Dataset Information

Comparative proteomic analysis of Leishmania parasite isolates obtained from visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases patients

ABSTRACT: As a vector-borne disease, leishmaniasis is caused by a parasitic protozoans of leishmania genus and transmitted by female Phlebotomine sandflies. Depending on the body location where immotile form of the parasite namely amastigote is proliferated, three main clinical forms as cutaneous, muco-cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases are defined. While manifestation of cutaneous leishmaniasis is skin lesions on the exposed part of the body, enlarged lymph nodes, spleen or liver along with fever, fatigue and weight loss are the symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis. The most dangerous form is visceral leishmaniasis since it may end up with fatalities if patients are not treated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between the protein expression profiles of leishmania isolates obtained from visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. To compare two sample groups to each other genetically, L.infantum was chosen since it causes both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Additionally, another sample group as cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L.tropica was included to make the comparison both intra- and interspecies level. For protein profiling, both gel-based and gel-free proteomic approaches were carried out. In brief, a total of 15 samples, 5 from each group, were separated on pI 3-10 2D-PAGE gel. Additionally, 9 of those 15 samples, 3 from each group, were analyzed according to qualitative shotgun proteomics method and differential proteins were determined by drawing venn diagram.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ XL

ORGANISM(S): Leishmania Infantum Leishmania Tropica

TISSUE(S): Promastigote

DISEASE(S): Cutaneous Leishmaniasis,Visceral Leishmaniasis

SUBMITTER: Melike Dinc

LAB HEAD: Prof. Dr. Talat YALCIN

PROVIDER: PXD016333 | Pride | 2022-01-14

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Comparative proteomic analysis of <i>Leishmania</i> parasites isolated from visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis patients.

Dinç Melike M Yalçın Talat T Çavuş İbrahim İ Özbilgin Ahmet A

Parasitology 20211111 3

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease in which different clinical manifestations are classified into three primary forms: visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous. These disease forms are associated with parasite species of the protozoan genus Leishmania. For instance, Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica are typically linked with visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) leishmaniasis, respectively; however, these two species can also cause other form to a lesser extent. What is more alarming is thi ...[more]

PMID: 34758895

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Project description:Among the most central questions in Leishmania research is why some species remain in the skin dermis at the site of infection by the sand fly vector whereas other species migrate to visceral organs where they cause fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Although L. donovani is the species typically responsible for visceral leishmaniasis, an atypical L. donovani strain is the etiologic agent for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. To identify molecular determinants for visceral disease, we have analysed the phenotype and genotype of two L. donovani clinical isolates from Sri Lanka where one isolate was derived from a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient (CL) and the other from a visceral leishmaniasis patient (VL). These isolates cause dramatically different pathology when introduced into mice; notably the CL isolate has lost the ability to survive in visceral organs while the VL isolate was highly virulent in visceral organs of BALB/c mice. Whole genome sequencing of the CL and VL isolates revealed that these genomes were very similar as there were no gene deletions and few individual gene amplifications. Indels resulting in frame shifts and loss/gain of stop codons resulted in 13 distinct pseudogenes present in each of the CL and VL isolates. There were 154 non-synonymous SNPs specific to the CL isolate and 193 non-synonymous SNPs specific to the VL isolate. Genome wide gene expression analysis revealed several transcript level differences, including the A2 virulence gene resulting in higher expression of A2 proteins in the VL isolate than in the CL isolate. Genotypic variations relevant to pathology and tropism in Leishmania can be interrogated by reverse genetics. Experimentally increasing A2 expression in the CL isolate through gene transfer significantly increased itM-bM-^@M-^Ys ability to survive in the spleen of BALB/c mice and conversely, down-regulating A2 expression in the VL isolate abrogated attenuated its survival in BALB/c mice. These observations reveal that there are relatively few genetic differences between the CL and VL isolates apart from the A2 genes, but collectively these have profound effects on human disease and experimentally infected mice. 6 Samples in total, 3 each from VL and CL causing isolates were analyzed by Splice Leader RNASeq. These three samples from each of the isolates were grown to form one of the following three lifestages, Promastigotes, Macrophage derived Amastigotes, Axenic Amastigotes.

Project description:Among the most central questions in Leishmania research is why some species remain in the skin dermis at the site of infection by the sand fly vector whereas other species migrate to visceral organs where they cause fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Although L. donovani is the species typically responsible for visceral leishmaniasis, an atypical L. donovani strain is the etiologic agent for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. To identify molecular determinants for visceral disease, we have analysed the phenotype and genotype of two L. donovani clinical isolates from Sri Lanka where one isolate was derived from a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient (CL) and the other from a visceral leishmaniasis patient (VL). These isolates cause dramatically different pathology when introduced into mice; notably the CL isolate has lost the ability to survive in visceral organs while the VL isolate was highly virulent in visceral organs of BALB/c mice. Whole genome sequencing of the CL and VL isolates revealed that these genomes were very similar as there were no gene deletions and few individual gene amplifications. Indels resulting in frame shifts and loss/gain of stop codons resulted in 13 distinct pseudogenes present in each of the CL and VL isolates. There were 154 non-synonymous SNPs specific to the CL isolate and 193 non-synonymous SNPs specific to the VL isolate. Genome wide gene expression analysis revealed several transcript level differences, including the A2 virulence gene resulting in higher expression of A2 proteins in the VL isolate than in the CL isolate. Genotypic variations relevant to pathology and tropism in Leishmania can be interrogated by reverse genetics. Experimentally increasing A2 expression in the CL isolate through gene transfer significantly increased it’s ability to survive in the spleen of BALB/c mice and conversely, down-regulating A2 expression in the VL isolate abrogated attenuated its survival in BALB/c mice. These observations reveal that there are relatively few genetic differences between the CL and VL isolates apart from the A2 genes, but collectively these have profound effects on human disease and experimentally infected mice.