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The Role of Extracellular Spliceosomal snRNAs in Communication of Ovarian Cancer Cells

ABSTRACT: Exogenous signals from drug-stressed cancer cells accelerate the proliferation of neighboring tumor cells and promote them to acquire a more aggressive phenotype. We have recently found an exciting phenomenon: drug-stressed cancer cells secrete various components of the spliceosome: proteins and a number of snRNAs. We have observed this phenomenon both in vitro (culture media from cancer cell lines [Pavluykov M. et al.//Cancer Cell, 2018]) and in vivo (ovarian cancer ascites after chemotherapy [Shender V. et al//Mol. Сell. Proteomics, 2014]). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of secreted spliceosomal snRNAs in intercellular communication. We constructed synthetic U12 and U6atac snRNAs close to the natural structure, including some non-canonical nucleotides imitating post-transcriptional RNA modification. Proteomic analysis of SKOV3 cells transfected with U6atac or U12 snRNA analogs has shown that both exogenous snRNAs lead to an increase of abundance of proteins related to cell cycle regulation and M phase. It has been recently shown that a number of spliceosomal proteins affect regulation of the cell cycle, in particular the M phase (Maslon et al., 2014). Here we demonstrated that not only spliceosomal proteins but also spliceosomal snRNAs (U12 and U6atac) affect activation of mitotic cell cycle genes. This study reveals previously unknown signaling molecules in the microenvironment of ovarian cancer that have potential clinical significance.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Epithelial Cell, Cell Culture

DISEASE(S): Malignant Neoplasm Of Ovary

SUBMITTER: Georgij Arapidi

LAB HEAD: Georgij Pavlovich Arapidi

PROVIDER: PXD027950 | Pride | 2024-05-29

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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	Sh-13-3mkl.raw	Raw
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Effect of extracellular spliceosomal snRNAs on the transcriptome of ovarian cancer cells

Project description:Exogenous signals from drug-stressed cancer cells accelerate the proliferation of neighboring tumor cells and promote to acquire a more aggressive phenotype. We have recently found an exciting phenomenon: drug-stressed cancer cells secrete various components of the spliceosome: proteins and a number of snRNAs. We have observed this phenomenon both in vitro (culture media from cancer cell lines [Pavluykov M. et al., 2018]) and in vivo (ovarian cancer ascites after chemotherapy [Shender V. et al., 2014]). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of secreted spliceosomal snRNAs in intercellular communication. We constructed synthetic U12 and U6atac snRNAs close to the natural structure, including some non-canonical nucleotides imitating post-transcriptional RNA modifications. RNAseq analysis of SKOV3 cells transfected with U6atac or U12 snRNA analogs has shown that both exogenous snRNAs lead to an increase of abundance of proteins related to cell cycle regulation and M phase. It has been recently shown that a number of spliceosomal proteins affect regulation of the cell cycle, in particular the M phase [Maslon et al., 2014]. Here we demonstrated that not only spliceosomal proteins but also spliceosomal snRNAs (U12 and U6atac) affect cell cycle gene expression. This study revealed previously unknown signaling molecules in the microenvironment of ovarian cancer that have potential clinical significance.

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Project description:Exogenous signals from drug-stressed cancer cells promote acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype of neighboring tumor cells. To identify extracellular signaling molecules that potentially contribute to the development of therapy resistance, we examined how cancer cell secretome changes in response to chemotherapy. We performed LC-MS/MS analysis of conditioned media (CM) from ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 before and 48 hours after cisplatin treatment. We identified 1,820 and 784 proteins in secretomes of cancer cells treated or untreated with cisplatin, respectively. Functional annotation of proteins which secretion increased after cisplatin showed that these proteins were mainly associated with cluster of spliceosome. To investigate whether secretion of spliceosomal proteins during induction of apoptosis is a specific property of tumor cells, we compared proteomes of CM from primary culture of normal human skin fibroblasts before and 48 hours after exposure to cisplatin (IC50). A LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that most of the proteins in the CM of fibroblasts and cancer cells under normal conditions overlap, while the secretomes after therapy demonstrate much more pronounced differences. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed higher abundance of cell adhesion and extracellular matrix proteins in CM of fibroblasts before chemotherapy; while lysosomal proteins and growth factors, associated with wound healing were increased after cisplatin treatment. Spliceosomal proteins were only slightly present in fibroblast CM and did not show any changes in a response to chemotherapy. We suggest that the acquisition of ovarian cancer chemoresistance might be partially mediated by extracellular spliceosomal components.

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