Project description:ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE) on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) in a mouse model.MethodsAcute pancreatitis was induced via intraperitoneal injection of cerulein (50 μg/kg) every hour for 6 times. In the LE, water extract (100, 250, or 500 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 1 hour before the first injection of cerulein. Six hours after AP, blood, the pancreas, and the lung were harvested for further examination. In addition, pancreatic acinar cells were isolated using a collagenase method, and then, we investigated the acinar cell viability and cytokine productions.ResultsTreatment with LE reduced pancreatic damage and AP-associated lung injury and attenuated the severity of AP, as evidenced by the reduction in neutrophil infiltration, serum amylase and lipase levels, trypsin activity, and proinflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, treatment with LE inhibited high mobility group box 1 expression in the pancreas during AP. In accordance with in vivo data, LE inhibited the cerulein-induced acinar cell death, cytokine productions, and high-mobility group box 1 expression. Furthermore, LE also inhibited the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.ConclusionsThese results suggest that LE plays a protective role during the development of AP by inhibiting the activation of p38.

| S-EPMC4272226 | biostudies-literature

Lithospermum erythrorhizon cultivar:2019-general

Project description:Lithospermum erythrorhizon cultivar:2019-general Genome sequencing and assembly

| PRJNA695062 | ENA

Highly efficient method of Lithospermum erythrorhizon transformation using domestic Rhizobium rhizogenes strain A13.

Project description:Lithospermum erythrorhizon, a medicinal plant growing in Asian countries, produces shikonin derivatives that are lipophilic secondary metabolites. These red naphthoquinone pigments are traditionally used as a natural drug and a dye in East Asia. In intact L. erythrorhizon plants, shikonin derivatives are produced in the root epidermal cells and secreted into extracellular spaces. The biosynthetic pathway for shikonin derivatives remains incompletely understood and the secretion mechanisms are largely unknown. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying shikonin biosynthesis and transport in L. erythrorhizon cells requires functional analysis of candidate genes using transgenic plants. To date, however, standard transformation methods have not yet been established. This study describes an efficient method for L. erythrorhizon transformation using hairy roots by Rhizobium rhizogenes strain A13, present domestically in Japan. Hairy roots of L. erythrorhizon were generated from explants of the axenic shoots that were infected with R. rhizogenes strain A13. Integration into the genome was assessed by PCR amplifying a transgene encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and by monitoring GFP expression. This method enhanced transformation efficiency 50-70%. Although methods for the systematic stable transformation of L. erythrorhizon plants have not yet been reported, the method described in this study resulted in highly efficient stable transformation using hairy roots. This method enables the functional analysis of L. erythrorhizon genes.

| S-EPMC7193830 | biostudies-literature

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