Dataset Information

From birth to adulthood: An analysis of Bothrops moojeni snake venom at different life stages

ABSTRACT: Bothrops moojeni has a wide distribution in Brazil and represents a serious medical concern at some localities. Previous works reported that the manifestations of snakebites caused by B. moojeni juveniles were mainly related to coagulation, while those caused by adults had more prominent local damage. In this work, we aimed to analyze the venoms of B. moojeni at different life stages to better understand how the venom shifts along the ontogeny. Snakes were grouped by age and sex, and venom pools were formed accordingly. Compositional analyses by one-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE), chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that ontogenetic changes may be mostly related to phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and metalloproteases. Regarding the functional aspect of the venoms, in vitro assays of proteolytic, L-amino acid oxidase, PLA2 and coagulant activities were assayed, but only the first and the last showed age-related changes, with the venom of younger snakes displaying lower proteolytic and higher coagulant activities up to 1 year-old; from 2 years-old onward, the venoms presented the opposite relation. The venoms of 3 years-old snakes were exceptions to the compositional and functional pattern of adults. Sex-related differences were observed at specific groups and not related to age. In vivo experiments (median lethal dose and hemorrhagic activity) were statistically similar between neonates and adults, but observation of the time each venom took to kill the mice revealed that the adult one seemed to act faster than the venoms of the neonates. All venoms were mostly recognized by the antibothropic serum and displayed similar profiles to 1-DE in western blotting. In conclusion, the venoms showed ontogenetic shift in composition and activities. Furthermore, this change occurred from 1 to 2 years-old, and interestingly the 3 years-old pools had particular characteristics, which highlight the importance of extending the studies to better understand venom variability.

INSTRUMENT(S): Synapt MS

ORGANISM(S): Crotalus Durissus Terrificus Bothrops Moojeni

TISSUE(S): Venom

SUBMITTER: Alexandre Keiji Tashima

LAB HEAD: Alexandre Keiji Tashima

PROVIDER: PXD024447 | Pride | 2021-06-24

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	20180425_10_Anita_Bmoojeni_1azul_UDMSE_001.raw.zip	Raw
	20180425_10_Anita_Bmoojeni_1azul_UDMSE_002.raw.zip	Raw
	20180425_11_Anita_Bmoojeni_2azul_UDMSE_001.raw.zip	Raw
	20180425_11_Anita_Bmoojeni_2azul_UDMSE_002.raw.zip	Raw
	20180425_12_Anita_Bmoojeni_3azul_UDMSE_001.raw.zip	Raw

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Publications

From birth to adulthood: An analysis of the Brazilian lancehead (Bothrops moojeni) venom at different life stages.

Hatakeyama Daniela Miki DM Jorge Tasima Lídia L da Costa Galizio Nathália N Serino-Silva Caroline C Fabri Bittencourt Rodrigues Caroline C Rodrigues Stuginski Daniel D Stefanini Sant'Anna Sávio S Fernandes Grego Kathleen K Tashima Alexandre Keiji AK Nishiduka Erika Sayuri ES de Morais-Zani Karen K Tanaka-Azevedo Anita Mitico AM

PloS one 20210610 6

The Brazilian lancehead (Bothrops moojeni) has a wide distribution in Brazil and represents a serious public health hazard. Previous works reported that the symptoms of snakebites caused by B. moojeni juveniles' bites were mainly related to coagulation, while those caused by adults' bites had a more prominent local damage. In this work, we analyzed the venoms of B. moojeni at different life stages to better understand the ontogeny shift in this species. Snakes were grouped by age and sex, and ve ...[more]

PMID: 34111213

Similar Datasets

Project description:Snake venoms are complex protein mixtures with different biological activities that can act in both their preys and human victims. Many of these proteins play a role in prey capture and in the digestive process of these animals. It is known that some snakes are resistant to the toxicity of their own venom by mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. However, it was observed in the Laboratory of Herpetology of Instituto Butantan that some Bothrops moojeni individuals injured by the same snake species showed mortalities caused by envenoming effects. This study analyzed the biochemical composition of 13 venom and plasma samples from Bothrops moojeni specimens to assess differences in their protein composition. Application of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed distinct venom protein profiles, but very homogeneous plasma profiles. Western Blotting (WB) was performed with plasma samples, which were submitted to incubation with the respective venom. Some individuals showed an immunorecognized band zone around 25 kDa, indicating interaction between the same individual plasma and venom proteins. Crossed-WB assay using non-self-plasma and venom showed that this variability is due to venom protein composition instead of plasma composition. These venoms presented higher caseinolytic, collagenolytic and coagulant activities than the venoms without these regions recognized by WB. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that these individuals present, in addition to higher protein concentrations, other exclusive proteins in their composition. When these samples were tested in vivo, the results also showed higher lethality in these venoms, but lower hemorrhagic activity than in the venoms without these regions recognized by WB. In conclusion, some Bothrops moojeni specimens differ in venom composition, which may have implications in envenomation. Moreover, the high individual venom variability found in this species demonstrates the importance to work with individual analysis in studies involving intraspecific venom variability and venom evolution.

Project description:Snake venoms have evolved in a few families of Caenophidae, and their toxins have been fine-tuned over the evolutive process into highly effective biochemical weapons with a particular role as a trophic adaptation. However, there are many outstanding questions on how venom contributes to the success of venomous species and their adaptation to different environments. Here we analyze the venoms from sympatric and generalist specimens of B. hyoprora, B. taeniatus, B. b. smaragdinus, B. brazili, and B. atrox collected in the wild of Alto Juruá region at the Amazon Forest aiming to understand whether the venom composition could be a driver or influence the arboreal habitats of B. taeniatus and B. b. smaragdinus, or the successful dispersion of B. atrox across the Amazon Forest. Venom composition and the primary sequences of toxin isoforms were characterized by venom gland transcriptomics followed by proteomics. The venom composition of the five species conserved the same protein families present in venoms of Bothropoid snakes but with remarkable differences in the chromatographic profiles and in the relative amount of each toxin group: CTLs were the most abundant in the venoms of B. taeniatus (31.6%), B. b. smaragdinus (33.0%), and B. atrox (32.0%) and SVMPs and PLA2s dominated in venoms of B. hyoprora (23.7% and 20.2%) and B. brazili (20.2% and 20.4%). Some peculiarities were also observed: B. hyoprora venom was the least complex, conserving important isoforms shared with B. atrox venom; the presence of one cluster of SVSPs exclusive to B. brazili venom isoforms; and the presence of the K49-PLA2 homologs only in B. b. smaragdinus and particularly in B. brazili venoms. The SVMP, SVSP, and PLA2 enzyme activities were consistent with the abundance and type of isoforms present in the venoms. B. hyoprora, B. taeniatus, B. b. smaragdinus, and B. atrox venoms presented low lethality to small rodents, while B. brazili venom was the most lethal. Concluding, differences were evidenced between the venoms of B. taeniatus and B. b. smaragdinus arboreal species, while B. b. smaragdinus shared a venom with a similar composition to B. atrox venom, mostly terrestrial. Considering the role of venom toxicity in species' success for adaptation in different areas, B. atrox is the most adapted in the whole Amazonian territory and presented the least lethal venom, while the venom of B. brazili was the most lethal despite its small distribution in the same area. Therefore, our data suggest that the selection of venom composition may not influence the success or behavior of snake species. In this way, other biotic or abiotic factors influence their foraging status or their dispersal in different ecological niches.

Project description:Snake venom inhibitors have been studied for over a century. Among them are the plasma proteins of some mammals and of non-venomous and venomous snakes, which have the ability to promote resistance to the venom. These proteins have aroused biotechnological interest, as they are an excellent alternative for the development of new drugs. The main proteins found in animal plasma, capable of neutralizing venom, are metalloproteinase inhibitors and PLA2 inhibitors (PLIs). The PLA2 acts on cell membrane phospholipids resulting in fatty acids, lysophospholipids and cell membrane deconstruction. This protein is commonly responsible for the local effect of envenomation, causing tissue inflammation in the affected area. Based on this information, γBjPLI was recently isolated, which is a PLI present in the blood of the venomous snake Bothrops jararaca. This protein is classified as belonging to the gamma (γ) class, based on its characteristic domains. γBjPLI has approximately 22 kDa and inhibits the enzymatic, edematogenic and myonecrotic activities of PLA2, suggesting a role of this inhibitor in the protection of these snakes against self-envenomation. Knowing that, in this work it is presented a comparative study of the protein composition of the plasma of newborns, young and adults, females and males of B. jararaca, by analysis of SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, affinity chromatography, ELISA and mass spectrometry. Such analysis allowed to identify PLI-like proteins (αPLI, βPLI and γPLI) at all stages of life, however, there was no clear evidence that there is a significant difference in ontogeny. An evaluation of the interaction and neutralization of crotoxin anticoagulant activity by thromboelastometry was also performed, and γBjPLI was able to inhibit up to 43% of the activity. In addition, it showed a greater affinity for PLA2 Asp-49 compared to PLA2 Lys-49, evidenced by an alteration in spectra obtained by circular dichroism, and by the inhibition of myotoxic and edematogenic activities, with values of 19.6% and 38. 5% for PLA2 Asp-49, higher than 16% and 19.6% for PLA2 Lys-49, respectively. Furthermore, to establish new methods for obtaining these inhibitors with greater yield, stability, and activity, γBjPLI was cloned and expressed using the pET28a vector and a SHuffle expression strain of the bacterium species Escherichia coli