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ProteasomeID: quantitative mapping of proteasome interactomes and substrates for in vitro and in vivo studies

ABSTRACT: Proximity labeling coupled to mass spectrometry enables in situ mapping of protein-protein interactions. Here, we have developed a strategy based on tagging of proteasomes with promiscuous biotin ligases and a newly generated mouse model to monitor the interactome of proteasomes in vivo. We demonstrate that biotin ligases can be incorporated in fully assembled proteasomes without negative impact on proteasome activity. Analysis of proteins labeled by tagged proteasomes retrieved more than half of the known proteasome-interacting proteins in a single mass spectrometry analysis, including assembly factors, activators and ubiquitin-cycle related proteins. We optimized the protocol for processing of proximity labeled samples to minimize contamination from streptavidin and implemented Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry for label-free analysis. We demonstrate the utility of our workflow by identifying novel proteasome-interacting proteins, charting interactomes across mouse organs, and showing that proximity-labeling can be used to identify both endogenous and small molecule-induced proteasome substrates.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF-X

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Hek-293 Cell

SUBMITTER: Emilio Cirri

LAB HEAD: Alessandro Ori

PROVIDER: PXD032833 | Pride | 2024-07-05

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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	191129_AB_DIA_QEHFX_A4_16_Am.raw	Raw
	191129_AB_DIA_QEHFX_A4_19_Am.raw	Raw
	191129_AB_DIA_QEHFX_A4_2_Am.raw	Raw
	191129_AB_DIA_QEHFX_A4_9_Am.raw	Raw
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ProteasomeID: quantitative mapping of proteasome interactomes and substrates for in vitro and in vivo studies

Project description:Proximity labeling coupled to mass spectrometry enables in situ mapping of protein-protein interactions. Here, we have developed a strategy based on tagging of proteasomes with promiscuous biotin ligases and a newly generated mouse model to monitor the interactome of proteasomes in vivo. We demonstrate that biotin ligases can be incorporated in fully assembled proteasomes without negative impact on proteasome activity. Analysis of proteins labeled by tagged proteasomes retrieved more than half of the known proteasome-interacting proteins in a single mass spectrometry analysis, including assembly factors, activators and ubiquitin-cycle related proteins. We optimized the protocol for processing of proximity labeled samples to minimize contamination from streptavidin and implemented Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry for label-free analysis. We demonstrate the utility of our workflow by identifying novel proteasome-interacting proteins, charting interactomes across mouse organs, and showing that proximity-labeling can be used to identify both endogenous and small molecule-induced proteasome substrates.

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ProteasomeID: quantitative mapping of proteasome interactomes and substrates for in vitro and in vivo studies

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Systematic identification of 20S proteasome targets

Project description:For many years, the ubiquitin-26S proteasome degradation pathway was considered the principal route for proteasomal degradation. However, it is now becoming clear that proteins can also be targeted for degradation by an ubiquitin-independent mechanism mediated by the core 20S proteasome itself. The fact that half of cellular proteasomes are free 20S complexes suggests that degradation by this complex is not limited to rare cases. Identifying 20S proteasome substrates is challenging, as different pools of the same protein can be sent to degradation via either 20S or 26S proteasomes. Hence, current knowledge regarding the repertoire of 20S proteasome substrates mainly originates from individual case studies. Here, in an effort to unravel the global repertoire of substrates degraded by the 20S proteasome, we used an advanced mass spectrometry approach coupled with biochemical and cellular analysis. Our analysis enabled the identification of hundreds of 20S proteasome substrates. In addition to proteins that are degraded to completion, we also identified proteins that undergo specific cleavage by the 20S proteasome, at their N- or C- termini, to possibly tune their function. We also found that 20S substrates are significantly enriched with RNA- and DNA-binding proteins that contain intrinsically disordered regions. The vast majority of them are localized in the nucleus and stress granules. Further, we demonstrate that oxidized proteasomes have reduced proteolytic activity compared to naïve proteasomes, which we propose is an adaptive advantage under conditions of cellular stress. Whereas oxidized protein substrates, rather than being folded proteins that lost their native structure due to the stress, actually display a higher degree of structural-disorder than naïve proteins. In summary, here we shed light on the nature of the 20S substrates, providing critical insight into the biological role of the 20S proteasome.

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Chronic administration of non-constitutive proteasome inhibitor modulates plasticity in hippocampus following tetanic stimulation, but not short theta-burst stimulation.

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Project description:Disruption in proteostasis is a hallmark of cancer, with aberrations in proteasome-mediated degradation highly implicated in this malignancy. Proteasomes further bear critical importance in tumor immunogenicity by regulating inflammatory signaling, promoting immune cell activation and playing a crucial role in antigen processing and presentation. Indeed, response to immunotherapy in melanoma patients has been recently linked to increased expression of immunoproteasomes, a specialized form of proteasomes that are upregulated under inflammatory conditions. Yet, the percentage of patients that respond to therapy remains low, and the underlying mechanisms driving resistance remain poorly understood. Further, comprehensive analysis of the role proteasomes play in the pathophysiology of cancer and as a modulator of anti-tumor immunity is remains lacking. Here, we show that proteasome complex composition varies across cancer types and can be used to stratify patient response to immunotherapy. Specifically, we found that the proteasome regulator PSME4 is upregulated in NSCLC and associated with poor prognosis. We show that PSME4 alters proteasome activity and antigen processing attenuating the antigenic diversity and presentation. Through exacting biochemical assays, proteasome profiling of patient-derived NSCLC samples, combined with scRNA-seq, immunopeptidomics and in vivo analyses we uncovered a novel mechanism of immune evasion mediated by PSME4, which promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and abrogates anti-tumor immunity. Collectively, our approach may be adapted to other cancer types and pathological settings and affords a novel paradigm by which proteasome composition heterogeneity should be examined and targeted in the context of precision oncology.

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