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Candida non-albicans biofilm-derived extracellular vesicles

ABSTRACT: Currently, non-albicans Candida species, including C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis, are becoming an increasing epidemiological threat, predominantly due to the distinct collection of virulence mechanisms, as well as emerging resistance to the antifungal drugs typically used in the treatment of candidiasis. They can produce biofilms that release extracellular vesicles (EVs) ‒ nanometric spherical structures surrounded by a lipid bilayer, transporting diversified biologically active cargo, that may be involved in intercellular communication, biofilm matrix production, and interaction with host.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): [candida] Glabrata Cbs 138

TISSUE(S): Fungal Cell

SUBMITTER: Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta

LAB HEAD: Maria Rapala-Kozik

PROVIDER: PXD033327 | Pride | 2022-06-23

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Candida_glabrata.mgf	Mgf
	Candida_glabrata.mzid	Mzid
	Candida_glabrata.raw	Raw

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Candida non-albicans biofilm-derived EVs

Project description:Currently, non-albicans Candida species, including C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis, are becoming an increasing epidemiological threat, predominantly due to the distinct collection of virulence mechanisms, as well as emerging resistance to the antifungal drugs typically used in the treatment of candidiasis. They can produce biofilms that release extracellular vesicles (EVs) ‒ nanometric spherical structures surrounded by a lipid bilayer, transporting diversified biologically active cargo, that may be involved in intercellular communication, biofilm matrix production, and interaction with host.

2022-06-23 | PXD033299 | Pride

Candida non-albicans biofilm-derived vesicles

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Vesicle proteomics during fungal biofilm development in Candida

Project description:Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles from four different Candida strains (tropicalis, parapsilosis, auris and glabrata).

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Candida albicans CUG codon translation, comparison with other yeasts

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Characterization of pathogenic Candida glabrata and their effectiveness against systemic candidiasis in BALB/c mice

Project description:Candida glabrata is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans, with the emergence of resitant strains being of particulary concern. The cell wall associated and secretory proteins are intrinsically involved in vital functions during the fungal-host interactions. These proteins are responsible for eliciting immune response in host during candidiasis and therefore can be a promising candidates for vaccine development. BALB/c mice were broadly divided into unimmunized, immunized groups and the designated groups were immunized with β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) call wall extract, and secretory protein extract from C. glabrata via intraperitoneal route. All the animals were then challenged with a lethal dose of C. glabrata. Furthermore, we applied a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) -based approach for the characterization of β-ME extract and secretory protein extract from C. glabrata, which resulted in a comprehensive cell wall and secretory proteome map.portunistic fungal pathogen of humans, with the emergence of resitant strains being of particulary concern. The cell wall associated and secretory proteins are intrinsically involved in vital functions during the fungal-host interactions. These proteins are responsible for eliciting immune response in host during candidiasis and therefore can be a promising candidates for vaccine development. BALB/c mice were broadly divided into unimmunized, immunized groups and the designated groups were immunized with β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) call wall extract, and secretory protein extract from C. glabrata via intraperitoneal route. All the animals were then challenged with a lethal dose of C. glabrata. Furthermore, we applied a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) -based approach for the characterization of β-ME extract and secretory protein extract from C. glabrata, which resulted in a comprehensive cell wall and secretory proteome map.

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Transcriptional responses of primary murine macrophages to four Candida species

Project description:Candidiasis is an infection caused by yeasts of the genus Candida that ranges in severity from debilitating mucosal infections to disseminated disease with high mortality rates. C. albicans is the most common cause of infection, but non-albicans species collectively represent a significant disease burden. Disseminated disease rarely affects immunocompetent individuals, largely due to the action of innate immune cells, including macrophages, in controlling infection. The interaction of C. albicans with macrophages has been subject to extensive study, but there has been little investigation of the macrophage response to non-albicans Candida species. Here, we used RNA-seq to investigate global transcriptional changes within primary murine macrophages after one hour in response to four species: C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and Clavispora lusitaniae. We identified a strong pro-inflammatory response to C. albicans that was largely independent of fungal variability and found that this was highly correlated with the response to C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis. In contrast, C. lusitaniae elicited a broadly weaker response, including reduced induction of cytokine genes. Several chemokine genes also showed weaker induction in response to both C. lusitaniae and C. parapsilosis than to C. albicans, although significantly reduced secretion of CCL3 protein was only evident in response to C. lusitaniae. These data indicate a high degree of similarity in early macrophage recognition of multiple important Candida pathogens, but also suggest that weaker recognition of C. lusitaniae by immune cells may aid immune evasion by this species.

2021-11-28 | GSE152700 | GEO

Inhibiting Fungal Multidrug Resistance by Disrupting an Activator-Mediator Interaction With the Small Molecule iKIX1

Project description:Eukaryotic transcription activators stimulate the expression of specific sets of target genes through recruitment of co-activators such as the RNA polymerase II-interacting Mediator complex. We previously identified an activator-targeted ~85 amino acid three-helix bundle KIX domain in the human MED15 Mediator subunit that is structurally conserved in Gal11 Mediator subunits in fungi. The Gal11 KIX domain is engaged by pleiotropic drug resistance transcription factor (Pdr1) orthologues, key regulators of the multidrug resistance (MDR) pathway in S. cerevisiae and in the clinically important human pathogen Candida glabrata. Drug-resistant clinical isolates of C. glabrata most commonly harbour point mutations in Pdr1 that render it constitutively active, suggesting that this transcriptional activation pathway may represent a lynchpin in C. glabrata MDR. We have now carried out sequential biochemical and in vivo high-throughput screens to identify small molecule inhibitors of the interaction of the C. glabrata Pdr1 activation domain with the C. glabrata Gal11A KIX domain. The lead compound (iKIX1) inhibits Pdr1-dependent gene activation in both S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata and re-sensitizes drug-resistant C. glabrata to effective azole antifungal concentrations in vitro and in animal models for disseminated and urinary tract C. glabrata infection. Samples are generated in triplicate for four conditions (DMSO/vehicle-treated, iKIX1-treated, DMSO/vehicle and ketoconazole-treated. and iKIX1-ketoconazole treated) in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata

2015-12-15 | E-GEOD-74361 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Filamentation is Associated with Reduced Pathogenicity of Multiple Non-albicans Candida Species

Project description:Candidiasis affects a wide variety of immunocompromised individuals, including HIV/AIDS patients and cancer patients on chemotherapy. Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, accounts for about 50% of all cases, while the remainder are caused by the less pathogenic non-albicans Candida species (NACS). These species are believed to be less pathogenic, in part, because they do not filament as readily or robustly as C. albicans, although definitive evidence is lacking. To address this question, we used strains for two NACS, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis, that are genetically engineered to constitutively express the key transcriptional regulator UME6 and drive strong filamentation both in vitro and during infection in vivo. Unexpectedly, both strains showed a dramatic reduction in organ fungal burden and clearance of infection in response to UME6 expression. Consistent with these findings, we observed that a C. tropicalis hyperfilamentous mutant was significantly reduced and a filamentation-defective mutant was slightly increased for organ fungal burden. Comprehensive immune profiling did not reveal any significant changes in the host immune response to UME6 expression in the NACS. Interestingly, however, whole-genome transcriptional profiling indicated that while genes important for filamentation were induced by UME6 expression in C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, other genes involved in a variety of processes important for pathogenesis were strongly down-regulated. Our findings are significant because they suggest fundamental evolutionary differences in the relationship between morphology and pathogenicity among Candida species and that NACS do not necessarily possess the same virulence properties as C. albicans.

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