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Proteomics analysis of trematode eggshells

ABSTRACT: Trematodes such as the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica and the rumen fluke Calicophoron daubneyi are endemic throughout Europe where they tyically infect sheep and cattle. Adult fluke shed thousands of eggs which possess a tougher outer eggshell composed of cross-linked eggshell precursor (or vitelline) proteins. Fasciola hepatica usues di-tyrosine crosslinking (typcial of most trematode species) whilst the crosslinks formed in C. daubneyi eggshells appear to be different, based on histochemical data. Here, the composition of the eggshell of both species was investigated by mass spectrometry.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Velos

ORGANISM(S): Fasciola Hepatica (liver Fluke) Calicophoron Daubneyi

TISSUE(S): Egg

SUBMITTER: Mark Robinson

LAB HEAD: Mark Robinson

PROVIDER: PXD053790 | Pride | 2024-12-18

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Background: Fasciola hepatica infection still remains one of the helminthic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It has a huge worldwide distribution, affecting mainly cattle and, sometimes, human beings. In addition to data reported about the immunological response induced by helminthic infections and that induced by Fasciola hepatica, little is known about the gene expression profile in its organ target, the liver, which is where adult worms are established and live for long periods of time, causing its characteristic pathology. In the present work, we study both the early and late gene expression profiles in the livers of mice infected with Fasciola hepatica metacercariae using a microarray-based methodology. Methodology: A total of 9 female-6-week-old BALB/c mice (Charles River Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain) weighing 20 to 35 g were used for the experiments. Two groups of BALB/c mice were orally infected with seven F. hepatica metacercariae, and the other group remained untreated and served as a control. Mice were humanely euthanized and necropsied for liver recovery, histological assessment of hepatic damage, RNA isolation, microarray design and gene expression analysis on the day of infection (t0), seven days post-infection (t7) and twenty-one days post-infection (t21). Results: We found that Fasciola hepatica infection induces the differential expression of 128 genes in the liver in the early stage of infection and 308 genes in the late stage, and most of them are up-regulated. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed significant changes in the pathways related to metabolism, biosynthesis and signaling as well as genes implicated in inducing liver-toxicity, injury and death. Conclusion: The present study provides us insights at the molecular level about the underlying mechanisms used by Fasciola hepatica, leading to liver damage and its subsequent pathophysiology. The expression pattern obtained here could also be used to explain the lack of association between infection with F. hepatica and cholangiocarcinoma. However, more studies should be performed to confirm this hypothesis. We used three experimental groups each containing 3 mice. Group 1 remains untreated and served as control. Group 2 was infected with Fasciola hepatica metacercariae on day 0 and humanely necropsied at 7 days post-infection. Group 3 was infected with Fasciola hepatica metacercariae on day 0 and humanely necropsied at 21 days post- infection. At the time of necropsy, liver of each mice were removed and the RNA was isolated. We compared the gene expression profile in the liver of mice infected with Fasciola hepatica.

Project description:Fascioliasis is a major neglected tropical disease that infects humans and ruminant species worldwide. Recent discoveries have identified that liver fluke extracellular vesicles are released into the host’s internal environment. To understand extracellular vesicle biology further, isolation of the extracellular vesicle is necessary for downstream applications. The most widely used purification method involves differential centrifugation however; there is no ‘gold standard’ to date of extracellular vesicle isolation. Recently, size exclusion chromatography has been used to successfully purify EVs. In this study, liver flukes were collected to compare size exclusion chromatography EV purification, to the widely accepted method of differential centrifugation. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy showed that size exclusion chromatography extracellular vesicles were smaller in size and diversity than differential centrifugation purified extracellular vesicles. Protein concentration and western blotting suggested that size exclusion chromatography purification had a high EV purity to protein yield ratio in comparison to differential centrifugation. Mass spectrometry analysis discovered a greater amount of protein identifications and unique peptide hits in differential centrifugation purified EVs with less diverse functionality, than size exclusion chromatography purified EVs. However, gene enrichment analysis against the Fasciola hepatica genome showed comparable results between purification methods. Furthermore, western blotting revealed that glutathione s-transferase sigma could be a potential marker for liver fluke EVs. These results suggest that size exclusion chromatography purification produces a higher EV purity to protein yield ratio and maintains extracellular vesicle composition, so therefore is a better suited method for further downstream experimentation with liver fluke extracellular vesicles, compared to differential centrifugation.

			Action	DRS
	Cd-eggs1-Repeat.raw	Raw
	Cd-eggs2.raw	Raw
	Cd-eggs3.raw	Raw
	F292335.dat	Other
	F292336.dat	Other

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Proteomics analysis of trematode eggshells

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