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Dairying enabled Early Bronze Age Yamnaya steppe expansions

ABSTRACT: Ancient protein analysis of human dental calculus to look for evidence of early milk consumption

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Dental Plaque

SUBMITTER: Shevan Wilkin

LAB HEAD: Prof. Dr. Nicole Boivin

PROVIDER: PXD022300 | Pride | 2021-08-09

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
	20180118_35_S172084_SW146_Z638.mgf	Mgf
	20180118_35_S172084_Z638.raw	Raw
	20180416_05_S177200_Z438.raw	Raw
	20180416_05_S177200_Z438_SW73_KRI9-K2-N2.mgf	Mgf
	20180416_07_S177202_Z440.raw	Raw

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Publications

Dairying enabled Early Bronze Age Yamnaya steppe expansions.

Wilkin Shevan S Ventresca Miller Alicia A Fernandes Ricardo R Spengler Robert R Taylor William T-T WT Brown Dorcas R DR Reich David D Kennett Douglas J DJ Culleton Brendan J BJ Kunz Laura L Fortes Claudia C Kitova Aleksandra A Kuznetsov Pavel P Epimakhov Andrey A Zaibert Victor F VF Outram Alan K AK Kitov Egor E Khokhlov Aleksandr A Anthony David D Boivin Nicole N

Nature 20210915 7882

During the Early Bronze Age, populations of the western Eurasian steppe expanded across an immense area of northern Eurasia. Combined archaeological and genetic evidence supports widespread Early Bronze Age population movements out of the Pontic-Caspian steppe that resulted in gene flow across vast distances, linking populations of Yamnaya pastoralists in Scandinavia with pastoral populations (known as the Afanasievo) far to the east in the Altai Mountains<sup>1,2</sup> and Mongolia<sup>3</sup>. ...[more]

PMID: 34526723

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Dairying enabled Early Bronze Age Yamnaya steppe expansions - additional files

Project description:This project explores dietary proteins in human dental calculus through shotgun proteomics. These files are in addition to those accidentally not included in the original publication, Dairying enabled Early Bronze Age Yamnaya steppe expansions . DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03798-4. Files include raw, mgf, and mzid files from the two Botai individuals: DA092 (Botai 2A), DA089 (CII(3) 30-40), and additional files from Russian sites: DA431, DA431 (Lebyazhinka 5, LEB N-0), Z333 (Khvalynsk 2, KHA2 N-12), and Z444 (Murziha 2, MUR2 N-128) as well as the blanks used in the experiments. It also inlcludes the corresponding files for DA436, as in the previous upload an under-injected sample was included as the MDF.

2022-05-16 | PXD033607 | Pride

Proteomic Evidence of Dietary Sources in Ancient Dental Calculus

Project description:Archaeological dental calculus has emerged as a rich source of ancient biomolecules, including proteins. Previous analyses of proteins extracted from ancient dental calculus revealed the presence of the dietary milk protein β-lactoglobulin, providing direct evidence of dairy consumption in the archaeological record. However, the potential for calculus to preserve other food-related proteins has not yet been systematically explored. Here we analyse shotgun metaproteomic data from 100 archaeological dental calculus samples ranging from the Iron Age to the post-medieval period (8thC BC - 19thC AD) in Britain, as well as dental calculus from contemporary dental patients and recently deceased individuals, to characterise the range and extent of dietary proteins preserved in dental calculus. In addition to milk proteins, we detected proteomic evidence of foodstuffs such as cereals and plant products, as well as the digestive enzyme salivary amylase. We discuss the importance of optimized protein extraction methods, data analysis approaches, and authentication strategies in the identification of dietary proteins from archaeological dental calculus. Our ability to detect dietary proteins, although limited, demonstrates the potential of these methods to robustly identify foodstuffs in the archaeological record that are under-represented due to their poor preservation.

2018-07-18 | PXD009603 | Pride

The spread of herds and horses into the Altai

Project description:This project explores dietary proteins in human dental calculus through shotgun proteomics

2022-04-06 | PXD029267 | Pride

Proteomic Analysis of Dental Calculus from an Elite Mongol Cemetery

Project description:This project explores dietary proteins in human dental calculus through shotgun proteomics

2023-05-10 | PXD024510 | Pride

Proteomic anlysis of dental calculus samples from Xiaohe

Project description:This analysis is a part of a larger study of the genomic origins of the Tarim Basin mummies. The dental calculus of seven individuals from Xiaohe contained ruminant dairy proteins, confirming milk consumption by the earliest inhabitants of Xiaohe.

2021-09-09 | PXD027706 | Pride

Palmer et al: Dental Method Comparison

Project description:The dental calculus proteome from human remains is a considered a valuable archaeological resource for studying the diet, oral microbiome, health/disease of individuals and occupation activities individuals within past societies/civilisations. The combination of advancements in LC/MS instrument sensitivity and sample prepartion methods enables the analysis of these well preserved proteomes otherwise invisible to other biomolecular approaches. Maximizing proteome recovery from this minute and finite resource is paramount to our understanding of these past societies and civilisations in terms of diet and disease. Here we compare the more traditional ultrafiltration-based and acetone precipitation approaches with the newer paramagnetic bead approach (SP3) in a step towards achieving this aim. We specifically evaluate different acids (EDTA and HCl) and proteome extraction methodologies (Ultrafiltration, Acetone Precipitation and SP3)to test the influence of demineralization acid and method of extraction on the recovered proteome complexity (including numbers of peptides recovered) and sequence coverageand observed for these ancient dental calculus specimens.

2021-02-19 | PXD023399 | Pride

Dairying supported prehistoric occupation of the highland Tibetan Plateau

Project description:The extreme environments of the Tibetan Plateau offer significant challenges to human survival, demanding novel adaptations. While the role of biological and agricultural adaptations in enabling early human colonization of the plateau has been widely discussed, the contribution of pastoralism is less well understood, especially the dairy pastoralism that has historically been central to Tibetan diets. Here, we analyze preserved proteins from the dental calculus of 40 ancient individuals to report the earliest direct evidence of dairy consumption on the Tibetan Plateau. Our palaeoproteomic results demonstrate that dairy pastoralism began on the higher plateau by approximately 3,500 years ago, more than 2,000 years earlier than the recording of dairying in historical sources. With less than 1% of the Tibetan Plateau dedicated to farmland, pastoralism and the milking of ruminants were essential for large-scale human expansion into agriculturally-marginal regions that make up the majority of the plateau. Dairy pastoralism allowed conversion of abundant grasslands into nutritional human food, which facilitating adaptation in the face of extreme climatic and altitudinal pressures, and maximizing the land area available for long-term human occupation of the “roof of the world”.

2023-03-15 | PXD028538 | Pride

Human Dental Calculus_Neolithic_Southern Italy

Project description:Characterisation of the metaproteome of a dental calculus sample extracted from a Neolithic burial, San Lorenzo Bellizzi, Italy (CS).

2023-10-24 | PXD039654 | Pride

Emergence and intensification of dairying in the Caucasus and Eurasian steppes

Project description:Archaeological and archaeogenetic evidence points to the Pontic-Caspian steppe zone between the Caucasus and the Black Sea as the crucible from which the earliest steppe pastoralist societies arose and spread, ultimately influencing populations from Europe to Inner Asia. However, little is known about their economic foundations and the factors that may have contributed to their extensive mobility. Here we investigate the dental calculus proteomes of 45 individuals spanning the Neolithic to Greco-Roman periods in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe and neighboring South Caucasus, Oka-Volga-Don, and East Urals regions.

2021-11-03 | PXD027728 | Pride

Evidence for long-distance trade in exotic foods and spices from South Asia to the Near East in the 2nd millennium BCE

Project description:Although the key role of long-distance trade in the transformation of cuisines worldwide has been well-documented since at least the Roman era, the prehistory of the Eurasian food trade is less visible. In order to shed light on the transformation of Eastern Mediterranean cuisines during the Bronze and Early Iron Age, we analyzed microremains and proteins preserved in the dental calculus of individuals who lived during the 2nd millennium BCE in the Southern Levant. Our results provide clear evidence for the consumption of expected staple foods, such as cereals (Triticeae), sesame (Sesamum) and dates (Phoenix). We additionally report evidence for the consumption of soybean (Glycine), probable banana (Musa), and turmeric (Curcuma), which pushes back the earliest known availability of these foods in the Mediterranean by centuries (turmeric) or even millennia (soybean). We find that, from the early 2nd millennium onwards, at least some people in the Eastern Mediterranean had access to food from distant locations, including South Asia, and such trade goods likely reached the Eastern Mediterranean in the form of oils, dried fruits, and spices. These novel insights force us to rethink the complexity and intensity of Indo-Mediterranean trade during the Bronze Age and also the degree of globalization in early Eastern Mediterranean cuisine.

2020-12-22 | PXD021498 | Pride

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