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Triple-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Shapes the Systemic Immune Landscape and Alters Neutrophil Functionality

ABSTRACT: Cancer dysregulates intratumoral adaptive-innate immune cell crosstalk, however, it remains largely unknown how the systemic immune landscape is modified during breast cancer progression and whether prior chemotherapy treatment exerts persistent changes on circulating immune cells. Here, we comprehensively profiled the systemic immune landscape in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) at distinct disease stages, to understand how cancer progression and treatment history shape the systemic immune landscape. We performed multi-parameter flow cytometry analysis to assess the global systemic immune landscape, including often overlooked granulocytes. We showed that patients with metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) exhibited increased classical monocytes and neutrophils compared to healthy donors (HDs) irrespective of prior therapy. Conversely, circulating T cells, dendritic cell subsets and differentiated B cells were reduced in patients with mTNBC compared to HDs, which could partially be attributed to prior chemotherapy treatment. Phenotypic and functional characterization of the T cell compartment revealed increased IL17 production by vδ1 γδ T cells, were increased. Transcriptional and proteomic analysis, alongside ex vivo functionality assays, revealed increased migratory capacity, increased granule proteins, and elevated ROS production in circulating neutrophils of mTNBC patients. Our data demonstrate that patient neutrophils are not only more abundant, but also display an altered functionality, underscoring the significant impact of TNBC disease stage and treatment history on the systemic immune composition and function.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Neutrophil

DISEASE(S): Breast Cancer

SUBMITTER: Onno Bleijerveld

LAB HEAD: Onno Bleijerveld

PROVIDER: PXD051334 | Pride | 2025-04-09

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	20210627_Exploris_Project_500_deVisser_Noor_proteome_s01.raw	Raw
	20210702_Exploris_Project_500_deVisser_Noor_proteome_s02.raw	Raw
	20210702_Exploris_Project_500_deVisser_Noor_proteome_s03.raw	Raw
	20210702_Exploris_Project_500_deVisser_Noor_proteome_s04.raw	Raw
	20210702_Exploris_Project_500_deVisser_Noor_proteome_s05.raw	Raw

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Project description:Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is a chronic childhood arthropathy with features of autoinflammation. Early inflammatory SJIA is associated with expansion and activation of neutrophils with a sepsis-like phenotype, but neutrophil phenotypes present in longstanding and clinically inactive disease (CID) are unknown. The objective of this study was to examine activated neutrophil subsets, S100 alarmin release, and gene expression signatures in children with a spectrum of SJIA disease activity. Methods: Highly-purified neutrophils were isolated using a two-step procedure of density-gradient centrifugation followed by magnetic-bead based negative selection prior to flow cytometry or cell culture to quantify S100 protein release. Whole transcriptome gene expression profiles were compared in neutrophils from children with both active SJIA and CID. Results: Patients with SJIA and active systemic features demonstrated a higher number of CD16+CD62Llo neutrophil population compared to controls. This neutrophil subset was not seen in patients with CID or patients with active arthritis not exhibiting systemic features. Using imaging flow cytometry, CD16+CD62Llo neutrophils from patients with active SJIA and features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) had increased nuclear hypersegmentation compared to CD16+CD62L+ neutrophils. Serum levels of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 were strongly correlated with peripheral blood neutrophil counts. Neutrophils from active SJIA patients did not show enhanced resting S100 protein release; however, regardless of disease activity, neutrophils from SJIA patients did show enhanced S100A8/A9 release upon PMA stimulation compared to control neutrophils. Furthermore, whole transcriptome analysis of highly purified neutrophils from children with active SJIA identified 214 differentially expressed genes compared to neutrophils from healthy controls. The most significantly upregulated gene pathway was Immune System Process, including AIM2, IL18RAP, and NLRC4. Interestingly, this gene set showed intermediate levels of expression in neutrophils from patients with long-standing CID yet persistent serum IL-18 elevation. Indeed, all patient samples regardless of disease activity demonstrated elevated inflammatory gene expression, including inflammasome components and S100A8. Conclusion: We identify features of neutrophil activation in SJIA patients with active disease and CID, including a proinflammatory gene expression signature, reflecting persistent innate immune activation. Taken together, these studies expand understanding of neutrophil function in chronic autoinflammatory disorders such as SJIA.

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Triple-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Shapes the Systemic Immune Landscape and Alters Neutrophil Functionality

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