Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is a predominant relationship between plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. To idendify arbuscular mycorrhiza responsive miRNAs, small RNA libraries were constructed in tomato roots colonized with Rhizophagus irregularis and without Rhizophagus irregularis. We identify miRNAs in tomato roots and provide a new profile of tomato miRNAs. And we found that some miRNAs were responsive to arbuscular mycorrhiza by comparing miRNAs in treatment with that in control. Examination of arbuscular mycorrhiza responsive miRNAs in tomato through high-throughput small RNA sequencing of roots with Rhizophagus irregularis and that without Rhizophagus irregularis
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is a predominant relationship between plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. To idendify arbuscular mycorrhiza responsive miRNAs, small RNA libraries were constructed in tomato roots colonized with Rhizophagus irregularis and without Rhizophagus irregularis. We identify miRNAs in tomato roots and provide a new profile of tomato miRNAs. And we found that some miRNAs were responsive to arbuscular mycorrhiza by comparing miRNAs in treatment with that in control.
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form mutualistic relationships with most land plant species. AM fungi have long been considered as ancient asexuals. Long-term clonal evolution would be remarkable for a eukaryotic lineage and suggests the importance of alternative mechanisms to promote genetic variability facilitating adaptation. Here, we assessed the potential of transposable elements (TEs) for generating genomic diversity. The dynamic expression of TEs during Rhizophagus irregularis spore development suggests ongoing TE activity. We find Mutator-like elements located near genes belonging to highly expanded gene families. Characterising the epigenomic status of R. irregularis provides evidence of DNA methylation and small RNA production occurring at TE loci. Our results support a potential role for TEs in shaping the genome, and roles for DNA methylation and small RNA-mediated silencing in regulating TEs. A well-controlled balance between TE activity and repression may therefore contribute to genome evolution in AM fungi.
Project description:Plant species posses a special set of genes functional only in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. So, the model plant Medicago truncatula (Jemalong 5) was used for transcriptome comparative analysis while infected with compatible rhizobia Sinorhizobium meliloti (strain 10) and with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis (SYM5). Whole shoot and whole root were used for RNA isolation and processed via one of the European certified Affymetrix core labs (http://core.img.cas.cz).
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) interactions between plants and Glomeromycota fungi primarily support phosphate aquisition of most terrestrial plant species. To unravel gene expression in Medicago truncatula root colonization by AM fungi, we used genome-wide transcriptome profiling based on whole mycorrhizal roots. We used GeneChips to detail the global programme of gene expression in response to colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and in response to a treatment with phosphate and identified genes differentially expressed during this process. Medicago truncatula roots were harvested at 28 days post inoculation with the two different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus intraradices (Gi-Myc) and Glomus mosseae (Gm-Myc) under low phosphate conditions (20 µM phosphate) or after a 28 days treatment with 2 mM phosphate in the absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (2mM-P). As a control, uninfected roots grown under low phosphate conditions (20 µM phosphate) were used (20miM-P). Three biological replicates consisting of pools of five roots were used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix GeneChips.
Project description:Purpose: The recent publication of the fungal mutualist R. irregularis genome facilitated transcriptomic studies. We here adress the gene regulation of R. irregularis in response to root exudates from rice wild-type and osnope1 (no perception candidate - mutant unable to host arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) Methods: Spores of R. irregularis were treated with root exudates and collected at 1 hour, 24 hours and 7 days after addition. To monitor fungal gene regulation, control conditions were also prepared at T0, 1h, 24h and 7d. mRNA were sequenced by HiSeq Illumina. Reads were mapped on the Rhizophagus irregularis genome assembly (Gloin1 - Tisserant et al., PNAS, 2013) using CLCworkbench suite. Results: -At 1h, a set of 92 fungal genes were found up-regulated in response to wt root exudates (92), not to osnope1 root exudates, many of them being involved in cell signaling. -At 24h and 7d, numerous genes putatively involved in primary metabolism were up-regulated in response to wt root exudates, not in response to osnope1 root exudates -Several vital genes involved in cell development are repressed in response to osnope1 RE compared to wt RE. Conclusions: these results argue for a high metabolic activity induced by wt root exudates, not by osnope1 root exudates.