Project description:Although the cicada wing has a variety of functions and the nanostructure and surface properties of many species have been extensively investigated, there are no reports investigating diversity of nanostructures and wetting properties within a single species collected at locations with different rainfall conditions. In this study, the hydrophobicity and nanostructure dimensions of the forewing surface of Cryptotympana atrata were measured, based on specimens collected from 12 distributions with varying precipitation averages in China and Japan. The relationships among hydrophobicity, nanostructures, and precipitation were analyzed, and the adaption of hydrophobic nanostructures under different wet environments is discussed. The precipitation of locations in the years the samples of C. atrata were collected only has an effect on the diameter and spacing of wing surface nanostructure, and the multiple years of precipitation may have an influence on the basic diameter and spacing, as well as the height of protrusions. The rougher the wing surface, the stronger the hydrophobicity which was observed from samples taken where the rainfall conditions of the collection years are high. To our knowledge, this is one special example providing evidence of hydrophobic nanostructures found on a biological surface of a single species which shows adaption for specific wet environments.
Project description:Cryptotympana atrata is a common insect pest found in forest ecosystem throughout East and South Asia. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of one individual was determined using high-throughput sequencing. The mitogenome is 15,338 bp in length with an A + T content of 77.9%, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and one control region (CR or D-loop). The gene arrangement and composition is similar to other published mitogenomes of Cicadidae. The concatenated PCGs were used to conduct Bayesian phylogenetic analyses together with several related Cicadidae with mitogenome data in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis shows that two species (C. atrata and C. facialis) and Auritibicen bihamatus were herein corroborated to be the tribe of Cryptotympanini. Our results show the location of genus Cryptotympana in Cicadinae and the location of the subfamily in Cicadidae, and provide data for further study of phylogeny in Hemiptera.