase was purified by multistep chr ...[more]

PMID: 22002057

Similar Datasets

An FMN hydrolase of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily is active in plant chloroplasts.

Project description:FMN hydrolases catalyze dephosphorylation of FMN to riboflavin. Although these enzymes have been described in many organisms, few had their corresponding genes cloned and their recombinant proteins biochemically characterized, and none had their physiological roles determined. We found previously that FMN hydrolase activity in pea chloroplasts is Mg(2+)-dependent, suggesting an enzyme of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily. In this study, a new FMN hydrolase was purified by multistep chromatography after ammonium sulfate precipitation. The molecular weight of the native protein was estimated at ?59,400, a dimer of about twice the predicted molecular weight of most HAD superfamily phosphatases. After SDS-PAGE of the partially purified material, two separate protein bands within 25-30 kDa were extracted from the gel and analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS. Peptide sequence matching to the protein samples suggested the presence of three HAD-like hydrolases. cDNAs for sequence homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana of these proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Activity screening of the encoded proteins showed that the At1g79790 gene encodes an FMN hydrolase (AtcpFHy1). Plastid localization of AtcpFHy1 was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy of A. thaliana protoplasts transiently expressing the N-terminal fusion of AtcpFHy1 to enhanced green fluorescent protein. Phosphatase activity of AtcpFHy1 is FMN-specific, as assayed with 19 potential substrates. Kinetic parameters and pH and temperature optima for AtcpFHy1 were determined. A phylogenetic analysis of putative phosphatases of the HAD superfamily suggested distinct evolutionary origins for the plastid AtcpFHy1 and the cytosolic FMN hydrolase characterized previously.

| S-EPMC3234908 | biostudies-other

Chloroplasts in plant cells show active glassy behavior under low-light conditions.

Project description:Plants have developed intricate mechanisms to adapt to changing light conditions. Besides phototropism and heliotropism (differential growth toward light and diurnal motion with respect to sunlight, respectively), chloroplast motion acts as a fast mechanism to change the intracellular structure of leaf cells. While chloroplasts move toward the sides of the plant cell to avoid strong light, they accumulate and spread out into a layer on the bottom of the cell at low light to increase the light absorption efficiency. Although the motion of chloroplasts has been studied for over a century, the collective organelle motion leading to light-adapting self-organized structures remains elusive. Here, we study the active motion of chloroplasts under dim-light conditions, leading to an accumulation in a densely packed quasi-2D layer. We observe burst-like rearrangements and show that these dynamics resemble systems close to the glass transition by tracking individual chloroplasts. Furthermore, we provide a minimal mathematical model to uncover relevant system parameters controlling the stability of the dense configuration of chloroplasts. Our study suggests that the meta-stable caging close to the glass transition in the chloroplast monolayer serves a physiological relevance: Chloroplasts remain in a spread-out configuration to increase the light uptake but can easily fluidize when the activity is increased to efficiently rearrange the structure toward an avoidance state. Our research opens questions about the role that dynamical phase transitions could play in self-organized intracellular responses of plant cells toward environmental cues.

| S-EPMC9934296 | biostudies-literature

Loss of matK RNA editing in seed plant chloroplasts.

Project description:BackgroundRNA editing in chloroplasts of angiosperms proceeds by C-to-U conversions at specific sites. Nuclear-encoded factors are required for the recognition of cis-elements located immediately upstream of editing sites. The ensemble of editing sites in a chloroplast genome differs widely between species, and editing sites are thought to evolve rapidly. However, large-scale analyses of the evolution of individual editing sites have not yet been undertaken.ResultsHere, we analyzed the evolution of two chloroplast editing sites, matK-2 and matK-3, for which DNA sequences from thousands of angiosperm species are available. Both sites are found in most major taxa, including deep-branching families such as the nymphaeaceae. However, 36 isolated taxa scattered across the entire tree lack a C at one of the two matK editing sites. Tests of several exemplary species from this in silico analysis of matK processing unexpectedly revealed that one of the two sites remain unedited in almost half of all species examined. A comparison of sequences between editors and non-editors showed that specific nucleotides co-evolve with the C at the matK editing sites, suggesting that these nucleotides are critical for editing-site recognition.Conclusion(i) Both matK editing sites were present in the common ancestor of all angiosperms and have been independently lost multiple times during angiosperm evolution.(ii) The editing activities corresponding to matK-2 and matK-3 are unstable.(iii) A small number of third-codon positions in the vicinity of editing sites are selectively constrained independent of the presence of the editing site, most likely because of interacting RNA-binding proteins.

| S-EPMC2744683 | biostudies-literature

Large-scale phosphoproteome profiling reveals kinase substrates and phosphorylation motif use in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts

Project description:Not available

2009-07-28 | PRD000096 | Pride

Terminal alkynes react with active-site cysteine nucleophiles

Project description:Propargyl labeled ubiquitin was immobilized on beads and used for click-chemistry based pull downs. Covalently linked proteins were washed and digested off-bead, or eluted with strong acid and loaded into a SDS-PAGE gel. Digestion with Lys-C, trypsin consequetively and LC-MS/MS. Both dimethyl labeling, as well as qualitative measurements were done. For both the qualitative and the quantitative dataset peak lists were generated from the raw data files using the Proteome Discoverer software package version 1.3.339. Peptide identification was performed by searching the combined peak lists of the entire gel lane (10 bands) against a concatenated target-decoy database containing the human sequences in the Uniprot database (release 2012_06) supplemented with a common contaminants database using the Mascot search engine version 2.3 via the Proteome Discoverer interface. The search parameters included the use of trypsin as proteolytic enzyme allowing up to a maximum of 2 missed cleavages. For the qualitative dataset, carbamidomethylation of cysteines was set as a fixed modification whereas oxidation of methionines was set as variable modification. Precursor mass tolerance was initially set at 50 ppm, while fragment mass tolerance was set at 0.6 Da. Subsequently, the peptide identifications were filtered for true mass accuracy <10 ppm and an ion score of 25. For the quantitative dataset carbamidomethylation of cysteines was set as a fixed modification whereas oxidation of methionines and the dimethyl light and intermediate labels on N-termini and lysine residues were set as variable modifications. Precursor mass tolerance was initially set at 50 ppm, while fragment mass tolerance was set at 0.6 Da for ETD-IT fragmentation and 0.05 Da for HCD and ETD-FT fragmentation. Subsequently, the peptide identifications were filtered for true mass accuracy <10 ppm and an ion score of 25.

2013-08-14 | PXD000073 | Pride

Recruitment of a peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase as a facilitator of group II intron splicing in chloroplasts.

Project description:Group II introns are catalytic RNAs that have been proposed to be the evolutionary precursors to the spliceosome. Most group II introns require accessory factors to splice efficiently in vivo, but few such factors have been identified. We have cloned the maize nuclear gene crs2, which is required for the splicing of nine group II introns in chloroplasts. CRS2 is related to peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase enzymes. However, CRS2 expression failed to rescue an Escherichia coli pth(ts) mutant and CRS2 lacks several conserved amino acids that are important for the activity of the E.coli enzyme, indicating that it may lack peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase activity. CRS2 is localized to the chloroplast stroma, where it is found in a large salt-stable complex that contains RNA. CRS2 co-sediments with group II intron RNA during centrifugation of stroma through sucrose gradients, suggesting that CRS2 facilitates splicing via direct interaction with intron RNA. Sequence comparisons indicate how evolutionary tinkering may have allowed an enzyme that interacts with peptidyl-tRNAs to acquire a function in group II intron splicing.

| S-EPMC145411 | biostudies-literature

Effects of Plant Extracelllular ATP

Project description:Not available

2009-12-01 | PRD000133 | Pride

Plant diseases "Esca proper and apoplexy"

Project description:Physiological changes in green stems of Vitis vinifera L. cv.Chardonnay in response to esca proper and apoplexy revealed by proteomic and transcriptomic analyses

2012-02-01 | PRD000582 | Pride

Protein extraction in recalcitrant plant species

Project description:A possible approach for gel-based proteomic studies in recalcitrant woody plants, using phenol as the most suitable protein extraction method when working with tissues with high interfering compounds

2013-07-09 | PXD000224 | Pride

Enhancing Paraoxon Binding to Organophosphorus Hydrolase Active Site.

Project description:Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) is a metalloenzyme that can hydrolyze organophosphorus agents resulting in products that are generally of reduced toxicity. The best OPH substrate found to date is diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (paraoxon). Most structural and kinetic studies assume that the binding orientation of paraoxon is identical to that of diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate, which is the only substrate analog co-crystallized with OPH. In the current work, we used a combined docking and molecular dynamics (MD) approach to predict the likely binding mode of paraoxon. Then, we used the predicted binding mode to run MD simulations on the wild type (WT) OPH complexed with paraoxon, and OPH mutants complexed with paraoxon. Additionally, we identified three hot-spot residues (D253, H254, and I255) involved in the stability of the OPH active site. We then experimentally assayed single and double mutants involving these residues for paraoxon binding affinity. The binding free energy calculations and the experimental kinetics of the reactions between each OPH mutant and paraoxon show that mutated forms D253E, D253E-H254R, and D253E-I255G exhibit enhanced substrate binding affinity over WT OPH. Interestingly, our experimental results show that the substrate binding affinity of the double mutant D253E-H254R increased by 19-fold compared to WT OPH.

| S-EPMC8657610 | biostudies-literature

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