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Ciliary proteins of Chlamydomonas

ABSTRACT: We revealed the systematic regulation of ciliary composition in WT and the transition zone muntants.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii

SUBMITTER: Muqing Cao

LAB HEAD: Muqing Cao

PROVIDER: PXD033090 | Pride | 2022-08-12

REPOSITORIES: pride

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			Action	DRS
	20200808-YP202098298-21GR-1.raw	Raw
	20200808-YP202098298-21GR-2.raw	Raw
	20200808-YP202098298-CEP290-1.raw	Raw
	20200808-YP202098298-CEP290-2.raw	Raw
	20200808-YP202098298-NPHP4-1.raw	Raw

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Publications

Ciliary transition zone proteins coordinate ciliary protein composition and ectosome shedding.

Wang Liang L Wen Xin X Wang Zhengmao Z Lin Zaisheng Z Li Chunhong C Zhou Huilin H Yu Huimin H Li Yuhan Y Cheng Yifei Y Chen Yuling Y Lou Geer G Pan Junmin J Cao Muqing M

Nature communications 20220709 1

The transition zone (TZ) of the cilium/flagellum serves as a diffusion barrier that controls the entry/exit of ciliary proteins. Mutations of the TZ proteins disrupt barrier function and lead to multiple human diseases. However, the systematic regulation of ciliary composition and signaling-related processes by different TZ proteins is not completely understood. Here, we reveal that loss of TCTN1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii disrupts the assembly of wedge-shaped structures in the TZ. Proteomic a ...[more]

PMID: 35810181

Similar Datasets

The proteome of normal human iris, ciliary body, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid

Project description:The iris is a fine structure that controls the amount of light that enters the eye. The ciliary body controls the shape of the lens and produces aqueous humor. The retinal pigment epithelium and choroid (RPE/choroid) are essential in supporting the retina and absorbing light energy that enters the eye. Proteins were extracted from iris, ciliary body, and RPE/choroid tissues of eyes from five individuals and fractionated using SDS-PAGE. After in-gel digestion, peptides were analyzed using LC-MS/MS on an Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer. In iris, ciliary body, and RPE/choroid, we identified 2,959, 2,867, and 2,755 non-redundant proteins with protein false positive rate <1%. There were 43 unambiguous protein isoforms identified in iris, ciliary body, and RPE/choroid. Four “missing proteins” were found in ciliary body. The MS proteome database of the human iris, ciliary body, and RPE/choroid may serve as a valuable resource for future investigations of the eye in health and disease. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD001424.

2016-02-04 | PXD002194 | Pride

Evolutionary proteomics uncovers ciliary signaling components

Project description:Cilia are organelles specialized for movement and signaling. To infer when during animal evolution signaling pathways became associated with cilia, we characterized the proteomes of cilia from three organisms: sea urchins, sea anemones and choanoflagellates. From these ciliomes, we identified 437 high confidence ciliary candidate proteins conserved in mammals, including known regulators of Hh, GPCR and TRP channel signaling. The phylogenetic profiles of their ciliary association indicate that the Hh and GPCR pathways were linked to cilia before the origin of bilateria and TRP channels before the origin of animals. We demonstrated that some of the candidates not previously implicated in ciliary biology localized to cilia and further investigated ENKUR, a TRP channel-interacting protein that we identified in the cilia of all three organisms. In animals, ENKUR is expressed by cells with motile cilia, ENKUR localizes to cilia in diverse organisms and, in both Xenopus laevis and mice, ENKUR is required for patterning the left/right axis. Moreover, mutation of ENKUR causes situs inversus in humans. Thus, proteomic profiling of cilia from diverse eukaryotes defines a conserved ciliary proteome, reveals ancient connections to Hh, GPCR and TRP channel signaling, and uncovers a novel ciliary protein that controls vertebrate development and human disease.

2019-12-16 | PXD006632 | Pride

Methylation of Ciliary Dynein Motors Involves the Essential Cytosolic Assembly Factor DNAAF3/PF22

Project description:Axonemal dynein motors drive ciliary motility and can consist of up to twenty distinct components with a combined mass of ~2 MDa. In mammals, failure of dyneins to assemble within the axonemal superstructure leads to primary ciliary dyskinesia. Syndromic phenotypes include infertility, rhinitis, severe bronchial conditions, and situs inversus. Nineteen specific cytosolic factors (DNAAFs) are necessary for axonemal dynein assembly although the detailed mechanisms involved remain very unclear. Here we identify the assembly factor DNAAF3 as a structural ortholog of S-adenosyl methionine-dependent methyltransferases. We further demonstrate that dynein heavy chains, especially those forming the ciliary outer arms, are methylated on key residues within various nucleotide-binding sites and on microtubule-binding domain helices directly involved in the transition to low binding affinity. These variable modifications, which are generally missing in a Chlamydomonas null mutant for the DNAAF3 ortholog PF22 (DAB1), likely impact on motor mechanochemistry fine-tuning the activities of individual dynein complexes.

2024-02-12 | PXD045935 | Pride

Gene expression of the pigmented and non-pigmented epithelia of the ciliary body of human healthy eyes

Project description:The ciliary body (CB) of the human eye consists of the non-pigmented (NPE) and pigmented (PE) neuro-epithelia. We investigated the gene expression of the NPE and PE, to shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the most important functions of the CB. Therefore we isolated NPE and PE cells from seven healthy human donor eyes using laser dissection microscopy. Next, we performed RNA isolation, amplification, labeling and hybridization against 44k Agilent microarrays. We performed the microarrays against a common reference sample, namely human RPE/choroid RNA. We performed 7 replicates of PE samples from 7 different donors and 7 NPE replicates from the same 7 different donors.

2012-09-18 | E-GEOD-37957 | biostudies-arrayexpress

DLG1 functions upstream of SDCCAG3 and IFT20 to control ciliary targeting of polycystin-2

Project description:Polarized vesicular trafficking directs specific receptors and ion channels to cilia, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we describe a role for DLG1, a core component of the Scribble polarity complex, in regulating ciliary protein trafficking in kidney epithelial cells. Conditional knockout of Dlg1 in mouse kidney caused causes ciliary elongation and cystogenesis, and cell-based proximity labelling proteomics and fluorescence microscopy showed alterations in the ciliary proteome upon loss of DLG1. Specifically, the retromer-associated protein SDCCAG3, IFT20 and polycystin-2 (PC2) were are reduced in cilia of DLG1 deficient cells compared to control cells. This phenotype was is recapitulated in vivo and rescuable by re-expression of wildtype DLG1, but not a Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)-associated DLG1 variant, p.T489R. Finally, biochemical approaches and Alpha Fold modelling suggested that SDCCAG3 and IFT20 form a complex that associates, at least indirectly, with DLG1. Our work identifies a key role for DLG1 in regulating ciliary protein composition and suggests that ciliary dysfunction of the p.T489R DLG1 variant may contribute to CAKUT.

2024-05-14 | PXD051912 | Pride

CFAP45 deficiency causes situs abnormalities and asthenospermia by disrupting an axonemal adenine nucleotide homeostasis module

Project description:Axonemal dynein ATPases direct eukaryotic ciliary and flagellar beating via adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis. The modulatory effect of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) on flagellar beating is not fully understood. Here we describe a deficiency of CFAP45 in both humans and mice that presents a motile ciliopathy featuring situs inversus totalis and asthenospermia. CFAP45-deficient cilia and flagella show normal morphology and axonemal ultrastructure. Proteomic profiling links CFAP45 to an axonemal module including dynein ATPases and adenylate kinase as well as CFAP52, whose mutations cause a similar human ciliopathy. CFAP45 binds AMP in vitro, consistent with structural modelling that identifies an AMP-binding interface between CFAP45 and AK8. Microtubule sliding of dyskinetic sperm from Cfap45-/- mice is partially rescued with the addition of either AMP or ADP with ATP, compared to ATP alone. We propose that CFAP45 supports mammalian ciliary and flagellar beating via an adenine nucleotide homeostasis module.

2020-11-05 | PXD019806 | Pride

Shulin packages axonemal outer dynein arms for ciliary targeting

Project description:The main force generators in eukaryotic cilia and flagella are axonemal outer dynein arms (ODAs). During cilio-genesis, these ∼1.8 MDa complexes are assembled in the cytoplasm and targeted to cilia via an unknown mechanism. Here we use the ciliate Tetrahymena to identify two novel factors (Q22YU3 and Q22MS1) which bind ODAs in the cytoplasm and are required for their delivery to cilia. We show that Q22YU3, which we name Shulin, locks the ODA motor domains into a closed conformation and inhibits motor activity. Cryo-EM reveals how Shulin stabilizes this compact form of ODAs by binding to the dynein tails. Our findings provide a molecular explanation for how newly assembled dyneins are packaged for delivery to the cilia.

2021-09-09 | PXD022396 | Pride

WT and FAP256-KO Cilia Proteome from Tetrahymena thermophila

Project description:Cilia are essential organelles that protrude from the cell body. Cilia are made of a microtubule-based structure called the axoneme. In most types of cilia, the ciliary tip is distinct from the rest of the cilium. By analysing Tetrahymena thermophila cells lacking a ciliary tip-enriched protein CEP104/FAP256 by mass spectrometry, we discovered candidates for the central pair cap complex and explained the potential functions of CEP104/FAP256. These data provide new insights into the function of the ciliary tip and the mechanisms of ciliary assembly and length regulation.

2023-09-01 | PXD042582 | Pride

A network of interacting ciliary tip proteins with opposing activities imparts slow and processive microtubule growth

Project description:Cilia are essential motile or sensory organelles found on many eukaryotic cells. Their formation and function rely on axonemal microtubules, which exhibit very slow dynamics, however the underlying biochemical mechanisms are largely unexplored. Here, we reconstituted in vitro the individual and collective activities of the ciliary tip module proteins, CEP104, CSPP1, TOGARAM1, ARMC9 and CCDC66, which interact with each other and with microtubules, and, when mutated, cause ciliopathies such as Joubert syndrome. CEP104, a protein containing a tubulin-binding TOG domain, is an inhibitor of microtubule growth and shortening that interacts with EBs on the microtubule surface and with a luminal microtubule-pausing factor CSPP1. Another TOG-domain protein, TOGARAM1, overcomes growth inhibition imposed by CEP104 and CSPP1. CCDC66 and ARMC9 do not affect microtubule dynamics directly but act as scaffolds for their partners. Cryo-electron tomography showed that together, ciliary tip module members form plus-end-specific cork-like structures which reduce protofilament flaring. The combined effect of these proteins is very slow processive microtubule elongation, which recapitulates axonemal dynamics in cells.

2024-11-19 | PXD055631 | Pride

Cellular responses in the airway ciliary microenvironment from mouse models of primary ciliary dyskinesia with central pair apparatus defects

Project description:Dysfunction of motile cilia can impair mucociliary clearance in the airway and result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a pediatric syndrome characterized by chronic respiratory infection and bronchiectasis, as well as infertility, laterality defects, and occasionally hydrocephalus due to defects in cilia in other organ systems. We have previously shown that mutations in genes encoding components of the ciliary central pair apparatus (CPA) perturb ciliary motility and result in PCD in mouse models. However, little is known about how epithelial cell types in the ciliary microenvironment of the upper airway respond to defects in ciliary motility and mucociliary clearance. In this study, we have used a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach to investigate the effects of ciliary dysfunction on the tracheal epithelial cells from mouse models with mutations in CPA genes Cfap221 (also known as Pcdp1), Cfap54, and Spef2. Expected cell types were identified in the tracheal epithelial samples, including basal cells, suprabasal cells, secretory cells, deuterosomal cells, ciliated cells, tuft cells, ionocytes, and neuroendocrine cells, as well as an unidentified cell type that does not express markers of typical airway cells. The deuterosomal cells were found to exist in two states that differ largely in expression of genes involved in differentiation into the ciliated cell type. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for each cell type, and functional enrichment analysis revealed a variety of important cellular functions altered in mutant cells. Overlapping DEGs shed light on general cellular responses to cilia dysfunction, while unique DEGs indicate that some responses may be specific to the individual mutation and ciliary defect. These analyses uncover new information about cellular responses to mucociliary clearance defects in the airway and pathogenesis of PCD.

2024-11-14 | GSE254100 | GEO

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