Lower prevalence but similar fitness in a parasitic fungus at higher radiation levels near Chernobyl.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB11006 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster initiated a series of catastrophic events resulting in long-term and widespread environmental contamination. We characterize the genetic structure of 302 dogs representing three free-roaming dog populations living within the power plant itself, or 15-45 km from the disaster site. Genome-wide profiles from Chernobyl, purebred, and free-breeding dogs world-wide reveal that the individuals from the power plant and Chernobyl City are genetically distinct, with the former displaying increased intrapopulation genetic similarity and differentiation. Analysis of shared ancestral genome segments highlights differences in the extent and timing of western breed introgression. Kinship analysis reveals 15 families, with the largest spanning all collection sites within the radioactive exclusion zone, reflecting migration of dogs between the power plant and Chernobyl City. This study presents the first characterization of a domestic species in Chernobyl, establishing their relevance for genetic studies into the effects of exposure to long-term, low-dose ionizing radiation.
2022-12-14 | GSE219090 | GEO
Project description:We compared the expression profiles of papillary thyroid tumors from the Chernobyl Tissues Bank (CTB) with tumors from French patients with no history of exposure to radiations. Keywords: papillary thyroid cancer vs. patient-matched healthy adjacent thyroid
2007-07-12 | GSE3950 | GEO
Project description:We profiled the gene expression of anaplastic thyroid cancers of Belgian patients. We compared these with the expression profile of a cohort of papillary thyroid tumors both from the Chernobyl Tissues Bank (CTB) and French patients with no history of exposure to radiations, along with their patient-matched healthy adjacent thyroid.
2012-06-01 | GSE29265 | GEO
Project description:We compared the expression profiles of papillary thyroid tumors from the Chernobyl Tissues Bank (CTB) with tumors from French patients with no history of exposure to radiations. Keywords: papillary thyroid cancer vs. patient-matched healthy adjacent thyroid thyroid papillary cancer vs. patient-matched adjacent nontumor thyroid tissues. -14 tumors from France -12 tumors from Ukraine
2007-07-11 | E-GEOD-3950 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Thyroid gland is among the most sensitive organs to ionizing radiation. Whether low-dose radiation-induced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) differs from sporadic PTC is yet unknown. We used microarrays to identify gene signature of radiation-induced papillary thyroid carcinomas To identify molecular differences between radiation-induced (Exposed to Chernobyl Radiation, ECR) and sporadic PTC, we investigated 65 childhood/young adult PTC samples using DNA microarray (Affymetrix, Human Genome U133 2.0 Plus). The PTC samples were from patients born either before (33 ECR cases) or at least 9 months after (32 non-ECR cases) the Chernobyl catastrophe. Multofactoral analyses were performed in order to define some additional factors that could have impact on the gene expression profile. Morover the microarray data were validated with the QPCR reaction and exon arrays.
2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-35570 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Chernobyl wetland environmental microbiomes
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Project description:Functional modifications shape the ability of populations to cope with anthropogenic environmental changes. These modifications are mediated by complex interactions between transmitted and non-transmitted changes which limit their prediction. To study how these changes are intertwined with evolutionary processes in a case of persistent anthropogenic environmental change, we characterized population structure, genetic diversity and individual response on gene expression of the tree frog Hyla orientalis along a gradient of radioactive contamination around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. We detected lower effective population size in populations most exposed to ionizing radiation that is not compensated by migrations from surrounding areas. We also highlight a decreased body condition of frogs living in the most contaminated area, a peculiar transcriptomics signature and stop-gained mutations in genes involved in energy metabolism. Population most exposed to ionizing radiation in the Chernobyl exclusion zone experience both genetic drift and functional changes that collectively point towards deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on tree frogs and potential difficulty to adapt to this novel environment.
2023-06-15 | GSE211060 | GEO
Project description:Exposure to ionizing radiation during childhood markedly increases the risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer. We identified non-overlapping somatic driver mutations in all 26 cases of post-Chernobyl thyroid cancers we studied through candidate gene assays and next generation RNA-sequencing. We found that 22/26 harbored fusion oncogenes arising primarily through intrachromosomal rearrangements. Altogether 23/26 of the oncogenic drivers identified in this cohort aberrantly activate MAPK signaling, including the two novel somatic rearrangements ETV6-NTRK3 and AGK-BRAF. Two other tumors harbored distinct fusions leading to overexpression of the nuclear receptor PPARγ. A lower prevalence of fusion oncogenes was found in a cohort of pediatric thyroid cancers from children from the same geographical regions that were not exposed to radiation. Radiation-induced thyroid cancers are a paradigm of tumorigenesis driven by fusion oncogenes that activate MAPK signaling or, less frequently, a PPARγ-driven transcriptional program.
2013-10-25 | GSE48850 | GEO
Project description:Exposure to ionizing radiation during childhood markedly increases the risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer. We identified non-overlapping somatic driver mutations in all 26 cases of post-Chernobyl thyroid cancers we studied through candidate gene assays and next generation RNA-sequencing. We found that 22/26 harbored fusion oncogenes arising primarily through intrachromosomal rearrangements. Altogether 23/26 of the oncogenic drivers identified in this cohort aberrantly activate MAPK signaling, including the two novel somatic rearrangements ETV6-NTRK3 and AGK-BRAF. Two other tumors harbored distinct fusions leading to overexpression of the nuclear receptor PPARγ. A lower prevalence of fusion oncogenes was found in a cohort of pediatric thyroid cancers from children from the same geographical regions that were not exposed to radiation. Radiation-induced thyroid cancers are a paradigm of tumorigenesis driven by fusion oncogenes that activate MAPK signaling or, less frequently, a PPARγ-driven transcriptional program. Examination of transcriptome profiles and genetic somatic changes in thyroid cancer.
2013-10-25 | E-GEOD-48850 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ionizing radiation has been shown to produce negative effects on organisms, although little is known about its ecological and evolutionary effects. As a study model, we isolated bacteria associated with feathers from barn swallows Hirundo rustica from three study areas around Chernobyl differing in background ionizing radiation levels and one control study site in Denmark. Each bacterial community was exposed to four different ? radiation doses ranging from 0.46 to 3.96 kGy to test whether chronic exposure to radiation had selected for resistant bacterial strains. Experimental radiation duration had an increasingly overall negative effect on the survival of all bacterial communities. After exposure to ? radiation, bacteria isolated from the site with intermediate background radiation levels survived better and produced more colonies than the bacterial communities from other study sites with higher or lower background radiation levels. Long-term effects of radiation in natural populations might be an important selective pressure on traits of bacteria that facilitate survival in certain environments. Our findings indicate the importance of further studies to understand the proximate mechanisms acting to buffer the negative effects of ionizing radiation in natural populations.
| S-EPMC4792135 | biostudies-literature