Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB11172 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| Other | ||||
| ERR1001580_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR1001580_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR1001590_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Developmental mechanisms play an important role in determining the costs, limits, and evolutionary consequences of phenotypic plasticity. One issue central to these claims is the metaphor of developmental “decoupling,” where alternate morphs result from evolutionarily independent developmental pathways. We test this assumption through a microarray study that explores differences in gene expression between alternate morphs relative to differences between sexes, a classic example of developmental decoupling. We then examine whether morph-biased genes are less conserved, relative to morph-shared genes, as predicted if developmental decoupling relaxes pleiotropic constraints on divergence. We focus on the developing horns and brains of two species of horned beetles with spectacular sexual- and morph-dimorphism in the expression of horns and fighting behavior. We find that patterns of gene expression were as divergent between morphs as they were between sexes. However, overall patterns of gene expression were also highly correlated across morphs and sexes. Morph-biased genes were more evolutionarily divergent, suggesting a role of relaxed pleiotropic constraints or relaxed selection. Together these results suggest that alternate morphs are somewhat developmentally decoupled, and that this decoupling has significant evolutionary consequences. However, alternative morphs may not be as developmentally decoupled as sometimes assumed and such hypotheses of development should be revisited and refined. We compared gene expression in three focal epidermal tissues (head, prothorax, legs) relative to a "control" tissue (dorsal abdominal epidermis) without any outgrowths. We also surveyed gene expression in the brain, relative to ganglionic neural tissue. We compared such patterns of gene expression between two male morphs (horned, fighter and hornless, sneaker males) and between males and females. We focused our array analyses (N = 48 arrays) on Onthophagus taurus (the species for which the array was designed), but also ran 19 arrays on thoracic tissue of Onthophagus nigriventris, a species which expresses thoracic horns as adults (O. taurus expresses head horns). Finally, we included a small subset of arrays (N = 4) directly hybridizing head epidermis tissue of O. taurus male morphs to validate our overall estimates of morph-biased expression. For more detail, refer to Snell-Rood et al. 2010, Evolution.
2010-09-15 | E-GEOD-23425 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Developmental mechanisms play an important role in determining the costs, limits, and evolutionary consequences of phenotypic plasticity. One issue central to these claims is the metaphor of developmental “decoupling,” where alternate morphs result from evolutionarily independent developmental pathways. We test this assumption through a microarray study that explores differences in gene expression between alternate morphs relative to differences between sexes, a classic example of developmental decoupling. We then examine whether morph-biased genes are less conserved, relative to morph-shared genes, as predicted if developmental decoupling relaxes pleiotropic constraints on divergence. We focus on the developing horns and brains of two species of horned beetles with spectacular sexual- and morph-dimorphism in the expression of horns and fighting behavior. We find that patterns of gene expression were as divergent between morphs as they were between sexes. However, overall patterns of gene expression were also highly correlated across morphs and sexes. Morph-biased genes were more evolutionarily divergent, suggesting a role of relaxed pleiotropic constraints or relaxed selection. Together these results suggest that alternate morphs are somewhat developmentally decoupled, and that this decoupling has significant evolutionary consequences. However, alternative morphs may not be as developmentally decoupled as sometimes assumed and such hypotheses of development should be revisited and refined.
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Project description:Using an organ-specific RNA-sequencing approach, we explore the role of supergene genotype and social environment on unmated, reproductive females Solenopsis invicta ants as they depart on their mating flights.
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Project description:In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, a chromosomal inversion-derived supergene predicts gyne (pre-reproductive queen) weight and corresponding colony founding behavior. Inversion-carrying gynes are lightweight and depend on assistance from workers, meaning they must initiate reproduction in an already existing social group. Gynes that lack the inversion supergene are heavier and found colonies from scratch, relying on their own nutrient reserves to feed an initial brood. However, plasticity in gyne weight and life history also exists in fire ants, such as queen replacement, an alternative mode of dependent reproduction determined by gyne overwintering status. Like inversion-carrying gynes, overwintered gynes without the inversion supergene exhibit a lightweight phenotype and worker dependence. In gyne brains and ovaries, we compared transcriptional profiles of overwintered and non-overwintered gynes to reveal the gene regulatory changes associated with overwintering. We observed functional enrichment for several biological processes related to metabolism and behavior among these plasticity-associated differentially expressed genes. A comparison to genes differentially expressed by supergene genotype revealed significantly greater overlap than expected by chance in ovarian tissues. Moreover, some plasticity-associated genes were found to exhibit fixed allelic differences between inverted and non-inverted supergene variants that may contribute to observed differences in gene expression and physiology. Overall, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that a supergene modulates variation in social organization, in part, through increased genetic regulation of ancestrally plastic traits.
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Project description:In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, a colony queen number is determined by the founding queen's genotypes at the 13 Mb supergene with the non-recombining variants SB and Sb. Single-queen colonies are always headed by SB/SB queens while multiple-queens colonies are always headed by SB/Sb queens. The two variants of the supergene, SB and Sb are completely linked to the two alleles (B and b) of the gene Gp-9. SB/SB and SB/Sb queens differ in many physiological traits including their maturation rate and odor. To explain why SB/SB and SB/Sb queens have different odors, and why SB/SB virgins mature faster and accumulate more fat, we measured expression of ~6000 genes in virgin queens 1 and 11 days after eclosion and in reproductive queens. Keywords: fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, Supergene, queen, Gp-9, social form, maturation, fat storage, queen odor, cuticular hydrocarbon, worker discrimination, monogyne, polygyne, transposon, chemical signaling
2012-11-07 | GSE42062 | GEO
Project description:In insects, male accessory gland proteins (ACPs) are important reproductive proteins secreted by male accessory glands (MAGs) of the internal male reproductive system. During mating, ACPs were transferred along with sperms inside female bodies and have a significant impact on the physiology of female reproduction. Under sexual selection pressures, the ACPs exhibit remarkably rapid and divergent evolution and varies from species to species. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a major insect pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide. The reproductive physiology on post-mating state of this species is still largely unknown, which is important for management of this pest. In this study, the ACPs transferred into females during mating were identified by using a tandem mass tags quantitative proteomic analysis. The MAGs were compared before and after mating immediately. In total, we identified 123 putative secreted ACPs, including most important physiological: regulators of proteolysis, transporters and protein export machinery, signal transduction and immunity. Comparing P. xylostella with other four insect ACPs, trypsins were the only ACPs detected in all insect species. This was the first time to identify and analyze ACPs in P. xylostella. Our results have provided an important list of putative secreted ACPs, and have set the stage for further explore functions of these putative proteins in P. xylostella reproduction.
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