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Tapasin assembly surveillance by the RNF185/MBRL ubiquitin ligase complex regulates MHC-I antigen presentation

ABSTRACT: Immune surveillance by cytotoxic T cells eliminates tumor cells and cells infected by intracellular pathogens. This process relies on the presentation of antigenic peptides on Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC-I) at the cell surface. The loading of these peptides onto MHC-I depends on the peptide loading complex (PLC) at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we uncovered that MHC-I antigen presentation is regulated by ER-associated degradation (ERAD), a protein quality control process essential to clear misfolded and unassembled proteins. An unbiased proteomics screen identified the PLC component Tapasin, essential for peptide loading onto MHC-I, as a substrate of the RNF185/Membralin ERAD complex. Loss of RNF185/MBRL resulted in elevated Tapasin steady state levels and increased MHC-I at the surface of professional antigen presenting cells. We further show that RNF185/MBRL ERAD complex recognizes unassembled Tapasin and limits its incorporation into PLC. These findings establish a novel mechanism controlling antigen presentation and suggest RNF185/Membralin as potential therapeutic targets to modulate immune surveillance.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human) Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Primary Cell, Astrocyte Of The Forebrain, Cell Culture, Kidney

SUBMITTER: Pedro Carvalho

LAB HEAD: Pedro Carvalho

PROVIDER: PXD048728 | Pride | 2024-09-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	20211203_TMT10plex_Tiaan_Oxford_F1.raw	Raw
	20211203_TMT10plex_Tiaan_Oxford_F10.raw	Raw
	20211203_TMT10plex_Tiaan_Oxford_F11.raw	Raw
	20211203_TMT10plex_Tiaan_Oxford_F12.raw	Raw
	20211203_TMT10plex_Tiaan_Oxford_F13.raw	Raw

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Project description:Background Dysregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM) components in the tumor as one main molecular mechanism of immune escape leading to deactivation of T cell immune surveillance could be due to post-transcriptional regulation via immune-modulatory microRNAs (miRNA). It is now well established from a variety of studies that several miRNAs could effectively modulate the expression of some MHC class I APM components in tumors. Tapasin is an important APM molecule involved in the association of MHC class I with transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and peptide loading. Since so far no detailed investigation of the posttranscriptional regulation of tapasin exists, the aim of this study is to identify and functionally characterize miRNAs targeting tapasin in melanoma. Methods Using miRNA trapping by RNA in vitro affinity purification (miTRAP) and in silico as well as small RNA sequencing, miRNAs will be identified, which bind to the 3'untranslated region (3' UTR) of tapasin. Dual luciferase assays will be performed to determine binding of the miRNA. In silico analysis was performed to predict the effect of miRNAs on the survival of melanoma patients in correlation to tapasin. RT-qPCR, Western blot, flow cytometry and other functional assays were performed after transfecting miRNA mimics in three melanoma cell lines. Results Using the combination strategy of miTRAP and RNA seq we identified miR-155-5p to bind to the 3’UTR of tapasin, which was further confirmed by in silico analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay. Transfection of miR-155-5p mimics demonstrated that miR-155-5p upregulate tapasin protein level, which was accompanied by an upregulation of the MHC class I (HLA-ABC) surface expression. Simultaneously, in several different types of cancer, including melanoma, the expression of miR-155-5p is significantly positively correlated with the patient's survival and HLA-A protein. Conclusion Our data revealed for the first time a positive role of miR-155-5p in the posttranscriptional regulation of tapasin in melanoma and provide further insights into the miR-155-5p-mediated induction of HLA-ABC surface expression. This might lead to a better T cell response, avoidance tumor cell escape, improvement of patients' survival and thus might be a potential therapeutic target.

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Tapasin assembly surveillance by the RNF185/MBRL ubiquitin ligase complex regulates MHC-I antigen presentation

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