Dataset Information

The gut microbiota affects the mucus barrier

ABSTRACT: Two C57BL/6 mice colonies maintained in two rooms in the same specific pathogen free (SPF) facility were found to have different gut microbiota and a mucus phenotype specific for each colony. The thickness and growth of the colon mucus was similar in the two colonies, but one colony had mucus not penetrable to bacteria or bacterial-sized beads, similar to what occurs in free-living wild mice. On the other hand, the other colony had an inner mucus layer that was penetrable to bacteria and beads. These different properties of the mucus in the two rooms were dependent on the microbiota, as the phenotypes were transmissible by transfer of ceacal microbiota to germ-free mice. Mice with an impenetrable mucus layer had increased amounts of Erysipelotrichi, while mice with a penetrable mucus layer had higher levels of Proteobacteria and TM7 bacteria in the distal colon mucus. Thus bacteria affect mucus barrier properties in ways that can have implications for health and disease.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Colon, Ileum

DISEASE(S): Disease Free

SUBMITTER: Ana M. Rodriguez-Pineiro

LAB HEAD: Gunnar C. Hansson

PROVIDER: PXD001479 | Pride | 2015-02-09

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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The composition of the gut microbiota shapes the colon mucus barrier.

Jakobsson Hedvig E HE Rodríguez-Piñeiro Ana M AM Schütte André A Ermund Anna A Boysen Preben P Bemark Mats M Sommer Felix F Bäckhed Fredrik F Hansson Gunnar C GC Johansson Malin E V ME

EMBO reports 20141218 2

Two C57BL/6 mice colonies maintained in two rooms of the same specific pathogen-free (SPF) facility were found to have different gut microbiota and a mucus phenotype that was specific for each colony. The thickness and growth of the colon mucus were similar in the two colonies. However, one colony had mucus that was impenetrable to bacteria or beads the size of bacteria-which is comparable to what we observed in free-living wild mice-whereas the other colony had an inner mucus layer penetrable t ...[more]

PMID: 25525071

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Project description:Transcriptome profiling of E. coli MG1655, E. coli EDL933, E. coli ECOR26, and E. coli Nissle 1917 grown on mouse cecal mucus as carbon source The carbon sources that support growth of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in the mammalian intestine have not previously been investigated. In vivo, pathogenic E. coli EDL933 primarily grows as dispersed single cells within the mucus layer that overlies the mouse cecal epithelium. We therefore compared the pathogen and commensal E. coli MG1655 for their mode of metabolism in vitro on a mixture of the sugars known to be present in cecal mucus and found that the two strains used the thirteen sugars in a similar order and co-metabolized as many as nine sugars at a time. We conducted a systematic mutational analysis of E. coli EDL933 and E. coli MG1655 with lesions in the pathways used for catabolism of thirteen mucus-derived sugars and five other compounds for which the corresponding gene system was induced in the transcriptome of cells grown on cecal mucus. Each of 18 catabolic mutants in both genetic backgrounds was fed to streptomycin-treated mice together with the respective wildtype parent strain and their colonization was monitored in fecal plate counts. None of the mutations corresponding to the five compounds not found in mucosal polysaccharides resulted in colonization defects. Based on the mutations that caused colonization defects, we determined that both E. coli EDL933 and E. coli MG1655 used arabinose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine in the intestine. In addition, E. coli EDL933 used galactose, hexuronates, mannose and ribose, whereas E. coli MG1655 used gluconate and N-acetylneuraminic acid. The colonization defects of six catabolic lesions were found to be additive in E. coli EDL933, but not E. coli MG1655. The data indicate that pathogenic E. coli EDL933 uses sugars that are not used by commensal E. coli MG1655 to colonize the mouse intestine. The results suggest a strategy whereby invading pathogens gain advantage by simultaneously consuming several sugars that may be available because they are not consumed by the commensal intestinal microbiota. Keywords: growth condition: carbon source was mouse cecal mucus E. coli strains were grown on MOPS minimal medium containing 10 mg/ml of mucus or 0.2% glucose in 10 ml standing culture in testtubes and harvested at OD600 = 0.4.

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